6048976
Description
Mind Map by Emma Allde, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emma Allde
over 7 years ago
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Copied by Emma Allde
over 7 years ago
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Th1L06 Microtubules
- structure
- composed of micro-tubule-associated proteins (MAPs)
- Tubulin is the monomer of microtubules
- consists of one molecule or
alpha and beta-tubulin
- Alpha tubulin, positive end
- Beta-tubulin, negative end
- Alpha tubulin, positive end
- consists of one molecule or
alpha and beta-tubulin
- Assembly and disassembly of the microtubule
- similar to the assembly of actin filaments
- GTP bound monomers (alpha-tubulin) assemble onto microtubule
- GDP bound beta-tubulin monomers dissociate rapidly
- similar to the assembly of actin filaments
- Tubulin is the monomer of microtubules
- long, relatively stiff hollow tubes
- thirteen columns of tubulin polymer
- thirteen columns of tubulin polymer
- approximately 25nm
- can be rapidly disassembled and reassembled
- polar and highly dynamic
- polar and highly dynamic
- composed of micro-tubule-associated proteins (MAPs)
- visible using EM or light microscopy
- Functions
- polymerised in centrosomes
- minus end remains close the centrosome and the plus end
points outward towards the cell periphery
- minus end remains close the centrosome and the plus end
points outward towards the cell periphery
- Stabilise the shape of platelets and axons
- protrusions are activated by cuts and
formed by microfilaments allowing them
to adhere to one another and form a clot
- protrusions are activated by cuts and
formed by microfilaments allowing them
to adhere to one another and form a clot
- Anchoring
- organise the ER of a cell
- organise the ER of a cell
- Cell motility
- Cilia and flagella
- E.g. in respiratory epithelium
- Shows 9:2 structure
- Microtubules slide along one another causing the cilium to bend
via processive motor proteins
- Dyenin
- minus-ended microtubule associated motor protein near nucleus
- minus-ended microtubule associated motor protein near nucleus
- Kinesin
- moves towards (+) ends
(cell periphery)
- Stays attached to the microtubule throughout the ATP
hydrolysis cycle (unlike mysosin)
- moves towards (+) ends
(cell periphery)
- Dyenin
- E.g. in respiratory epithelium
- Involved in separation of chromosomes during cell division
- Colchicine, vinblastine and taxol
- anti-cancer therapeutics
- inhibit the function of the mitotic spindle and thus cell division
- Colchicine and vinblastine destabilise microtubules
- Taxol stabilises microtubules
- inhibits microtubule polymerization by binding to tubulin
- inhibits microtubule polymerization by binding to tubulin
- Colchicine and vinblastine destabilise microtubules
- anti-cancer therapeutics
- Colchicine, vinblastine and taxol
- involved in the movement of organelles, e.g.
synaptic vesicles along axons to synapses
- Composed of heavy chain (binds to
microtubule) and light chain (binds to what
needs to be moved)
- Vesicles move about 10cm/day which take
more than a week down an entire axon
- Composed of heavy chain (binds to
microtubule) and light chain (binds to what
needs to be moved)
- Cilia and flagella
- polymerised in centrosomes
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