4972059
Description
Mind Map by Ryan Brace, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ryan Brace
almost 9 years ago
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Atoms & The Periodic Table
- Atoms
- Electrons
- Negative Charge
- Move around the Nucleus
- Occupy Shells
- If Electrons are added/removed
the atom then becomes an Ion
- Negative Charge
- Nucleus
- In the middle of an Atom
- Contains Protons & Neutrons
- Positive Protons
- Number of Protons =
Number of Electrons
- Number of Protons =
Number of Electrons
- Neutral Neutrons
- Overall positive charge
- Positive Protons
- In the middle of an Atom
- Electrons
- Periodic Table
- Columns
- These are called Groups
- Each Group have the same number of
Electrons in their outer shell
- Therefore the properties are similar
- Therefore the properties are similar
- Group 0 are Noble Gases
- This means they have a full outer shell
- They are stable and unreactive
- They are stable and unreactive
- This means they have a full outer shell
- Each Group have the same number of
Electrons in their outer shell
- These are called Groups
- Numbers
- The top number is the
Mass Number
- Number of Protons & Neutrons
- Number of Protons & Neutrons
- Bottom number is
the Atomic
Number
- Number of Electrons
- Number of Electrons
- To find the Neutrons it's
Mass Number - Atomic
Number
- The top number is the
Mass Number
- Columns
- Electron Shells
- Rules
- Electrons occupy shells
- There are usually 3 shells
- First - 2 Electrons
- Second - 8 Electrons
- Third - 8 Electrons
- First - 2 Electrons
- A full outer shell means
the Element is unreactive
- Unless full the Element
will react
- Unless full the Element
will react
- Electrons occupy shells
- Carbon Electron Shells
- 2 electrons on first shell
- 4 electrons on outer shell
- 2 electrons on first shell
- Rules
- Compounds
- Formed
- Different Elements react
forming Chemical Bonds
- Forms a Compund
- Making Bonds involves taking
and sharing Electrons
- Forms a Compund
- Different Elements react
forming Chemical Bonds
- Bonding
- Ionic Bonding
- Occurs when metals and non-metals bond
- Consists of Ions
- Consists of Ions
- The metal loses Electrons
- Forms positive charge
- Forms positive charge
- The non-metal gains Electrons
- Forms negative charge
- Forms negative charge
- The opposite charge
causes the atoms to
be attracted
- Forms a compound
- E.g. NaCl
- Sodium Atom gives an
electron to Chlorine Atom
- Sodium Atom gives an
electron to Chlorine Atom
- E.g. NaCl
- Forms a compound
- Occurs when metals and non-metals bond
- Covalent Bonding
- Occurs when two non-metals bond
- Consists of Molecules
- Consists of Molecules
- Each Atom shares an Electron
- They have to share so
they can have a full
outer shell
- Must have enough
Covalent Bonds to do so
- E.g HCl
- The Hydrogen bonds with
the Chlorine by sharing an
Electron
- The Hydrogen bonds with
the Chlorine by sharing an
Electron
- E.g HCl
- Must have enough
Covalent Bonds to do so
- They have to share so
they can have a full
outer shell
- Occurs when two non-metals bond
- Ionic Bonding
- Formulas
- Carbon Dioxide
- 1 Carbon Atom
- 2 Oxygen Atoms
- 1 Carbon Atom
- Calcium Hydroxide
- 1 Calcium Atom
- 2 Oxygen Atoms &
2 Hydrogen Atoms
- These have brackets
around them, with a little
'2' next to it
- These have brackets
around them, with a little
'2' next to it
- 1 Calcium Atom
- Carbon Dioxide
- Formed
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