P3

Description

OCR 21st century physics Core science modules one, two and three.
Danial JabbarButt
Mind Map by Danial JabbarButt, updated more than 1 year ago More Less
anna.mat1997
Created by anna.mat1997 over 9 years ago
Danial JabbarButt
Copied by Danial JabbarButt over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

P3
  1. Electrical Energy
    1. Power is the rate of energy transfer
      1. Energy transferred=power x time
        1. Power=Voltage x Current
          1. Efficiency=energy usefully transferred/total energy supplied
          2. Sankey Diagrams
            1. Energyy is always conserved even if it's wasted
              1. Thickness of arrow represents amount
              2. Saving Energy
                1. Home
                  1. Hot water tank jacket
                    1. Double glazing
                      1. Energy saving bulbs
                        1. draught proofing
                          1. loft insulation
                        2. Turn unused appliances off
                    2. Public transport/car share/cycling/walking
                      1. Recycling
                    3. Energy Sources and Power Stations
                      1. non renewable fuels
                        1. Fossil fuels; coal, oil, natural gas
                          1. Nuclear fuels (uranium, plutonium)
                          2. Renewable fuels
                            1. wind
                              1. waves
                                1. Tides
                                  1. Hydroelectric
                                    1. Solar
                                  2. Biofuels
                                    1. Geothermal
                            2. Nuclear Energy
                              1. Release energy by splitting atoms
                                1. Heat evaporates water, steam drives turbine, generator converts kinetic energy into electricity
                                2. Biofuels, Geothermal and Hydroelectricity
                                  1. Biofuels are made from plant waste
                                    1. Geothermal energy is heat from underground
                                      1. Hydroelectricity uses dams to catch the rain
                                        1. Requires flooding a valley
                                      2. Generators and the National Grid
                                        1. Moving a magnet in a wire coil induces a voltage
                                          1. As you move the magnet through the coil the magnetic field in the coil changes and and induces a voltage and a current if the circuit is complete
                                          2. Energy is distributed via the national grid
                                            1. Distributed at a high voltage
                                              1. High current loses too much heat
                                          3. Comparison of energy resources
                                            1. Coal
                                              1. 36% effiicient
                                                1. 8000 million units produced/year
                                                  1. 920g CO2 per Unit
                                                    1. Site life- 50 years
                                                      1. Cost of energy-2.4-4.5p
                                                      2. Gas
                                                        1. 50% efficient
                                                          1. 5000 million units produced/year
                                                            1. 440g-CO2 per unit
                                                              1. Site life- 30 years
                                                                1. Cost of energy- 2-3p
                                                                2. Nuclear
                                                                  1. 38% efficient
                                                                    1. 7000 million units produced per year
                                                                      1. 110g- CO2 per unit
                                                                        1. Site life 25 years
                                                                          1. Cost per unit- 4-7p
                                                                          2. Wind
                                                                            1. 35% efficient
                                                                              1. 150 million units produced/year
                                                                                1. 0g -CO2 per unit
                                                                                  1. Site life 25 years
                                                                                    1. Cost per unit- 3-4p
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