11468344
Leila was
losing
weight
- her glands looked a bit swollen in her neck.
- she was always hungry & lost weight
- Cancer
- Eating disorders
- Malabsorption
- diabetes
- depression
- stress
- stress
- depression
- diabetes
- Malabsorption
- Eating disorders
- signs and symptoms of Hyperthyroidism
- Cancer
- Dr Kamal ordered a fullset of thyroid function tests (TFTs
- wrote on the lab slip his clinical diagnosis of hyperthyroidism
- He decided to order an antithyroid peroxidase (aTpo)test and a fullblood examination (FBE).
- they could then decide on the best management plan'
- relapsed, had to undergo thyroidectomy
- A thyroidectomy may be
recommended for
conditions such as:
- Thyroid cancer
- Noncancerous enlargement of the thyroid (goiter).
- Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism).
- Thyroid cancer
- Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism).
- A thyroidectomy may be
recommended for
conditions such as:
- Treatment
- relapsed, had to undergo thyroidectomy
- they could then decide on the best management plan'
- types
- Diffuse toxic goiters- Graves disease
- An immunoglobulin called
thyroid-stimulating immunoglobin
(TSI) found in the blood of all
patients; TSI binds to the TSH
receptor and induce TSH-like effects;
TSI effects persist longer than TSH
(up to 12 hrs vs. 1 hr respectively)
Plasma level of TSH is suppressed
due to the high level of thyroid
hormones
- females 20-40
- autoimmune
- autoimmune
- females 20-40
- Diagnosis
- Thyroid auto
antibodies
- TSH is deccreased &
free T4 is increased
- TSH is deccreased & free
T4 is increased
- TSH is deccreased &
free T4 is increased
- History taking
- Physical examination
- Thyroid auto
antibodies
- An immunoglobulin called
thyroid-stimulating immunoglobin
(TSI) found in the blood of all
patients; TSI binds to the TSH
receptor and induce TSH-like effects;
TSI effects persist longer than TSH
(up to 12 hrs vs. 1 hr respectively)
Plasma level of TSH is suppressed
due to the high level of thyroid
hormones
- Toxic Multinodular Goiters
- Thyroditis
- Thyroditis
- Pituitary Adenoma (TSHoma)
- causes
- Excessive iodine intake
- Abnormal secretion of TSH
- Excessive intake of thyroid hormones
- Thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland)
- Excessive iodine intake
- Diffuse toxic goiters- Graves disease
- He decided to order an antithyroid peroxidase (aTpo)test and a fullblood examination (FBE).
- TSH,T4 and T3
measurements
- thyroid auto-antibody and serum thyroglobulin
measurements, thyroid enzyme activities, biopsy of the
thyroid, ultrasound and isotopic thyroid scanning
- Autoantibodies : TSH receptor
autoantibody, Thyroglobulin
autoantibody, thyroid
peroxidase autoantibody
(more common in
hypothyroidism)
- Antigen presenting cell
presents TSH like antigen
activating naïve t cells which
activate B cells which
produce TSH like
autoantibodies
- Antigen presenting cell
presents TSH like antigen
activating naïve t cells which
activate B cells which
produce TSH like
autoantibodies
- Autoantibodies : TSH receptor
autoantibody, Thyroglobulin
autoantibody, thyroid
peroxidase autoantibody
(more common in
hypothyroidism)
- radioactive
iodine scan
- thyroid auto-antibody and serum thyroglobulin
measurements, thyroid enzyme activities, biopsy of the
thyroid, ultrasound and isotopic thyroid scanning
- wrote on the lab slip his clinical diagnosis of hyperthyroidism
- Anatomy of the thyroid gland
- Nerve supply
- Supplied by superior,
middle & inferior cervical
sympathetic ganglia.
- Fibers: Vasomotor & not
secreto-motor
- Fibers: Vasomotor & not
secreto-motor
- Supplied by superior,
middle & inferior cervical
sympathetic ganglia.
- lymphatics
- Upper part of the gland to
upper deep cervical nodes
via the prelaryngeal,
pretracheal &
paratracheal nodes.
- Lower part to lower deep
cervical nodes. The
lymphatic's form a
plexus & lymph can drain
in any direction.
- Upper part of the gland to
upper deep cervical nodes
via the prelaryngeal,
pretracheal &
paratracheal nodes.
- Nerve supply
- she was always hungry & lost weight
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