Activation of 7TM receptor (GCPR)

Flowchart nodes

• Step 1: Epinephrine binds 7TM receptor (aka GCPR)

• Activation of 7TM receptor (GCPR)

• Step 2: 7TM receptor changes shape

• Step 3: Heterotetramer of G protein breaks, thereby releasing free G-alpha subunit

• Step 4: Free G-alpha subunit releases GDP and binds GTP to become the G-alpha S complex

• Step 6: G-alpha S complex binds and activates adenyl cyclase

• Step 7: Adenyl cyclase converts many ATPs to cyclic AMPs (cAMPs)

• Step 8: cAMPs activate protein kinases

• Step 9: Signal amplification

• Step 10: Product is made

• Step 8: [cAMP] increases

• Step 9: Two cAMP molecules bind to each regulatory subunit of PKA

• Step 7d: Regulatory and catalytic subunits dissociate

• PKA = 2 reg subunits + 2 catalytic subunits

• Step 9: PKA phosphorylates Ser and Thr residues of other proteins

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