8886739
Description
Flashcards by Victoria Wright, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Victoria Wright
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What bugs are obligate intracellular? | Ricketttsia, Chlamydia, Coxiella. Rely on host ATP. |
| What is the mnemonic phrase to help you remember Obligate Intracellular bugs? | Stay inside (cells) when it is Really CHilly and COld. Ricketttsia, CHamydia, COxiella |
| What bugs are facultative intracellular? | Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia pestis |
| What is the mnemonic phrase to help you remember facultative intracellular? | Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia pestis |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Rickettsia | Obligate |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Chlamydia | Obligate |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Coxiella | Obligate |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Salmonella | Facultative |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Neisseria | Facultative |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Brucella | Facultative |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Mycobacterium | Facultative |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Listeria | Facultative |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Francisella | Facultative |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Legionella | Facultative |
| Is the following bug obligate intracellular or facultative intracellular? Yersinia pestis | Facultative |
| What are examples of encapsulated bacteria? | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Strepococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus, Influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and group B Strep |
| What is the mnemonic device to help you remember examples of encapsulated bacteria? | Please SHINE my SKiS Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Strepococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus, Influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and group B Strep |
| What to the capsules of encapsulated bacteria serve as? | Antiphagocytic virulence factor. |
| Encapsulated Bacteria Capsular polysaccharide + what serves as an antigen in vaccines? | Capsular polysaccharide + protein conjugate serves as an antigen in vaccines. |
| Encapsulated bacteria are opsonized and then cleared by what? | The spleen |
| Why do Asplenics increase risk for severe infections? What should be given? | Asplenics have low opsonizing ability and thus increase risk for sever infections. Give S pneumoniae, H influenzae, N meningitidis vaccines |
| Some encapsulated bacteria vaccines containing polysaccaride capsule antigens are conjugated to a carrier protein, enhancing what? How is it enhanced? | Enhancing immunogenicity by promoting T-cell activation and subsequent class switching. |
| True or False A polysaccharide antigen alone cannot be presented to T cells. | True |
| What vaccines are encapsulated bacteria vaccines? | Pneumococcal vaccine: PCV13 (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), PPSV23 (pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine with no conjugated protein) H influenzae type B (conjugate vaccine) Meningococcal vaccine (conjugate vaccine) |
| What are urease-positive organisms? | Proteus, Cryptococcus, H pylori, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S epidermidis, S saprophyticus. |
| What is the mnemonic device to help you remember urease-positive organisms? | Pee CHUNKSS Proteus, Cryptococcus, H pylori, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S epidermidis, S saprophyticus. |
| Urease hydrolyzes urea to release what? What does that lead to? | Urease hydrolyzes urea to release ammonia and CO2 which leads to increased pH. |
| Urease-positive organisms Predisposes to what? | Predisposes to struvite (ammonium magnesium phosphate) stones, particularly Proteus. |
| What are examples of catalase-positive organisms? | Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergilllus, Candida, E coli, Staphylococci, Serratia, B cepacia, H pylori |
| What is the mnemonic device to help you remember catalase-positive organisms? | Cats Need PLACESS to Belch their Hairballs |
| Catalase degrades H202 into what? | H2O and bubbles of O2 |
| Catalase degrades H2O2 into H2O and O2 before it can be converted to what? | Before it can be converted to microbicidal products. |
| Catalase degrades H2O2 into H2O and O2 before it can be converted to microbicidal products by what? | By the enzyme myeloperoxidase. |
| People with what have recurrent infections with certain catalase+ organisms? | Chronic Granulomatous Disease (NADPH oxidase deficiency) |
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