5198026
Description
Flashcards by daisy williams, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by daisy williams
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is an enzyme? | Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions. |
| What is a catalyst? | Something that speeds up a chemical reaction, and remains unchanged at the end of a reaction. They are known as biological catalysts. |
| What does the enzyme, Protease break down? | Protein |
| What does the enzyme Lipases break down? | Fats |
| What does the enzyme Amylases break down? | Starch |
| What does the enzyme Cellulases break down? | Cellulose fibers |
| What is stored starch in seeds broken down to by Amylase? | Maltose, during germination |
| Why do biological washing powders contain enzymes? | Because enzymes can work in low wash temperatures, and in alkaline conditions. |
| Why is Pectinase used to extract fruit juice? | By breaking down the pectin in the cell walls. |
| Why are Microorganisms used in the making of the antibiotic, penicillin? | Because they can reproduce quickly in the ideal conditions. |
| What happens when you increase the temperature of an enzyme-controlled reaction? | The rate of reaction reaches a maximum, which occurs at the optimum temperature. |
| Why is this? (Extended question) | Because the greater kinetic energy, causes greater collisions between enzyme and substrate molecules. |
| What is an active site? | The part of the enzyme molecule where the substrate binds with the enzyme, and the reaction takes place. |
| True or False: At higher temperatures the rate of reaction increases quickly until it stops acting as a catalyst. Explain your answer... | False At higher temperatures the rate of reaction DECREASES quickly, until it stops acting as a catalyst. |
| Why is this? (Extended question) | Because of a change in the shape of the active site, which means the substrate can no longer fit. |
| What has happened to the enzyme at this point? | It has denatured (By saying it has 'died' is wrong) |
| Most enzymes work best at one value of ...? 1) Temperature 2) pH 3) Concentration | pH |
| Why is this? (Extended question) | At some values of the pH, the shape of the active site changes so that the substrate molecules no longer fit. |
| What are all enzymes? 1) Starch molecules 2) Lipase molecules 3) Protein molecules | They are all protein molecules |
| where is protease produced | the stomach, pancreas and small intestine |
| what is the job of bile | to neutralise the hydrochloric acid produced in the stomach |
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