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| Question | Answer |
| Nominal stress | Force acts normal to object Nominal stress = Force/Original Area |
| Types of deformation | Elastic (apparent only whist load is applied) Plastic (permanently deformed) |
| Yield/proof strength | transition point from elastic to plastic deformation - 0.2% plastic deformation! |
| Brittle characteristics | - fail at end of elastic deformation - britility changes with temperature |
| Hardness | resistance to PERMANENT deformation tested using small steel ball, pressed into material (indent size measured) |
| Fatigue testing | Use fluctuating and reversing loads |
| Creep testing | A creep test involves a tensile specimen under a constant load maintained at a constant temperature. Measurements of strain are then recorded over a period of time. |
| Modulus of Elasticity | Measure of stiffness E = Stress/Strain |
| Proportional Limit | Linear stress/strain relationship no longer holds |
| Endurance limit | value of stress reversal beneath which a material won't fail - approx. 50% of tensile strength of material! |
| SN curve | magnitude of stress / number of cycles to failure |
| Impact test requirements | notched bar (Izod, Charpy) |
| Impact test graph labels | Brittle - brittle/ductile transition - ductile Temperature; energy |
| Tensile strength (formula) | Max. force/ Original area |
| Second stage (creep test) | Majority of deformation; linear; "creep rate" |
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