Test flash cards (half finished)

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Flashcards on Test flash cards (half finished), created by Jennifer Trier on 22/02/2016.
Jennifer Trier
Flashcards by Jennifer Trier, updated more than 1 year ago
Jennifer Trier
Created by Jennifer Trier over 8 years ago
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Question Answer
When a clot is no longer needed; FIBRIN is dissolved by Plasmin
Cessation of bleeding hemostasis
A total count above______wbcs/microliter is called leukocytosis 10,000
Leukopoiesis begins with the differentiation of Pluripotent stem cells (ppsc)
The differential count of ____ typically increases in response to bacterial infections Neutrophils (neutralize bacteria)
The most abundant agranulocytes lymphocytes
Basophils the least abundant formed elements
Why can't ab- donate blood? antibodies in recipient will agglutinate RBCs in/of donor blood.
ABO blood type is determined by______in the plasma membrane of RBCs glycolipids
Mother;s 1st pregnancy is normal but 2nd preg results in hemolytic disease of the newborn, or erythroblasts fetalis. 2nd child needed a transfusion to completely replace the agglutinating blood. The mother is ___ and both children are likely_____ rh- and rh+
A deficiency of ___ can cause pernicious anemia Vitamin b12
What is the final product of the breakdown of the organinc non protein moiety of hemoglobin bilirubin
___is more likely to cause anemia than any of the other factors Renal disease
this cannot lead to polycythemia Iron deficiency
Many RBCs die in spleen and liver
Most oxygen is transported bound to heme groups in hemoglobin
myeloid hemopoesis in adults happens in the red bone marrow
Tissues can become edematous when there's a dietary protein deficiency
serum is just like plasma except the absense of fibrinogen
_____ would not decrease colloid osmotic pressure A diet predominantly based on red meat
___ is the most abundant protein in plasma Albumin
The hematocrit is ____ of total blood volume 37-52%
Even a small quantity of hormone can have a strong effect on it's target cell because of__________ Enzyme amplification
enzymes are activated of deactivated by the action of protein kinases The last step in the sequence of events happening when cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger
Diabetes insipidus is caused by ADH hyposecretion
The ____ secretes a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia Parathyroid
_____ Release their secretions into the blood Endocrine glands
____ are secreted by one cell into the tissue fluid, diffuse to nearby cells in the same tissue and stimulate their physiology Paracrines
The presence of a receptor for that particular hormone What makes the cell responsive to a particular hormone?
Thyrotropin- releasing hormone targets the______________? Anterior- pituitary (adenohypophysis)
ADH(anti-diuretic hormone) targets the? Kidneys
The ___ secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of the lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T CELLS (WBCs) Thymus
The ____ secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate, promotes alertness and quickens reflexes- stimulates the fetal nervous system. Thyroid
Most strokes and heart attacks are caused by the abnormal clotting of blood in an unbroken vessel. Moreover a piece of the _______(clot) may break loose and begin to travel in the bloodstream as a _____ Thrombus; embolus
Most clotting factors are synthesized in The liver
_____carry O2-poor blood Venae Cavae and pulmonary arteries
_____is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart Parietal pericardium
O2 poor blood passes through The right AV (tricuspid) valve and pulmonary valve
Opening and closing of the heart valves is caused by Pressure gradients
The _____ is the pacemaker that initiates each heart beat. Sinoatrial (SA) node
The pacemaker potential is a result of Na+ inflow
The plateau in the action potential of cardiac muscle results from the action of Slow Ca2+ Channels
Any abnormal cardiac rhythm is called arrhythmia
If the SA node is damaged the heart will likely beat at____bpm 40-50
The_____ provides most of the CA2+ needed for myocardial contraction sarcosplasmic reticulum
Atrial Systole begins Immediately after the P wave
Atrial Depolarization CAUSES The P Wave
The long absolute refractory period of cardiocytes Prevents tetanus
When the left ventricle contracts, the ___ valve closes and the ___ is pushed open mitral; aortic
During isovolumetric contraction, the pressure in the ventricles rises rapidly
Most of the ventricle filling occurs during atrial diastole
The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute is called____ The cardiac output
Cardio-inhibitory centers in the _______ receive input from ______ Medulla oblongata; chemoreceptors in the aortic arch
CHF in the right ventricle causes systemic edema
Pericardial fluid is found between the parietal and visceral membranes
the outermost wall of an artery or vein is called the ___ and in large arteries and veins contains the tunica externa; vaso vasorum
Most blood is in the veins
These are not possible circulatory routes heart->arteries->capillary bed->vein-> capillary bed ->arteries ->heart
Vasomotion is assoiated with the presence of smooth muscle in the tunica media
In people who stand for long periods, blood tends to pool in the lower limbs and this may result in varicose veins. Varicose veins are caused by failure of veinous valves
The medulliary ischemic reflex results in increased circulation in the brain
_____has the most important effect on blood velocity Vessel Radius
Reactive Hyperemia is a result of _____to increase perfusion into a tissue local control
All of these increase blood pressure except Atrial natriuretic peptide
Hypertension is commonly considered to be a chronic resting blood pressure higher than; 140/90
____ are powerful vasoconstrictors and ___also increases heart rate epinephrine and angiotensin II
These are all mechanisms of movement through the capillary wall except secretion
The most important force driving filtration at the arterial end of a capillary is Blood hydrostatic pressure
_____ by the capillaries at their venous end Waste products are taken up
The most important force driving reabsorption at the venous end of a capillary is blood colloid osmotic pressure
______ would NOT increase capillary filtration Dehydration
_____ shock can be produced by a hemorrhage, severe burns, or dehydration hypovolemic
_____ shock occurs when bacterial toxins trigger vasodilation and increase capillary permeability Septic
A bee sting can trigger a massive release of histamine, which causes ____and a ____ in arterial blood pressure. vasodilation;decrease
myocardial infarction can lead to ______ shock cardiogenic
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