4006104
Description
Flashcards by Jordyn Niu , updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jordyn Niu
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Atom | a fundamental building block with a cluster of protons + neutrons inside the nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons |
| Proton | A positively charged particle |
| Neutron | A particle which has no overall charge |
| Electron | A negatively charged particle |
| nucleus | A cluster of protons + neutrons at the center of an atom |
| Electron shell | A layer that surrounds the nucleus |
| electron configuration | How many electrons which are contained within each layer that surrounds the nucleus |
| mass number | The number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| atomic number | Number of protons in the nucleus |
| element | A substance made up of only one type of atom |
| compound | Made up of 2 or more elements |
| Isotope | When you have the same amount of protons in the nucleus but a different amount of neutrons |
| Ion | an atom that has lost electrons |
| Cation | A positively charged ion |
| Anion | A negatively charged ion |
| Ionic bonding | A bond between a cation and an anion, their opposite charges causes a attraction towards each other |
| ionic compound | A compound made up of cations and anions |
| Acid | Releases H+ ions into an aqeuous solution |
| Base | Releases OH- ions |
| Alkaline | A base that dissolves in water |
| pH scale | Used to measure the acidity in a solution |
| pH indicator | Changes colour to show you if a solution is acidic, neutral or basic |
| Neutral pH | not an acid or base, an example of something that would appear neutral on the pH scale is water |
| Endothermic | Absorbs energy |
| Exothermic | Releases energy |
| Combustion | Reaction with oxygen, releases energy in the form of light and/or heat |
| Complete combustion | Plenty of oxygen, produces carbon dioxide and water vapour |
| incomplete combustion | Lack of oxygen, produces carbon and carbon monoxide |
| Corrosion | Break down of metals |
| Aerobic respiration | A reaction that uses oxygen to release energy stored in glucose |
| Photosynthesis | Endothermic reaction - occurs in plants produces oxygen gas + glucose |
| Reactants and products | Reactants are always written on the left hand side and products are always written on the right hand side |
| How do you work out the atomic mass? | Protons + Neutrons |
| How do you work out the neutrons | Atomic mass - protons |
| How to work out the electrons | Same amount as the protons |
| Atomic number | The number the element is on the periodic table |
| When an ion gains electrons the charge becomes? | Negative |
| When an ion loses electrons the charge becomes? | Positive |
| Which of the proton, neutron and electron is the smallest? | Electron |
| Which of the proton, neutron and electron is the heaviest? | Proton |
| Which of the proton, neutron and electron is positive? | Proton |
| Which of the proton, neutron and electron is negative | Electron |
| Which of the proton, neutron and electron is neutral? | Neutron |
| Which of the proton, neutron and electron moves around the nucleus | Electron |
| Which of the proton, neutron and electron are in the nucleus? | Protons and neutrons |
| What can be said about the number of protons and electrons in an atom? Why? | They are equal because there is an even amount of electrons and protons in an atom therefore making it balanced |
| An atom has 8 protons, 8 electrons and 9 neutrons. What would it's atomic number and mass number be? | The atomic number would be 8 and the mass 17 |
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