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Description
Flashcards by Ronan Kavanagh, updated 7 months ago
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Created by Ronan Kavanagh
8 months ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How can digitisation and datafication negatively impact privacy protection? (2) | 1. Higher VOLUME of information is harder for individuals to track 2. Higher VELOCITY of information means data changes hands quickly |
| Describe two potential consequences that can arise from a lack of privacy. (2) | 1. Discriminatory profiling (race, age, gender etc.) 2. Surveillance and tracking 3. Loss of control 4. Paranoia and anxiety from being constantly watched |
| How can a loss of privacy affect someone's ability to control their life? (2) | 1. Punishment for perceived "bad behavior" 2. Paranoia of being watched leads to altered behavior even when not observed |
| Explain the three C's healthy online privacy should be based on. (3) | 1. Choice - Decision on what, when and where to share 2. Consent - Informed and full understanding of how may data be used 3. Context - Assurance that the data is only used in the consented / chosen way |
| Why can differing standards of "acceptable use" increase risk of data misuse? (3) | 1. Data is shared across countries and the world 2. Different areas may have different standards of use 3. Your data is only as safe as the weakest link |
| Name the three A's of Big Data to be concerned with according to Lyon (2014). (3) | 1. Automation 2. Anticipation 3. Adaption |
| According to Lyon (2014), how does automation in Big Data support surveillance? (3) | 1. Cost effective 2. Surveillance becomes routine 3. People begin self-regulating from fear of being watched |
| According to Lyon (2014), what concerns are there surrounding anticipation in Big Data? (2) | 1. Decisions increasingly being made by algorithms that may discriminate unfairly 2. Mistakes can be made, difficult to fix with little human intervention |
| According to Lyon (2014), what is adaption in Big Data and why is it concerning? | 1. Process of private sector practices being adapted into the public sector 2. Concern: Private sector ethics may not be ethical when applied to the public |
| Traditionally, what steps of the research process is ethics applied to? (5) | 1. Design 2. Data collection 3. Data analysis 4. Report of findings 5. Publication |
| Besides the three C's, describe two other factors required for ethical research on people or animals. (2) | 1. Power relations - are not abused 2. No harm - to participants 3. Anonymity / Confidentiality (if possible) 4. Concealment and deception - are not used 5. Honesty and integrity |
| Describe some power relations that appear in research. (3) | 1. Researcher - Data providers 2. Rich and poor research centers 3. Digital divides 4. Researcher - subject |
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