37200453
Description
Flashcards by Kara Biczykowski, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kara Biczykowski
over 2 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 1) 1st step in planning a sustainable project is a site strategy that: 2) locate sites where a bldg can make use of existing: 3) don't develop sites designated as: | 1) avoids disturbing the natural site little as possible, min. bldg footprint, pkg, respects topo & climate cond's 2) community services, public transportation, utilities, ped. paths 3) prime farmland, in or w/in 100ft of floodplains, threatened species habitat, or previously public park land |
| 1) what is potable water 2) what is rainwater 3) what is graywater 4) what is blackwater | 1) water treated to be suitable for drinking 2) natural precipitation that falls on site 3) wastewater not from toilets, but sinks, showers, bathtubs, washing machines 4) contains toilet/urinal waste, some jurisdictions also classify kitchen sinks & laundry facilities b/c of detergents & oth contaminants |
| 1) how is water type separated? 2) some jurisdictions allow rainwater & graywater, after filtration, to be used for: 3) what should be done 1st in managing water on a site & during/ after const.? | 1) all should ideally be separated, at a min potable water separated 2) irrigation, flushing toilets, fluid in a heat exchanger (blackwater less feasible-req's more treatment $) 3) protect existing watersheds |
| UNPROTECTED WATERSHEDS CAUSE: 1) increased load on storm sewers 2) increased potential for flooding 3) pollution of waterways w/ sediment, salts, petroleum, fertilizers, heavy mtls, pathogenic bacteria | 4) erosion of sites & waterways 5) erosion of stream banks 6) accelerated soil creep or landslides 7) stream warming 8) loss of aquatic biodiversity |
| 1) all development sites need a "stormwater mgmt plan" which is: 2) what can ctrl erosion & sediment on a const. site? 3) a few common methods to utilize natural filtration of soils/ plants are: | 1) practices designed to reduce stormwater runoff pollutant loads, discharge volumes, & peak flow discharge rates 2) silt fences, sediment traps/ basins, vegetated buffer strips, hay bales 3) pervious paving, constructed wetlands, grass-lined swales |
| 1) if local reg's allow, what can rainwater collection be used for & it's benefits? 2) a rainwater collection system includes: 3) if a roof is the catchment area, what slope is best? | 1) irrigation & flushing toilets, reduces amt of site runoff which lowers burden on storm sewer 2) water collection system (like gutters & downspouts), storage cistern, water distribution system 3) steep slopes to shed water quickly & don't collect dust/debris |
| 1) if a roof is the catchment area, what material is best? 2) 1in. of rain yields how much rainwater per SF of catchment area? 3) calc amt of rainwater available by multiplying catchment area by: | 1) mat. to min. contamination of water so expoxy-coated mtl, clay or slate tiles, new concrete tile b/c old can contain asbestos, avoid asphalt & treated wood shingles 2) 0.6 gal 3) avg annual rainfall & by factor of 75% (0.75) x 0.6gal/in-ft2 to get it in gallons |
| 1) if graywater is used to preheat potable water, what's the advg? 2) ^heat recovery systems are best for bldgs like: 3) b/c blackwater recycling req's more treatment, it's gen. not: | 1) reduce energy demand, increase availability of hot water, downsize heated water storage, lower energy costs 2) restaurants, laundries, apt's, arenas that have large domestic hot water needs 3) cost effective except on very large scale |
| 1) best way to reduce water use is w/ 2) Energy Policy Act of 2005 via EPA governs: 3) a Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) is important for LEED & is a method of: | 1) low-flow fixtures - toilets, faucets, showerheads 2) how much water plumbing fixtures can use - ex toilet max is 1.6gal in US 3) evaluating the enviro impact of using a mat. or product in a bldg |
| 4 PHASES OF LCA 1) define goals & scope of the study - so alt's can be compared & framework for data collection be developed 2) perform inventory analysis - quantifying all in/outputs of studied mat. like energy req'd for raw mat.'s, transportation, pollution, waste disposal, recyclability | 3) perform impact assessment - determines how enviro is affect from inventory analysis like resource depletion, pollution, health, social welfare 4) perform improvement analysis & report results of the study - suggests ways to improve enviro impact of raw mat.'s, energy, processing to make product or construct |
| 1) what are the 4 main stages in a product's life cycle? | 1) raw mat. acquisition, manufacturing, use & maintenance, & disposal |
| 1) life cycle inventory model diagram ^inputs for energy typ Bth or megajoules, raw mat. in lbs or kilos, water in gal or liters / outputs typ by weight in lbs or kilos | |
| 1) in a "whole-bldg life-cycle assessment" the bldg is modeled as base case (typ const. practices) & design case (bldg's actual const. method) & to receive LEED credit: | 1) design case must outperform base case in 3/6 categories: global warming, ozone layer depletion, acidification, eutrophication, formation of ground-level ozone, depletion of non-renewable energy resources *can't be X>5% worse than base in any cat. & design>10% min than base in global warming |
| 1) acidification is the generation of waste mat.'s that can: 2) eutrophication is the formation of excessive nutrients in a body of water that: | 1) lower the pH or surrounding waterways or soil, 7=neutral, pH>7=acid, pH<7=base 2) promotes increased algae growth - algae block sunlight into water = less oxygen production & loss of aquatic life |
| *stop notes at pg 13-8, reread text for review |
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