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| Question | Answer |
| 5 elements of Tuina | 1. permanence 2. softness 3. deep and thorough 4. forceful 5. eveness |
| permanence | constant pressure for a certain period of time |
| softness | manipulation should not be rough and hard |
| evenness | rhythmical with the same pressure throughout |
| forcefulness | manipulation strength should be strong but altered depending on the client |
| deep and thorough | certain force must be met in order for therapeutic values to be felt |
| What is tuina? | -therapeutic massage -acupoint and meridian therapy -restores balance in the body/organs -can tonify, remove blockages along meridans, and reduce stagnation -an external therapy -has a diagnostic function |
| Tonifying manipulation along a meridian | Clockwise *Counterclockwise at the abdomen |
| Purging manipulation along a meridian | Counterclockwise *Clockwise at abdomen |
| Acting Principles of Tuina | - regulate yin and yang - regulate the function of the channels, collaterals, qi and blood - recovery function of tendons, bones and joints - tonification and reduction |
| Tuina contraindications | - broken bones - major infections - cancer patients - skin issues (bruises, burns etc) - pregnant women (abdomen and certain points) - avoid patients who haven't eaten or post-sports |
| an fa pressing method | using: thumb, root of palm or tip of elbow direction: pressing vertically force: steady, continuous procedure: light, heavy, light pressure duration: 1-2 seconds |
| ya fa suppressing technique | using: thumb, root of palm or tip of elbow direction: pressing vertically force: steady, continuous, more force procedure: light, heavy, light pressure duration: 10-30 seconds |
| na fa grasping manipulation | using: 3 or 5 straight fingers, wrist relaxed direction: pinching motion force: continuous, avoid slipping procedure: light, heavy, light pressure duration: 10-30 seconds |
| clinical application: an fa and na fa | -headache -insomnia -numbness of limbs -bi syndrome -epigastralgia |
| clinical applications: ya fa | -stiff neck -bi syndrome -headache -chronic pain (tendons/muscles) |
| gun fa rolling manipulation | using: hollow fist force: forward 3:1 backward direction: rolling procedure: wrist flexes and extends 120°, keep hand anchored at a point duration: 120 times per minute |
| rou fa kneading manipulation | using: fingers or palm force: light/soft/slow but deep/thorough direction: small rotations while pressing procedure: operating hand is fixed duration: |
| mo fa rubbing manipulation | using: fingers or palm direction: circular rotations force: lightly and slowly (invigorate) quick rubbing (purge) procedure: rhythmic, using elbow as pivot *cream or oil often used duration: 110-112 x per minute |
| clinical application: gun fa | -relaxing muscles/tendons -expelling pathogenic wind and cold -warming the channel -expelling pathogenic dampness - promoting circulation to remove blood stasis -relieving spasm and pain |
| clinical application: rou fa | -soothes chest oppression -regulate flow of qi -strengthen SP, regulate ST -promote circulation (rid blood stasis) -reduce swelling and pain -expel pathogenic wind and cold -promote flow of qi (warm the channel) -tranquilize the mind -relieve convulsion |
| clinical application: mo fa | -cold deficiency in middle jiao -borborygmus/abdominal pain -oppressed chest w/ qi stagnation -pain in the hypchondrium -constipation/diarrhea -digestive disorders -circulatory and muscular issue |
| ca fa scrubbing technique | using: palm, minor-thenar, major-thenar direction: long straight lines force: even and moderate procedure: quick scrubbing, back and forth to warm the skin *cream or oil often used duration: 110-112 x per minute |
| clinical application: ca fa | -chest oppression (regulation of qi) -warming channel (relieving pain) -expels pathogenic wind and cold -relieves swelling -removes obstruction from channel -promote flow of qi and blood -relieve arthralgia -remove dampness |
| tui fa pushing methods (5 sub-methods) | -exerting form w/ fingers or palm in 1 direction only ping tui fa - flat pushing zhi tui fa - straight pushing xuan tui fa - spiral pushing fen tui fa - parting pushing he tui fa - coalescent pushing |
| ping tui fa flat pushing method | using: palm direction: one direction only force: deep and slow procedure: exert force on the affected area or acupoint in long singular strokes *cream or oil often used duration: 5 minutes |
| zhi tui fa straight pushing method | using: fingers or thumb direction: one direction only force: deep and slow procedure: exert force on the affected area or acupoint in long singular strokes *cream or oil often used duration: 5 minutes |
| xuan tui fa spiral pushing method | using: fingers application: face/head direction: one direction only force: deep and slow procedure: exert force on the affected area or acupoint in long singular strokes *cream or oil often used duration: 5 minutes |
| fen tui fa parting pushing method | using: palms, fingers application: chest, back direction: moving from centre line out force: deep and slow procedure: exert force on the affected area or acupoint in long singular strokes *cream or oil often used duration: 5 minutes |
| he tui fa coalescent pushing method | using: palm application: back, chest direction: moving from outside to in force: deep and slow procedure: exert force on the affected area or acupoint in long singular strokes *cream or oil often used duration: 5 minutes |
| clinical application: tui fa | -chest pain -distention and gastric pain -qi stagnation in LIV channel -KID deficiency, lower back pain -blood stasis - qi deficiency -along the affected meridian |
| cuo fa palm twisting method | using: two palms facing each other direction: rolling, back and forth force: symmetrical procedure: rapid rolling motion, up and down area: arms, legs, hypochondrium supplementary technique |
| clinical application: cuo fa | -supplementary manipulation -ending technique -regulates qi, blood and tissues -relaxing muscles and tendons -removes obstructions along meridian |
| nian fa finger twisting | using: thumb and forefinger direction: rolling back and forth force: even and moderate procedure: pinching kneading symmetrically twisting up and down area: fingers or toes supplementry manipulation |
| clinical application: nian fa | -lubricating joints -subdues swelling -alleiviates pain -relaxes muscles and tendons -promotes circulation |
| zhen fa vibrating manipulation | using: finger or palm direction: pressing straight down procedure: vibrating the surface of the skin *uses practitioners own qi, high mental concentration needed area: where needed **not often used |
| clinical application: zhen fa | -tranquillizes and allaying excitement -improve vision and intelligence -warms middle jiao -regulates flow of qi -insomnia, amnesia, anxiety |
| dou fa shaking method | using: holding with 2 hands direction: up/down, back/forth procedure: quick shaking area: arms, legs supplementry manipulation follows palm twisting |
| clinical manipulation: dou fa | -ending maniupulation -regulates qi/blood and tissues -relaxing muscles |
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