223785
Description
Flashcards by eimearkelly3, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by eimearkelly3
about 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Particles in solids | Tightly bound - fixed volume, fixed shape |
| Percentage increase in volume when a solid becomes a liquid | between 5% and 30% |
| Particles in liquids | Slip and slide past eachother - fixed volume, no fixed shape |
| Particles in gases | Relatively free from each other - no fixed volume, no fixed shape (can be compressed) |
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Solid |
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Liquid |
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Gas |
| Diffusion | The spontaneous spreading out of a substance due to the natural movement of its particles. |
| Boyles law | At constant temperature, the volume of a given mass of any gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas |
| Charles law | At a constant pressure, a volume of a given mass of any gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature |
| Gay Lussacs law | When gases react, the volumes consumed in the reaction bear a simple whole number ratio to each other, and to the volumes of any gaseous products of the reaction, all volumes being measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure |
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Boyles law (At a constant temperaturet,the volume of a given mass of any gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas) |
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Charles law (At a constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of any gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature) |
| Avogadro's law | Equal volumes of gases, under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, contain equal numbers of molecules. |
| A mole of a substance | The amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms of C-12 in 12g of C-12. |
| Relative molecular mass | The average mass of a molecule of the substance relative to 1/12th the mass of an atom of C-12 |
| Molar mass | The mass in grams of one mole of a substance |
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The combined gas law |
| The kinetic theory of gases - spaces between gas particles -forces between particles -motion -kinetic energy -energy | Diameters of particles are negligible in comparison to the spaces between them No attractive or repulsive forces between particles In constant rapid motion colliding with each other and with the walls of their container The average kinetic energy is proportional to the Kelvin temperature Collisions are perfectly elastic (no energy loss - rebound with the same speed) |
| When is the kinetic theory completely valid? | ideal gases |
| Ideal gas | Perfectly obeys all gas laws under all conditions of temperature and pressure |
| When does the behaviour of real gases deviate most from that of an ideal gas? | Under conditions of low temperature and high pressure (diameters not negligible compared to the spaces between them, attractive forces exist) |
| Volatile liquid | A liquid that is easily vapourised |
| Equation of state for an ideal gas | PV=nRT |
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