2142818
Description
| Question | Answer |
| What is a compound? | A substance in which two atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined. |
| What does chemical bonding involve? | Either transferring or sharing electrons in the highest occupied energy levels (shells). |
| What does chemical bonding achieve? | The electronic structure of a noble gas |
| When atoms form chemical bonds, what do they form? | IONS |
| What happens when an atom looses an electron? | It becomes positively charged. |
| What happens when an atom gains an electron? | It becomes negatively charged |
| What to metal atoms form? | Positive ions. |
| What do non-metal ions form? | Negative ions. |
| What is an ionic bond? | The strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. |
| How would you work out how many charges an ion should have? | - When it's a metal ion the charge is equal to the group number of the metal. - When it's a non-metal the charge is equal to the group number minus 8. |
| Draw a lithium atom becoming positive. (Li 2,1) |
Image:
diag_lithium.gif (image/gif)
|
| Draw a fluorine atom becoming negative. (F 2,7) | |
| What is an ionic compound? | When metals and non-metals share electrons forming ions. A giant structure of ions. |
| What are the group one elements called and what do they form when reacting with non-metals? | Alkali metals. They form an ionic compound with a single positive charge. |
| What are the elements in group 7 called and what do they form when they react with metals? | Hallogens. They form ionic compounds with a single negative charge. |
| When atoms share pairs of electrons, what do they form? | Covalent bonds. |
| What do metals consist of in structure and bonding? | Giant structures of atoms arranged in a regular pattern. |
| What happen to the electrons in the highest occupied energy levels (shells) of metal atoms? | They are delocalised and so move freely through the whole structure. This corresponds to a structure of positive ions with electrons between ions holding them together by strong electrostatic connections. |
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