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Description
Flashcards by Czean Holgado, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Czean Holgado
almost 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Why do we warm up? | -to prepare the body physiologically and psychologically -reduce the risk of injury -delay fatigue |
| What is a response? | -body changing to meet the demands of physical activity e.g increased HR - this only lasts as long as the duration of the activity |
| What is an adaptation? | -After an extended period of training, the body systems change to meet the demands placed upon it e.g lower resting HR due to cardiac hypertrophy |
| What are the benefits of a warm up to the skeletal system? | -Skeletal flexibility improves the range of motion possible at a joint or series of articulation. -Synovial fluid production increases - this provides the articular surfaces with nutrients and oxygen, thus reducing friction between joints |
| What are the benefits of a warm up to the muscular system? | -faster speed of contraction and relaxation of the muscle fibres due to an increase in muscle temperature -increase in speed and strength of contraction due to an increase in enzyme activity in warmer muscle fibres -faster speed of contraction due to increased speed of nerve transmission to the muscle -greater strength of contraction due to improved elasticity of muscle fibres -reduced risk of injury due to an increase in blood flow and oxygen to muscles -Prepares tendons to improve the stability and contractile activity of skeletal muscles |
| What are the responses of the cardiac system to exercises? | -increase in HR -increase in stroke volume -increased cardiac output |
| What is the equation to find cardiac output? | HR x SV = Q (cardiac output) |
| What are the respiratory responses to exercise? | -increase in rate and depth of breathing -increase in tidal volume (volume of air taken in per breath) -increase in minute ventilation (volume of air taken in per minute) |
| What is the equation for minute ventilation? | TV x BR = MV |
| What are the responses of the circulatory system to exercise? | -increased cardiac output -increased venus return (volume of blood returning to the heart per minute) -vascular shunt process |
| What should a warm up be? | -Warm ups should be specific to the activity and include exercises which prepare the muscles to be used and progressively activate the energy systems required for that activity. -FUN |
| Name the 4 stages of a warm up in chronological order. | -Initial Preparation -Injury Prevention -Skills Practice -Sports Specific Exercises |
| What are the aims of initial preparation? | -release of adrenaline -heat generation -dilation of blood vessels -increased ventilation, which speeds up oxygen delivery. |
| What does injury prevention consist of? | -A range of stretches specific to the performer and activity - such as active static stretches, dynamic stretches, ballistic stretches. |
| What is skills practice? Give a sporting example. | -activity that increases speed of reactions e.g sprints, footwork practice, high knees -A netball player may complete a small run around the court, with varying pace and direction. |
| What are Sport Specific Exercises? | -These are activities performed at match intensity, or with specific equipment and set plays. E.g a tennis player may practise all their strokes and serves |
| What are the benefits to doing sport-specific exercises-? | -confidence is developed -performance is aided - simulates game situations. |
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