13912200
Description
Flashcards by Fatin Nabilah Roslaile, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Fatin Nabilah Roslaile
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Overpredictions for initial concentrations | inaccurate history of dose innacurate time interval |
| Overprediction for initial concentrations | -Early sampling with minimal time for product dissolution and absorption to occur -low absorption (positive outcomes from gastric emptying events) -delayed/incomplete absorption (poorly water soluble products) |
| Underpredictions for initial concentrations | -Inaccurate history of dose (historical data low dose) -inaccurate time interval (historical data too long) -alterations in absorption (dose dumping of sustained release dosage forms) -early sampling during distribution phase, but Cp is calculated using post-distribution Vd |
| Underpredictions for subsequent concentrations | -alterations in absorption (dose-dumping of sustained release dosage forms) -Bezoar dissolution endogenous metabolism and/or elimination is slower than known population values -calculated patient-specific Ke was predistribution not during true elimination -ineffective decontamination or elimination-enhancement therapies, and/or unaccounted new administration |
| How to reduce toxicity? | 1. prevent absorption 2. Antidotes 3. Enhanced elimination |
| Examples of Preventing absorption | Emesis, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, whole bowel irrigation |
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