Transition Elements 3 - Ligand Substitution

Question	Answer
How to generate [Cu(H2O)6]2+?	CuSO4 + 6H2O
Reaction of Copper with excess ammonia	[Cu(H2O)6]2+ -> Cu(OH)2 -> [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+
Colour changes	Pale blue -> blue -> deep blue
Cu with excess HCl	[Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4 Cl-(aq) <-> [CuCl4]2- (aq) + 6H2O (aq) IN EQUILIBRIUM!
Colour changes	Pale blue --> Green IM --> Yellow
Why only 4 Cl-?	As they're larger in size than water ligands, can only nestle this many around central metal ion.
Generating [Cr(H2O)6]2+	Chrome alum dissolved in water
Colour of solution is	Pale purple
What happens when Chromium(III) Sulfate is dissolved in water?	Green solution of [CR(H2O)5SO4]+ is formed
What do the two solutions have in common?	Generate Cr3+ ions
Reaction of [Cr(H2O)6]3+ with excess ammonia (3)	[Cr(H2O)6]3+(Aq) + 6 NH3(aq) -> Cr(OH)3(s) -> [Cr(NH3)6]3+(aq) + 6 H2O (l)
Colour changes	pale purple -> grey-green -> purple
What is the compound called that forms when CO binds to Hb?	Carboxyhaemoglobin
What ppt form complex ions?	Those of transition metal ions that disolve in excess NaOH or NH3
Which compounds form ppt that DONT react with excess NaOH?	Cu2+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Mn2+
Cu2+ + NaOH Colour change	Cu2+ + 2OH- -> Cu(OH)2 (s) Blue solution --> Blue ppt
Fe2+ colour	Pale green
Fe(OH)2 colour	Green
Fe3+ colour	pale yellow
Fe(OH)3 colour	orange-brown
Mn2+ colour	Pale pink
Mn(OH)2 colour	light brown
Reactions w/ excess ammonia	Fe2+/Fe3+/Mn2+ react in the same way they do w/ NaOH Cr3+ and Cu2+ are the ones that are further soluble to excess NH3

Resource summary

	Created by I Shouldn't be awake about 6 years ago