11779379
Description
Flashcards by Christine K, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Christine K
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Miosis | miOsis = pinpOint pupils |
| Mydriasis | myDriasis = Dilated pupils |
| Common causes of miosis | COPS: Cholinergics, clonidine Opiates, organophosphates Phencyclidine, phenothiazine, pilocarpine Sedatives (barbiturates) |
| Common causes of mydriasis | AAS: Anticholinergics (atropine) Antihistamines Sympathomimetics (amphetamine, cocaine, LSD, MDMA) |
| Initial Management of all poisonings | ABCDs: Airway and antidotes, breathing, circulation, disability/decontamination - consider glucose and EKG |
| PE of carbon monoxide poisoning |
cherry red skin discoloration
Image:
Cocherryred (image/jpeg)
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| PE of methemoglobinemia or hypoxemia |
cyanosis; results from OD of medications
Tx: O2 and methylene blue
Image:
Paul Karason (image/jpeg)
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| Anticholinergic poisoning | Dry as a bone Red as a beet hot as a hare blind as a bat mad as a hatter; tachycardia, HTN, coma, Seizures |
| Toxidromes |
Image:
Toxidromes2 (image/jpeg)
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| Cholinergic Poisoning: muscarinic signs | DUMBELS: Defecation Urination Miosis Bronchorrhea/spasm/bradycardia Emesis Lacrimation Salivation |
| Cholinergic poisonings: nicotinic signs | Classic agents: insecticides (organophosphates/carbamate) and nicotine - muscle weakness, fasciculations, paralysis, CNS effects (respiratory depression, seizures, lethargy, coma), bradycardia |
| Opioid Poisoning | CNS depression, miosis, respiratory depression/apnea, bradycardia, hypotension. Clonidine can mimic these sx |
| Sympathomimetic poisoning | agitation, tremors, hallucinations, seizures, tachycardia, HTN, mydriasis, diaphoresis |
| Prolonged QRS | Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning |
| Elevated serum osmolal gap (greater than 10) (Calculates expected serum osmolarity, for comparison to measured osmolarity to detect unmeasured compounds in the serum: (2 x Na) + glucose + urea | Toxic alcohol ingestion |
| High Anion Gap | MUDPILES: methanol, uremia, DKA, phenols, iron, INH, ethanol, ethylene glycol, salicylates |
| Radiopaque on Xray | CHIPES: chloral hydrate, calcium, heavy metals, iron, phenothiazines (thorazine), enteric-coated preparations, salicylates, sustained-release tablets |
| Acetaminophen Toxicity - when to get acetaminophen levels - when should antidote be started - trend which labs | - consider activated charcoal for children - check acetaminophen levels within 4 hours of ingestion - use Rumack-Matthew Normogram - N, acetylcysteine antidote to be given 8 hours after ingestion, but can be up to 20 hours after - trend AST, ALT, PT/PTT (not acetaminophen levels) |
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