114483
Description
Flashcards by ashley.amber, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by ashley.amber
almost 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is mechanical digetsion | chewing/biting/cutting of food into smaller bits with a smaller surface area so that enzymes can act on the food quicker |
| what is peristalsis? | contraction of circular muscles behind the food narrows the gut, pushing the food along. when the circular muscles are contracted, the longitudinal ones relax and vice versa |
| where does digestion begin? what happens there? | in the mouth- saliva moistens the food and uses amylase to break down the starch |
| what happens to the food in the stomach? | it's held there- the walls of the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid which kills bacteria. pepsin begins to break down protein |
| what happens when the food is released into the duodenum? | pancreatic enzymes are released onto it |
| what is the function of bile? | made in the gaul bladder- turns lipid globs into an emulsion of tiny droplets to increase the surface area to be digested |
| give an example of a carbohydrase, protease and lipase | amylase pepsin lipase |
| where is the food absorbed? | the ileum |
| how is the ileum adapted for absorption? | the lining has a high surface area to efficiently absorb soluble products into the blood vili- increase surface area microvilli- increase surface area of the villi |
| what does the large intestine do to products which can't be absorbed? | expells them as faeces |
| name the 2 parts of the small intestne | duodenum ileum |
| how would you test for glucose? | add a small spatula of glucose to a test tube, add a little bit of water and shake to dissolve glucose. Add benedicts solution and shake until the solution is blue. place the tube in a hot water bath an leave. If it turns brick red, there is starch present |
| how to test for starch? | add starch powder to a spotting tile add iodine solution blue black- starch present |
| why does a man need more energy than a woman? | generally they have a larger weight |
| why do pregnant women need more energy? | because of the added weight |
| why does a manual laborer need more energy? | because of the increased physical activity |
| how much energy raises the temp of 1 g of water by one degree? | 4.2 joules |
| how many cm3 of water has a mass of 1g | 1 |
| how would you measure the energy content of a food sample? | measure the sample's mass measure the water's temp burn the sample in a bunsen and hold it under the water to heat it. measure the final temp of the water (final temp-starting temp)x20x4.2 divided by the mass of the food |
| what is the digested molecule form of a)carbohydrates b)lipids c)proteins | a) glucose b)fatty acids and glycerol c)amino acids |
| where are digestive enzymes made? | the glands and gut |
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