The body's cells are constantly being replaced, the correct specialised cells must be produced to replace them. This is done through mitosis, followed by gene expression.
Healthy cells have their cycle regulated by proteins that are produced by different types of genes.
DNA repair genes ensure that DNA is accurately coppied.
Two balanced genes that regulate the cell are:

Proto-oncogenes: These produce proteins that stimulate division. Mutated proto-oncogenes are called encogenes and cause uncontrolled cell division (cancers).

Tumor supressor genes: These produce proteins that stop division. Mutated tumor supressor genes lose their ability to control the rate of cell division, leading to uncontrolled growth (also cancer).

	Created by Maria Soares Rosalino over 7 years ago

Year 12 Biology