Which of the following may be considered, legally, to be an employment test?
only application forms
only interviews and personality tests
any procedure used in the employment selection decision process
small talk before and after the interview
only personality tests
Dora is conducting a performance appraisal for Sue, one of her employees. The company's performance appraisal form asks her to rate Sue's performance on various items like "Submits reports on time with minimal errors" on a scale from 1 to 5. Dora's is using a ______ appraisal system.
360-degree
results
trait
behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)
MBO
When Jason became one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large pharmaceutical company, the director of the department scheduled a special meeting with him. There, the two talked about the stressful deadlines and heavy travel required of the position, as well as the compensation and benefits. Jason appreciated that the director took time to conduct a(n) __________.
unstructured interview
situational interview
performance appraisal
behavioral-description interview
realistic job preview
Which of the following is a typical off-the-job training method?
computer-assisted instruction
planned work activities
role-playing
coaching
job rotation
Maria worked in a manufacturing facility. Throughout the building there were posters and calendars of a sexually explicit nature, and they made Maria very uncomfortable. This is __________.
not of legal concern because Maria is not suffering any economic injury
sexual discrimination
a quid pro quo harassment
a hostile work environment
not of legal concern because none of the offensive materials are directed at Maria
Typically the ________ in a union contract is tied to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' consumer price index (CPI).
union security clause
cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) clause
givebacks clause
right-to-work clause
agency clause
Which of the following is a good suggestion for managers when conducting interviews?
After the interview, write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications.
Ask about the candidate's family to show personal interest.
Do more than half of the talking to make sure you are sharing enough about the company and its culture.
The resume should be used for selection of interview candidates only; ignore it thereafter.
Ask questions spontaneously to get the most straightforward answers from the candidate.
Ricco, an HR manager, is designing a training class for those working on the new cross-functional teams within her company. This class is aimed at improving group decision making and interpersonal relations. What method of delivery should she choose?
videotapes
role-playing, practice, and discussion
computer-aided training
lectures
workbooks
During a(n) _______________, Megan asked Jeff to tell her about a time when he was able to overcome some sort of adversity.
performance interview
behavioral description interview
Which of the following is not an example of an incentive?
commissions
profit-sharing plans
bonuses
stock options
education reimbursements
Allie has a degenerative eye disease that is causing her to gradually lose her eyesight. When Allie asked her employer to purchase a low-vision computer for her use at work, she was instead let go. This violates provisions of the __________.
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Privacy Act
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Family and Medical Leave Act
A specialist at UPS who rides with couriers to learn about delivery time measurements and potential service problems is conducting a job __________________.
description
specification
posting
rotation
analysis
In 2011, when automakers began to create new jobs, new union hires were offered about half the pay ($14 an hour) that autoworkers were getting before ($28). This is an example of __________.
givebacks
two-tier wage contracts
union security clauses
cost-of-living adjustments
incentives
Haley, an HR manager, had a meeting with the Vice President of Safety to determine if the new safety training program appears to be effective in preventing and reducing the number of accidents. Haley is performing which step of the training process?
objectives
evaluation
assessment
implementation
selection
For years, a mathematics professor experienced abusive behavior at a community college where he taught. It began with a group of managers spreading rumors and false accusations that threatened his job. It was emotionally draining and took time and focus away from his job. This is an example of __________.
disparate treatment
bullying
adverse impact
reverse discrimination
quid pro quo
After being referred by a friend, Hasina attended a job interview. She didn't feel it went well, but was surprised when her friend told her the boss didn't like that she had worn her hijab, a traditional headscarf. The boss told a coworker after the interview, "Our customers prefer working with Christians." This is an example of __________.
favoritism
affirmative action
discrimination
hostile work environment
The point of the performance appraisal is to __________.
stimulate better job performance
avoid legal problems, especially discrimination complaints
demonstrate correct methods for work procedures
provide a paper trail of manager-employee interactions
make sure that the subordinate's behavior is tightly controlled
If a firm gives all international assignments to people without disabilities, assuming they will therefore not require special accommodations, which type of workplace discrimination has occurred?
harassment
wage gap
The type of appraisal that is most subject to validity problems due to evaluator bias is called ____________ evaluation.
360-degree feedback
personality
behavioral
objective
What is the final step in the strategic human resource management process?
assess success of recruitment process
plan future human resources needs
perform appraisals of people
orient, train, and develop people
recruit and select people
So-called Millennials (those born after 1980) are vastly different from their parents in their views on everything from technology to politics to marriage to tattoos. This is an example of a ______ force for change.
structural
political
financial
social
demographic
A technological innovation that improves the performance and speed of a computer's operating system would be considered a(n) ______ innovation.
transformational
personnel
product
process
adaptive
Which of the following is an example of a proactive change?
Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content.
Ciara cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines.
Ciara is constantly "putting out fires," responding to daily crises in her group.
Ciara's group sent a product that was nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering.
Ciara's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before she knows there is a problem.
Which of the following is the factor that most reduces an organization's ability to learn from failure?
employees who blame others for failure
employees who embrace a learning culture
employees with a high tolerance for ambiguity
employees who like to experiment with multiple solutions
employees with a strong desire to acquire personal wealth
The human resource manager at Helping Hands Inc. has just calculated that the employee absenteeism rate for 2015 is 15% higher than it was in 2014, and the turnover rate has increased 18% in the same time period. She should consider all but which one of the following options?
address job design
wait until 2016 and see what the rate is then
deal with possible work overload
identify possible employee role conflicts
identify causes of job dissatisfaction
Sparkling Clean, Inc. is considering implementing a system that will pay its cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs, coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to ensure quality. This system is new to the organization, an example of __________ change.
radically innovative
innovative
highly complex
familiar
After Mary's Gifts and Cards surveyed its customers, it discovered that its customers preferred the company's competition more than 70% of the time. The most frequently cited reason was customer service. This information will be most helpful to introduce to her employees during which stage of Lewin's change model?
continuous improvement
stabilizing
unfreezing
changing
refreezing
During December at Toys For Tiny Tots, employees know that they are generally required to work different schedules, weekends, and often with overtime to support the holiday shopping season. This is an example of a(n) ______ change.
incremental
reactive
A year after she assisted them in making changes to an employee incentive plan, Kara, an OD consultant, is visiting Thomas Engineering to determine if the changes were helpful. Kara will compare sales and turnover data from the last three years to the current year. Kara is in the ______ stage of OD.
adaptation
intervention
diagnosis
Firms such as General Motors and McDonald's actively collect information about customer preferences and try to address them in their new products. This reflects __________.
technological advancements
human resource concerns
managers' behavior
social and political pressures
shareholder, customer, and market changes
The increasing diversity of the American workforce is an example of a(n) ______ force for change.
social and political
economic
market
During Lewin's refreezing stage, managers should __________.
provide benchmarking results
encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees
give employees the tools for change
make employees dissatisfied with the present way of doing things
reduce the barriers to change
Which of the following is an effective way to deal with change and innovation?
insist on success
increase work rules and hierarchy
copy others' successes
jump right into it
have the courage to follow your ideas
Personal Care Products recently introduced a new acai berry shampoo. Rinn, director of new product development, has just reviewed the dismal results. As it appears that his team adequately researched the product's acceptance by consumers prior to its introduction, he is confused by the outcome. But to keep his team open to innovation, Rinn should __________.
fire and replace the team lead as an example to others
acknowledge the team for their effort
ignore the product failure
step down as director
demote the team leader
Four steps to making innovation happen within an organization include all of the following except ____.
execute well
overcome employee resistance
punish failures
gain allies by communicating your vision
recognize problems and opportunities and devise solutions
An innovative change involves ______ complexity, cost, and uncertainty.
minimum
no
hidden
moderate
extreme
Social media (LinkedIn, Facebook), used by 98% of recruiters, make finding employees more efficient. This is an example of a(n) __________ advancement or force.
inside
social or political
technological
Which of the following is not a way to encourage innovation?
supporting innovation with investments of time and money
withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out
implementing effective reward systems
creating a culture that celebrates failure
reinforcing experimentation
Which of the following sequences best describes how a manager can foster innovation in an organization?
devise solutions, reorganize, change culture, stabilize system
recognize problems, gain allies, overcome resistance, execute well
recognize problems, train employees, devise solutions, execute well
overcome resistance, empower employees, execute well, provide incentives
recognize problems, overcome resistance, gain allies, penalize failures
Omar, an OD consultant, is working with members of a cross-functional team to build cohesiveness and practice skills to function better as a team. Omar is conducting the ______ stage of OD.
treatment or intervention
feedback
Brad supervises several employees who seem to have low self-efficacy. To improve this, he should do all the following except _____.
nurture their self-efficacy
provide guided experiences
avoid rewarding small successes
give positive feedback and constructive pointers
role model and mentor them
Carol really doesn't like her new boss and is not happy with the new tasks she's been assigned and the long hours she's been working. Still, she truly believes in what the company is trying to accomplish. Carol has _____.
poor job performance
low job involvement
low organizational commitment
low job satisfaction
poor job enrichment
People with ______ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.
an internal locus of control
low self-efficacy
high self-efficacy
high self-monitoring
an external locus of control
Job satisfaction results in stronger ______ and lower levels of ______.
perceived stress; life satisfaction
job involvement; work-life balance
organizational commitment; perceived stress
perceived stress; absenteeism
motivation; life satisfaction
______ has been associated with success for managers and salespeople.
Extroversion
Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Emotional stability
Agreeableness
Organizational ______ tries to explain and predict workplace behavior to help managers better lead and motivate others.
behavior
awareness
culture
strategy
development
Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce _____.
cognitive dissonance
fundamental attribution
causal attribution
a self-serving bias
group behavior
Organizational dimensions, the outer layer of the diversity wheel, include all of the following except _____.
union affiliation
management status
work location
ethnicity
seniority
A server expects a group of poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers and gives them poor service, so he gets the result that he expects, a very small tip. This is an example of _____.
fundamental attribution bias
the halo effect
self-serving bias
a self-fulfilling prophecy
selective perception error
The three components of ______ are affective, cognitive, and behavioral.
values
stress
job satisfaction
attitudes
Melissa impressed her boss by making lots of suggestions for department improvements and by putting in many weekend hours to do extra tasks to develop the new procedures. Melissa is exhibiting _____.
counterproductive work behaviors
self-efficacy
organizational citizenship behaviors
onboarding traits
The statement "Drew is slow to return phone calls" reflects the ______ component of an attitude.
cognitive
affective
decisional
perceptual
Which of the following is the most common drug of abuse?
tranquilizers
prescription pain medication
alcohol
methamphetamine
marijuana
Which of the following is not a symptom of negative stress?
insomnia
alcohol abuse
hostility
heart attack
slurred speech
Matt is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions?
openness to experience
extroversion
conscientiousness
self-monitoring
emotional stability
Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for reducing unhealthy stressors in organizations?
provide employee assistance programs
make jobs interesting
develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision
make career counseling available
recommend a holistic wellness approach
Which of the following dimensions is not an example of an external or secondary dimension on the diversity wheel?
religion
geographic location
income
personal habits
The Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers to _____.
hire quotas of qualified persons with disabilities
reasonably accommodate an individual's disability
hire persons with disabilities to qualify for tax breaks
actively solicit job applications from persons with disabilities
hire all qualified persons with disabilities who apply
Lori has been telling everyone in the sales department of her incredible skill as a salesperson, since she beat her goal this year by nearly 30%. But last year when she didn't even reach her goal, she said it was simply the economy. This is an example of _____.
If a manager knows one of his employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, he should _____.
avoid giving feedback
reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills
provide frequent reminders about improving weaknesses
avoid delegating work to this employee
redesign the work so that it is routine and structured
The need for status, reputation, and recognition are part of _____.
safety
physiological
self-actualization
love
esteem
Which of the following is not a contingency factor in the job characteristics model?
skills
autonomy
desire for personal growth
knowledge
context satisfactions such as right working conditions and pay
It has been two years since any employee has received a bonus at Tech Outlet, and the possibility of getting one no longer seems to motivate employees. In this case, management has inadvertently applied _____.
intrinsic motivation
punishment
extinction
expectancy
negative reinforcement
The motivating potential score (MPS) is calculated as part of using _____.
goal-setting theory
reinforcement theory
the job characteristics model
equity theory
McClelland's acquired needs theory
An accounting firm reimburses employees for tuition and fees if they complete job-related coursework with a B or better, which helps them meet which of Maslow's levels of need?
Sue is very aggressive at her job, and her coworkers complain that she often manipulates them and her boss in order to get ahead. She attempts to direct everything and everyone, regardless of the consequences to others or even the organization itself. Sue is expressing what type of need for power?
legitimate
personal
organizational
autonomous
institutional
Joe has a summer job hand-dyeing shirts that will be sold on the boardwalk. He is paid $5.00 per shirt. This is an example of a ______ compensation plan.
pay-for-knowledge
profit-sharing
bonus
gainsharing
pay-for-performance
Even when he started his first job, Will was not content to be just one of the employees. His boss noticed that he often coached his coworkers about ways to improve their work, even when it wasn't his job. Will probably has a _____.
high need for achievement
high need for attention
high need for affiliation
high need for power
low need for achievement
McClelland's need for achievement corresponds most closely to _____.
Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory
Maslow's self-actualization needs
expectancy theory
Herzberg's hygiene factors
The theory under which people make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it is _____.
two-factor theory
When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should _____.
set goals that are easily achievable
set targets that are beyond employees' reach
set general goals that are emotionally appealing
help workers understand and accept the goals
hold employees responsible for getting feedback
Victoria runs a flower shop. She recently made some changes so that one employee answers phones and completes the order and payment process, while another creates arrangements, and a third packages and delivers floral arrangements. Previously, each employee was responsible for the order from the phone call through the delivery. Such changes reflect which one of the following?
skill variety
task significance
task identity
Using self-determination theory to motivate employees, at Cloud9, a data storage company, the vice chair makes 10–20 phone calls a day to thank special employees "caught doing something right." This is an example of which one of the following innate needs?
equity
competence
relatedness
After struggling with the accounting training, Peter is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with no errors in the time allotted. In this case, Peter is low on the ______ element of expectancy theory.
outcomes
performance
instrumentality
valence
According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor?
interpersonal relationships
responsibility
advancement
recognition
the work itself
According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a motivating factor?
pay
supervisors
working conditions
company policy
A Scanlon plan is a type of ______ compensation plan.
benchmarking
Sharon has excelled as an auditor for a large financial consulting firm. She loves building mutually beneficial relationships and is extremely well liked by her clients. Sharon likely has a _____.
low need for power
low need for affiliation
Research shows that simplified jobs lead to all the following except _____.
job dissatisfaction
low personal growth
low sense of accomplishment
poor mental health
increased productivity
A technician who is responsible for keeping a hospital's electronic equipment in working order has higher ____________ than a person wiping down cars in a carwash.
