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undergraduate second year Biomedical science 2nd year (Cell Biology & Cellular Pathology) Quiz on Melanoma - NHS - Cell Biology & Cellular Pathology, created by Idont Evencare on 20/03/2017.

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Melanoma - NHS - Cell Biology & Cellular Pathology

Question 1 of 31

1

Melanocytes are

Select one or more of the following:

  • located in epidermis

  • located in dermis

  • originated from the neural crest

  • originated from adipoblasts

  • dendritic cells

  • pseudo-unipolar cells

  • place of melanin anabolism

  • place of melanin catabolism

Explanation

Question 2 of 31

1

Which of the following is the correct pathway of melanin synthesis?

Select one of the following:

  • Tyrosine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> di-hydroxy phenylalanine (oxidation by tyrosinase) --> melanin

  • Tyrosine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> di-hydroxy methylmelanin (oxidation by tyrosinase) --> melanin

  • Tyrosinase (oxidaton by tyrosine) --> di-hydroxy methyllalanine (reduction by tyrosine) --> melanin

  • Di-hydroxy methylalanine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> tyrosine (reduction by tyrosinase) --> melanin

  • Di-hydroxy methylalanine (oxidaton by tyrosine) --> tyrosinase (reduction by tyrosine) --> melanin

Explanation

Question 3 of 31

1

What are the three most common types of skin cancer?

Select one or more of the following:

  • malignant melanoma

  • basal cell melanoma

  • malignant basal keratoses

  • basal cell carcinoma

  • squamous cell carcinoma

  • merkel cell carcinoma

Explanation

Question 4 of 31

1

Which of the following is the commonest skin cancer

Select one of the following:

  • basal cell carcinoma

  • squamous cell carcinoma

  • malignant melanoma

Explanation

Question 5 of 31

1

Which of the following is the easiest skin cancer to treat

Select one of the following:

  • squamous cell carcinoma

  • basal cell carcinoma

  • malignant melanoma

Explanation

Question 6 of 31

1

Squamous cell carcinoma rarely metastasises.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 31

1

Melanoma is the most common cancer in elderly

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 31

1

Melanoma metastises

Select one or more of the following:

  • very early

  • only if untreated

  • to most body sites

  • almost exclusively to joints and liver and heart only

  • commonly to lymph nodes

Explanation

Question 9 of 31

1

Melannoma is the moset rapidly increasing common cancer type

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 31

1

What are the predisposing factors for melanoma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • exposure to sun

  • alcohol abuse

  • DNA repair mechanism mutations

  • P16 gene

  • CDKN2A

  • PK20 gene

  • CD150C

  • dysplastic naevi

  • skin colour

  • number of pre-existing moles

Explanation

Question 11 of 31

1

The types of melanoma are

Select one or more of the following:

  • Nodular Melanoma

  • Acral lentiginous melanoma

  • Lentigo maligna melanoma

  • Superficial spreading

  • Lego malaria melanoma

  • Occular mesenchymous melanoma

  • Cranial melanoma

  • Chronic hepatocyte melanoma

Explanation

Question 12 of 31

1

ABCD rule in melanoma diagnosis stands for

Select one of the following:

  • A – aplasticity
    B – Border irregularity
    C – colour
    D – distance

  • A – asymmetry
    B – Border irregularity
    C – colour
    D – diameter

  • A – asymmetry
    B – Border integrity
    C – change in size
    D – distance

  • A – aplasticity
    B – basal cell symetry
    C – colour
    D – diameter

  • A – aplasticity
    B – Border integrity
    C – change in size
    D – distance

Explanation

Question 13 of 31

1

Initial diagnosis of melanoma is performed by

Select one of the following:

  • examination using bright light and magnification

  • histology using ziehl-neelsen stain

  • biopsy followed by ELISA

  • ELISA

  • biopsy followed by PCR

Explanation

Question 14 of 31

1

Common antibodies used in diagnosis of melanoma by immunohistochemistry include

Select one or more of the following:

  • Melan M

  • Melan A

  • HMB 45

  • S 100

  • CDK 150

  • JK 480

Explanation

Question 15 of 31

1

Diagnosis of melanoma is performed by

Select one or more of the following:

  • +/- immmunohistochemistry

  • +/- immunocytochemistry

  • special stain histology

  • H/E stain histology

  • ELISA

  • laparoscopy

Explanation

Question 16 of 31

1

Melanin does not always have to be present in melanoma

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 31

1

In histological examination of melanoma, which if the following are typically observed?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Prominent nucleoli

  • Missing nucleoi

  • Irregular nucleoi

  • Popcorn cells

  • Reed-Strenberg cells

  • Large cells

  • Small cells

Explanation

Question 18 of 31

1

Special stains are the most common diagnostic tool in melanomas

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 19 of 31

1

Melanin is a

Select one of the following:

  • big strong cookie booboo

  • strong reducing agent

  • strong oxidising agent

  • reactively inert molecule

Explanation

Question 20 of 31

1

Special stains can be used for the diagnosis of amelanotic melanomas

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 21 of 31

1

Immunohistochemistry can be used for the diagnosis of amelanotic melanomas

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 31

1

Immunocytochemistry is used in diagnosis of melanoma in

Select one or more of the following:

  • Difficult cases

  • Metastasis

  • Micro invasion

  • None of the above

  • All of the above

  • Reed-Sternberg melanoma

Explanation

Question 23 of 31

1

The target protein for S100 is , HMB45 is and Melan A is sometimes found in .

Select option below to complete the highlighted text

    not specific for melanoma
    sometimes absent from melanomas
    non-melanoma tumours

Explanation

Question 24 of 31

1

Clinical staging is based on

Select one or more of the following:

  • histological staging of primary tumour

  • histological staining of metastasis

  • lymph node involvement

  • basal cell involvement

  • metastases

  • age of the patient

Explanation

Question 25 of 31

1

Breslow measures the whereas Clark measure the . Breslow method is than Clark method.

Select option below to complete the highlighted text

    depth
    thickness of tumour
    levels
    depth of invasion
    more accurate
    less accurate

Explanation

Question 26 of 31

1

Clinical staging does NOT rely on the histological measurement of

Select one of the following:

  • Ulceration

  • Lymphoid infiltration

  • Mitotic activity

  • Vascular ivasion

  • Dendritic necrosis

  • Microscopic satellites

Explanation

Question 27 of 31

1

Treatment of melanoma is the same regardless of the stage

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 28 of 31

1

Treatment of melanoma can include the removal of

Select one or more of the following:

  • all metastases

  • sentinel lymph node/s

  • primary tumour, minimum 5mm

  • primary tumour, minimum 2mm

  • all moles

Explanation

Question 29 of 31

1

Biological therapy of melanoma often consists of

Select one of the following:

  • BRAF inhibitor drug regimes

  • Interleukin alpha inhibitor drug regime

  • Low salt and fat intake diet

  • Broad spectrum drugs

  • Localised irradiation

Explanation

Question 30 of 31

1

BRAF 600 gene is found in about half the melanoma patients

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 31

1

Punch skin biopsy is the only method of obtaining histological tissue for diagnosis of melanoma.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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