Phys Scie II- Final Exam Review (Exam 4, Exam 1, & Exam 2)

Question 1 of 150

1

The first minerals to crystallize are those with the

Select one of the following:

lower melting point
higher melting point

Explanation

Question 2 of 150

1

The last minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have a

Select one of the following:

low melting point and a high silica content
low melting point and a low silica content
high melting point and a low silica content
high melting point and a high silica content

Explanation

Question 3 of 150

1

The protective shells that many sea organisms grow are not minerals because they

Select one of the following:

become compacted.
are organic.
are made of ooze.
are not calcium carbonate.

Explanation

Question 4 of 150

1

The silicates are the largest mineral group because silicon and oxygen are

Select one of the following:

found in the common mineral quartz.
the two most abundant elements in Earth's crust.
the hardest elements on Earth's surface.

Explanation

Question 5 of 150

1

Minerals are formed by the process of

Select one of the following:

magma differentiation.
crystallization.
partial melting.
silica enrichment.

Explanation

Question 6 of 150

1

The first minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have a

Select one of the following:

low melting point and a high silica content.
high melting point and a low silica content.
high melting point and a high silica content.
low melting point and a low silica content.

Explanation

Question 7 of 150

1

Minerals are composed of

Select one of the following:

homogenous solids.
inorganic solids.
silicon compounds.
common types of rocks.

Explanation

Question 8 of 150

1

The melting point of silicate minerals is strongly dependent on the amount of silica it contains. The first minerals to melt are those with

Select one of the following:

lowest melting point and lowest silica content.
highest silica content and highest melting point.
lowest melting point and highest silica content.
lowest silica content and highest melting point.

Explanation

Question 9 of 150

1

The most common mineral in Earth's crust is , and the second most common mineral is .

Select one of the following:

olivine, feldspar
silicate, carbonate
quartz, feldspar
feldspar, quartz

Explanation

Question 10 of 150

1

The last minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have the

Select one of the following:

highest melting point and the highest percentage of silica.
lowest melting point and the lowest percentage of silica.
highest melting point and the lowest percentage of silica.
lowest melting point and the highest percentage of silica.

Explanation

Question 11 of 150

1

Silica has a relatively

Select one of the following:

high melting point.
low melting point.

Explanation

Question 12 of 150

1

The Mohorovicic discontinuity occurs because of a

Select one of the following:

density change in rocks of the same composition on both sides of the boundary.
change in temperature with depth.
change in the composition of rocks on both sides of the boundary.
shift in the density of minerals with the same composition.

Explanation

Question 13 of 150

1

In comparison to P-waves, S-waves

Select one of the following:

can travel through all mediums–solid granite, magma, water and/or air.
can travel only through solids—not in fluids.
compress and expand the rock as they move through it.
are fast and the first to register on a seismograph.

Explanation

Question 14 of 150

1

The Earth's magnetic field is attributed to the

Select one of the following:

flow of molten fluid in Earth's outer core.
flow of molten liquid in Earth's inner core.
movement of lithospheric plates in the outer mantle.
movement of lithospheric plates at Earth's surface.

Explanation

Question 15 of 150

1

The asthenosphere is part of the

Select one of the following:

lithosphere.
crust.
mantle.
outer core.

Explanation

Question 16 of 150

1

The speed of a seismic wave depends on

Select one of the following:

its frequency.
the type of material it travels through.
its amplitude.
how far it has to travel.

Explanation

Question 17 of 150

1

Which seismic waves produce a wave shadow?

Select one of the following:

Love waves.
S-waves.
P- and S- waves
P-waves.

Explanation

Question 18 of 150

1

The Mohorovicic discontinuity marks the change in rock density elasticity between the

Select one of the following:

inner and outer core.
asthenosphere and lithosphere.
core and the mantle.
mantle and the crustal surface.

Explanation

Question 19 of 150

1

The Earth's layer with plastic-like behavior is the

Select one of the following:

mantle.
inner core.
crust.
outer core.

Explanation

Question 20 of 150

1

The lithosphere includes

Select one of the following:

continental and oceanic crust and the upper part of the mantle.
continental and oceanic crust.
the crust and the upper part of the mantle.
part of the mantle and the crust.

Explanation

Question 21 of 150

1

The thickness of Earth's crust

Select one of the following:

varies from 10 km under the oceans to 60 km under the continents.
on average is about 10 km.
varies from 10 km under the continents to 60 km under the oceans.
on average is about 60 km.

Explanation

Question 22 of 150

1

P-waves travel faster through the inner core than the outer core because the inner core is

Select one of the following:

solid.
the same as the outer core.
hotter than the outer core.
rock.

Explanation

Question 23 of 150

1

The outer core is

Select one of the following:

liquid.
the source for volcanoes.
plastic.
rock.

Explanation

Question 24 of 150

1

Seismic waves are classified as body waves and surface waves. An example of a body wave is a

Select one of the following:

Rayleigh wave.
Tertiary wave (T-wave).
Love wave.
Primary wave (P-wave).

Explanation

Question 25 of 150

1

In comparison to S-waves, P-waves

Select one of the following:

are the second seismic wave to register on a seismograph.
can travel only through solids, not through fluids.
can travel through solid granite, magma, water and/or air.
vibrate the particles of their medium up and down and side-to-side.

Explanation

Question 26 of 150

1

The outer core

Select one of the following:

transmits S-waves.
flows fast enough to power Earth's magnetic field.
has a plasticlike flow.
is solid as a rock.

Explanation

Question 27 of 150

1

Because S-waves do not travel through Earth's outer core, scientists inferred that the outer core is

Select one of the following:

impenetrable.
molten liquid.
very dense.
solid.

Explanation

Question 28 of 150

1

Continental crust is

Select one of the following:

more dense than oceanic crust.
thinner than oceanic crust.
thinner and more dense than oceanic crust.
less dense than oceanic crust.

Explanation

Question 29 of 150

1

Water able to be contained in the subsurface depends on

Select one of the following:

permeability.
chemical composition.
porosity.
none of these

Explanation

Question 30 of 150

1

The greater the hydraulic gradient the

Select one of the following:

greater the porosity.
less the permeability.
faster the flow.
slower the flow.

Explanation

Question 31 of 150

1

A rock's permeability can be described by its

Select one of the following:

water-transmitting capability, or hydraulic conductivity.
water-holding capacity.
depth of burial.
density.

Explanation

Question 32 of 150

1

When subsurface ground material is completely saturated with water, we call it

Select one of the following:

the saturated zone.
the water table.
groundwater.
groundwater in the saturated zone.

Explanation

Question 33 of 150

1

Water is vital to life on our planet. Most of Earth's water supply is in the

Select one of the following:

ground.
oceans.
rivers, lakes, and streams.
ice caps.

Explanation

Question 34 of 150

1

The flow of groundwater depends on

Select one of the following:

porosity and hydraulic gradient.
permeability and gravity.
porosity only.
permeability and porosity.

Explanation

Question 35 of 150

1

A rock with a high porosity will most likely have a

Select one of the following:

low density.
large proportion of open pore spaces.
low permeability.
high permeability.

Explanation

Question 36 of 150

1

The capacity a material has for transmitting fluids is known as its

Select one of the following:

impermeability.
permeability.
porosity.
competence.

Explanation

Question 37 of 150

1

A rock with very low porosity will most often have a

Select one of the following:

low permeability.
large proportion of open spaces.
high permeability.
very high density.

Explanation

Question 38 of 150

1

A sub-surface region that holds and transmits water is called a/an

Select one of the following:

aquiclude.
hydrometer.
water table.
aquifer.

Explanation

Question 39 of 150

1

The degree to which a soil or rock allows groundwater to flow is called

Select one of the following:

permeability.
porosity.
aquifer.
hydraulic gradient.

Explanation

Question 40 of 150

1

The flow of groundwater depends on

Select one of the following:

hydraulic gradient, and hydraulic conductivity.
porosity and permeability.
permeability only.
porosity only.

Explanation

Question 41 of 150

1

Groundwater is water

Select one of the following:

below the water table.
above the water table.
that soaks into the ground.
beneath the ground surface.

Explanation

Question 42 of 150

1

The driving force of our planet's hydrologic cycle comes from

Select one of the following:

wind.
precipitation of water over the oceans.
the balance between precipitation and evaporation.
solar energy.

Explanation

Question 43 of 150

1

A soil composed of flattened soil particles will most likely have a

Select one of the following:

low porosity.
high permeability.
high porosity.
low hydraulic conductivity.

Explanation

Question 44 of 150

1

The flow of groundwater is

Select one of the following:

from where the water table is high to where it is low.
insignificant.
as fast as the water in streams.
from where the water table is low to where it is high.

Explanation

Question 45 of 150

1

A mineral that is not a silicate is

Select one of the following:

calcite
quartz
feldspar
mica

Explanation

Question 46 of 150

1

Galena belongs to the class of minerals known as the

Select one of the following:

sulfides
silicates
carbonates
sulfates

Explanation

Question 47 of 150

1

Which of the following properties most clearly reflects the internal arrangement of atoms in a crystalline material?

Select one of the following:

luster
density
color
cleavage

Explanation

Question 48 of 150

1

The process of crystallization acts to

Select one of the following:

enrich the crystallized minerals in silica
deplete the molten magma of silica
enrich the molten magma in silica
none of the above

Explanation

Question 49 of 150

1

The last minerals to crystallize are those with the

Select one of the following:

higher melting point
lower melting point

Explanation

Question 50 of 150

1

A soil composed of well-rounded sand grains of uniform size will most likely have a

Select one of the following:

low porosity
high porosity
low permeability
high permeability

Explanation

Question 51 of 150

1

The following statement describes which subatomic particle best?

It is a nucleon.

Select one of the following:

an electron
a proton
a neutron
proton and neutron

Explanation

Question 52 of 150

1

How many electrons are there in the third shell of sodium, Na (atomic number 11)?

Select one of the following:

none
one
two
three

Explanation

Question 53 of 150

1

What is the name of the following compound?

NaF

Select one of the following:

natural fosfate
nitrogen afleck
sodium fluoride
sodium phosphide
natrium fluoride

Explanation

Question 54 of 150

1

Which of the following would be considered applied research?

Select one of the following:

examining how susceptible a metal is to bending
determining how readily a metal corrodes in a wet environment
determining the lightest and strongest metal to be used for an airplane wing
determining the melting temperature of a metal
testing the strength of a piece of metal

Explanation

Question 55 of 150

1

Which of the following statements best describes an element?

Select one of the following:

a material that has consistent physical properties
a material with more than one type of atom
a material consisting of only one type of atom
a material that has consistent chemical properties
a material that is pure

Explanation

Question 56 of 150

1

Which of these does not describe a metal at room temperature?

Select one of the following:

bendable
gas
solid
liquid
shiny

Explanation

Question 57 of 150

1

How would you describe the volume of the following object?

the amount of water in a swimming pool

Select one of the following:

macroscopic
microscopic
submicroscopic
all of the above
none of the above

Explanation

Question 58 of 150

1

Which of the following physical properties would you expect for krypton (Kr)?

Select one of the following:

shiny
brittle
conducts electricity
a gas at room temperature
hard

Explanation

Question 59 of 150

1

How many different elements are in the compound C₆H₁₂O₆.

Select one of the following:

3
24
6
All of the elements are the same.

Explanation

Question 60 of 150

1

Which of the following statements does not describe a proton?

Select one of the following:

It orbits around the nucleus of an atom.
It is a nucleon.
It has a positive charge equivalent but opposite of an electron's.
It is attracted to negatively charged electrical plates.
It is much more massive than an electron.

Explanation

Question 61 of 150

1

Which of the following is not a nonmetal?

Select one of the following:

sulfur (atomic no. = 16)
xenon (atomic no. = 54)
titanium (atomic no. = 22)
selenium (atomic no. = 34)
helium (atomic no. = 2)

Explanation

Question 62 of 150

1

Which of the following would be considered basic research?

Select one of the following:

testing a safe, nontoxic mouse glue
testing the strength of a mouse cage
examining how quickly a trapdoor closes
examining why a mouse likes cheddar cheese more than swiss cheese
studying ways of catching mice safely

Explanation

Question 63 of 150

1

What is the main difference between a conceptual model and a physical model?

Select one of the following:

Physical models and conceptual models can be used to describe the same things.
Physical models can only be used to represent the real world.
A physical model represents the shape and form while a conceptual model describes how a system behaves.
Conceptual models can only be used to describe concepts.
A conceptual model represents the shape and form while a physical model describes how a system behaves.

Explanation

Question 64 of 150

1

A cat strolls across your backyard. An hour later, a dog with its nose to the ground follows the trail of the cat. Explain what is going on from a molecular point of view.

Select one of the following:

The dog is smelling molecules from the cat.
The cat is leading the dog into a trap.
The dog is smelling atoms from the cat
The dog is following the areas of increased density of the Earth.

Explanation

Question 65 of 150

1

If you remove two protons and two neutrons from a gold atom (Au), what new element is formed (if any)?

Select one of the following:

Au-2
Au
Re
Tl
Ir

Explanation

Question 66 of 150

1

Oxygen atoms are used to make water molecules. Does this mean that oxygen, O2, and water, H2O, have similar properties?

Select one of the following:

Yes, but that their properties are similar is only a coincidence.
Yes, and this explains how fish are able to breathe water.
No, compounds are uniquely different from the elements from which they're made.
No, but their similar properties are only a coincidence.

Explanation

Question 67 of 150

1

Which of the following would be considered a chemical property?

Select one of the following:

melting temperature
reactivity towards water
boiling temperature
conductivity
flexibility

Explanation

Question 68 of 150

1

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

Select one of the following:

Electrons have a negative charge.
Electrons are particles.
Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy.
Electrons behave like waves.
all of the above

Explanation

Question 69 of 150

1

Should the periodic table be memorized? Why or why not?

Select one of the following:

No. The periodic table changes every year. Memorizing it would be a waste of time.
Yes. Without memorizing the periodic table, one would not have any real understanding of how and why chemical compounds are put together.
Yes. Like the alphabet, we need to memorize the periodic table in order to easily write the language of chemistry.
No. The periodic table is a reference to be used, not memorized.

Explanation

Question 70 of 150

1

The following image describes which type of change?

Select one of the following:

an elemental change
a chemical change
no change
a physical change
a change in reactivity

Explanation

Question 71 of 150

1

The mass number of an element is ________.

Select one of the following:

the sum of the isotopes
the sum of the electrons and the neutrons
the number of protons
the sum of the protons and the neutrons
the sum of the electrons and the protons

Explanation

Question 72 of 150

1

How many atoms are in one molecule of Na₂SO₄

Select one of the following:

4
7
24
2
3

Explanation

Question 73 of 150

1

Which element has the atomic number 12?

Select one of the following:

Mg
Be
B
Na
C

Explanation

Question 74 of 150

1

How is the term photon related to the term quantum?

Select one of the following:

A quantum is a wave of light while a packet of quanta equals one photon.
A quantum is a particle of light while a photon is a wave of light.
A quantum of light is actually one photon.
A quantum is a particle of light exactly one photon long.
A quantum of photons is equal to the wavelength.

Explanation

Question 75 of 150

1

What was Niels Bohr's explanation for the observation of atomic spectra?

Select one of the following:

Nucleons could be excited by different electron energies.
Any photon could excite an electron.
Only certain photons with the correct energy could excite the quanta in the nucleus.
Electrons could only move in discrete energy steps within an atom.
Electrons could not move in an atom.

Explanation

Question 76 of 150

1

Which of the following elements will most likely be shiny and flexible?

Select one of the following:

iodine (I)
silicon (Si)
rhodium (Rh)
hydrogen (H)
helenium (Se)

Explanation

Question 77 of 150

1

The nucleus of an electrically neutral iron atom contains 26 protons. How many electrons does this iron atom have?

Select one of the following:

24
52
26
none

Explanation

Question 78 of 150

1

Why isn't dirt listed in the periodic table?

Select one of the following:

Elements like dirt and air are so common that there is no need to list them in the periodic table.
Dirt IS listed in the periodic table but is not easily recognized because it is listed as one of the rare earths with its old scientific name, dysprosium, symbol Dy.
The periodic table lists only elements made of one kind of material. Dirt is a mixture of elements and compounds.
None of the above is true.

Explanation

Question 79 of 150

1

Strontium, Sr (number 38), is especially dangerous to humans because it tends to accumulate in calcium-dependent bone marrow tissues (calcium, Ca, number 20). This fact relates to the organization of the periodic table in that strontium and calcium are both

Select one of the following:

in group 2 of the periodic table.
soluble in water
metals
made of relatively large atoms

Explanation

Question 80 of 150

1

Which of the following elements are in the same group as silicon (Si)?

Select one of the following:

B
P
C
As
none of the above

Explanation

Question 81 of 150

1

What is the name of the following compound?

CO2

Select one of the following:

carbon dioxide
calcium oxide
dicobalt
calcium dioxide
dioxocarbon

Explanation

Question 82 of 150

1

Which of the following is said to be quantized?

Select one of the following:

the volume of air in a balloon
the amount of water in a glass
the amount of time in an hour
the number of eggs in an egg carton
none of the above

Explanation

Question 83 of 150

1

What is the valence shell?

Select one of the following:

It is the shell of electrons in element V (atomic no. = 23)
It is the last partially filled orbital in an atom.
It is the shell of electrons in an atom that is the least reactive.
It is the same as the orbital configuration.
It is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom.

Explanation

Question 84 of 150

1

Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? Which contributes more to an atom's size?

Select one of the following:

Protons contribute more to an atom's mass while electrons contribute more to its size.
Protons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom.
Electrons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom.
Electrons contribute more to an atom's mass while protons contribute more to its size.

Explanation

Question 85 of 150

1

Elements that are in the same ________ have a tendency to have very similar chemical properties due to periodic trends.

Select one of the following:

compound
group
textbook
row
period

Explanation

Question 86 of 150

1

What do the components of a conceptual model have in common?

Select one of the following:

Each component must correlate with a corresponding component of a physical model.
All components interact with each other.
The components have nothing in common. This is what differentiates a conceptual model from a physical model.
All components are mutually independent of each other.

Explanation

Question 87 of 150

1

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

Select one of the following:

charcoal being converted into ash
a candy bar being digested by a student
iron metal reacting with oxygen to form rust
water boiling and being converted into steam
water being electrolyzed and being converted in hydrogen and oxygen

Explanation

Question 88 of 150

1

Which of these properties describes a metal?

Select one of the following:

fragile
brittle
doesn't conduct electricity very well
conducts heat very well
transparent

Explanation

Question 89 of 150

1

What is the name of the following compound?

CaCl2

Select one of the following:

calcium chloride
dicalcium chloride
carbon chloride
dichlorocalcium
calc two

Explanation

Question 90 of 150

1

Which are older, the atoms in the body of an elderly person or those in the body of a baby?

Select one of the following:

It depends upon their diet.
An elderly person because they have been around much longer.
They are of the same age, which is appreciably older than the solar system.
A baby because this is surely a trick question.

Explanation

Question 91 of 150

1

Which of the following statements describes an isotope?

Select one of the following:

element with the same number of protons but a different number of electrons
element with the same number of neutrons but a different number of electrons
element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
element with the same number of neutrons but a different number of protons
none of the above

Explanation

Question 92 of 150

1

Would you use a physical model or a conceptual model to describe the following: the brain; the mind; the solar system; the beginning of the universe?

Select one of the following:

physical; physical; physical; physical
conceptual; conceptual; conceptual; conceptual
physical; conceptual; physical; conceptual
conceptual; physical; conceptual physical

Explanation

Question 93 of 150

1

Which of the following could NOT be represented by a conceptual model?

Select one of the following:

the energy of a nucleus
the floor plan of a house
the behavior of schoolchildren
the weather

Explanation

Question 94 of 150

1

Which of the following is a property of light?

Select one of the following:

It is a particle.
Its energy comes in packets of uniform size.
It is a wave.
all of the above
none of the above

Explanation

Question 95 of 150

1

The repeating trends that take place when examining the elements are called ________.

Select one of the following:

the metal shift
a group conscience
periodicity (periodic trend)
the family cycle
none of the above

Explanation

Question 96 of 150

1

Which of the following elements is an alkali metal?

Select one of the following:

cerium (Cr)
argon (Ar)
lithium (Li)
lead (Pb)
indium (In)

Explanation

Question 97 of 150

1

Which atom is smallest?

Select one of the following:

Be
Sr
Ca
Mg
All are the same size.

Explanation

Question 98 of 150

1

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

Select one of the following:

lead (Pb)
xenon (Xe)
silver (Ag)
lithium (Li)
chlorine (Cl)

Explanation

Question 99 of 150

1

Which of the following describes a nonmetal?

Select one of the following:

ductile
malleable
good conductor of heat
poor conductor of electricity
shiny

Explanation

Question 100 of 150

1

Which of the following elements are in the same period as magnesium (Mg)?

Select one of the following:

Ca
Cl
Sr
Mn
none of the above

Explanation

Question 101 of 150

1

Metals are useful for the structural support of buildings because they

Select one of the following:

do not conduct heat well
are strong but can be bent
conduct electricity
are shiny

Explanation

Question 102 of 150

1

Which of the following bonds would be the most polar?

Select one of the following:

C-Cl
C-Br
C-F
C-I
All are equally polar.

Explanation

Question 103 of 150

1

Which of the following bonds would be the least polar?

Select one of the following:

C-H
C-F
C-O
C-Cl
All are equally polar.

Explanation

Question 104 of 150

1

The source of an atom's electronegativity is the

Select one of the following:

kinetic energy electrons have orbiting the nucleus.
repulsive force occurring among electrons within the same shell.
repulsive force occurring between electrons within neighboring shells.
positively charged atomic nucleus.

Explanation

Question 105 of 150

1

If you mix a typical aluminum ion (Al, atomic no. = 13) with a typical oxygen ion (O, atomic no. = 8), what compound is formed?

Select one of the following:

Al2O3
Al13O8
Al3O2
Al3O
Al2O2

Explanation

Question 106 of 150

1

Which of the following elements will most likely not form an ion at all?

Select one of the following:

Na
Mg
Br
O
Ar

Explanation

Question 107 of 150

1

Which of the following is the weakest?

Select one of the following:

A dipole-induced dipole attraction
A dipole-dipole attraction
An induced dipole-induced dipole attraction
An ion-dipole attraction
A chemical bond

Explanation

Question 108 of 150

1

Which of the following compounds contains ionic bonds?

Select one of the following:

CH4
OF2
Cl2
K2O
none of the above

Explanation

Question 109 of 150

1

If a neutral atom loses one electron, what is the electrical charge of the atom?

Select one of the following:

+2
-2
+1
-1
neutral

Explanation

Question 110 of 150

1

What is the main difference between a dipole-dipole interaction and a dipole-induced dipole interaction?

Select one of the following:

Dipole-induced dipole interactions are stronger because the induced dipoles can be formed at any time.
Dipole-dipole interactions are weaker because the dipoles are permanent.
Both are similar, but one involves a temporary dipole created by a permanent dipole.
Both are identical.
none of the above

Explanation

Question 111 of 150

1

Which of the following statements describes a polar molecule?

Select one of the following:

The molecules are usually not attracted to one another very strongly.
Polar molecules have the weakest intermolecular interactions with ionic compounds.
The electrons in the molecule are distributed evenly throughout the molecule.
The molecules have a high degree of symmetry.
None of these statements describe polar molecules.

Explanation

Question 112 of 150

1

What is one role of unpaired valance electrons?

Select one of the following:

They are the nonbonding electrons.
They tell us which Lewis dot structure is correct.
They take part in the formation of different types of bonds.
They keep the paired electrons separated to minimize interaction.
They provide the number of Lewis dots.

Explanation

Question 113 of 150

1

Which of the following does not describe ionic compounds?

Select one of the following:

They have a tendency to melt easily.
They are usually very ordered.
They consist of positive and negative ions.
They are held together by electrostatic attraction.
none of the above

Explanation

Question 114 of 150

1

Which of the following molecules is the most polar?

Select one of the following:

HCl
BrF
Br2
CO

Explanation

Question 115 of 150

1

What is the valence shell?

Select one of the following:

It is the shell of electrons in element V (atomic no. = 23)
It is the shell of electrons in an atom that is the least reactive.
It is the same as the orbital configuration.
It is the last partially filled orbital in an atom.
It is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom.

Explanation

Question 116 of 150

1

Which of the following best describes ionic bonding?

Select one of the following:

two atoms exchanging a set of electrons
two atoms sharing a set of electrons
one atom giving up some of its electrons to another atom
when two elements with same charge are held together by electrostatic forces
none of the above

Explanation

Question 117 of 150

1

Which of the following statements is untrue?

Select one of the following:

Covalent molecules usually have low melting points.
Covalent molecules can have nonbonding electrons.
Covalent bonds can involve more than one pair of electrons.
Covalent molecules are never crystalline.
All of the above statements are true.

Explanation

Question 118 of 150

1

Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a +1 charge?

Select one of the following:

Al
Mg
Cl
Na
Si

Explanation

Question 119 of 150

1

Which of the following is not a property of metal?

Select one of the following:

conducts electricity
is strong, but can be bent
does not conduct heat well
is shiny
All of the above are properties of metals.

Explanation

Question 120 of 150

1

How many valence electrons does bromine (Br, atomic no. = 35) have?

Select one of the following:

28
7
21
1
35

Explanation

Question 121 of 150

1

How is the number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom related to the number of bonds that the atom can form?

Select one of the following:

There is no defined relationship between the number of unpaired valence electrons and number of bonds that the atom can form.
The number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom is the same as the number of bonds that the atom can form.
The number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom is twice the number of bonds that the atom can form.
The number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom is one-half the number of bonds that the atom can form.

Explanation

Question 122 of 150

1

Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a -2 charge?

Select one of the following:

Mg
S
Cl
Ne
Na

Explanation

Question 123 of 150

1

How many valence electrons does gallium (Ga, atomic no. = 31) have?

Select one of the following:

1
31
3
6
70

Explanation

Question 124 of 150

1

Is an ionic compound an example of a chemical compound, or is a chemical compound an example of an ionic compound?

Select one of the following:

An ionic compound is an example of a chemical compound.
Each is an example of the other.
An chemical compound is an example of a ionic compound.
Neither is an example of the other.

Explanation

Question 125 of 150

1

The concept of a chemical bond is ________.

Select one of the following:

how two or more electrons reside in an orbital
the sharing of nucleons
how two or more atoms are held together
how much energy it takes to remove an electron from a set of atoms
none of the above

Explanation

Question 126 of 150

1

How would you classify the following material?

a cappuccino (with foam)

Select one of the following:

a solution
a heterogeneous mixture
a suspension
a compound
an element

Explanation

Question 127 of 150

1

Why is secondary treatment often needed for sewage?

Select one of the following:

The solution is contaminated with dangerous bacteria.
The dissolved organics are too high and lead to bacterial growth
There are too many finely divided particles that need to be filtered.
There are too many dissolved inorganic compounds.
none of the above

Explanation

Question 128 of 150

1

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Select one of the following:

The components of a mixture do not have the same properties individually as they do when mixed.
A compound can be physically separated into its components; a mixture cannot be physically separated into its components.
A compound is just a mixture of elements.
A mixture can be physically separated into its components; a compound cannot be physically separated into its components.
The components of a compound have the same properties individually as they do when mixed.

Explanation

Question 129 of 150

1

Which of the following statements describes a saturated solution?

Select one of the following:

a solution of salt water with salt at the bottom
a carbonated beverage with bubbles
a solution where the solvent cannot dissolve any more solute
all of the above
none of the above

Explanation

Question 130 of 150

1

In a solution of 77 percent nitrogen and 23 percent oxygen, which is the solvent?

Select one of the following:

nitrogen
oxygen
both
neither
Gases cannot form solutions.

Explanation

Question 131 of 150

1

What is molarity?

Select one of the following:

the number of liters of solute per mole of solution
the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent
the number of grams of solute per liter of solution
none of the above

Explanation

Question 132 of 150

1

What statement best describes a mole?

Select one of the following:

It is a very large number chemists use to count atoms or molecules.
the amount of molecules or atoms in 1 gram of something
a very small number chemists use to count atoms or molecules
a little furry mammal that lives in the ground
none of the above

Explanation

Question 133 of 150

1

How would you classify the following material?

swimming pool water

Select one of the following:

heterogeneous mixture
a pure element
a pure compound
homogeneous mixture
depends on how many children have been in it

Explanation

Question 134 of 150

1

How does a suspension differ from a solution?

Select one of the following:

A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture consisting of different phases whereas a solution is a homogeneous mixture consisting of a single phase.
The difference between a suspension and a solution can only be determined by chemical means.
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture whose components can be separated by simple filtration. A solution is a homogeneous mixture which cannot be separated by simple filtration.
Although a solution and suspension are both homogeneous mixtures, only the components of a suspension will separate by spinning the mixture in a centrifuge.

Explanation

Question 135 of 150

1

Mixtures can be separated into their components by taking advantage of differences in the chemical properties of the components. Why might this separation method be less convenient than taking advantage of differences in the physical properties of the components?

Select one of the following:

The chemical properties of the components of a mixture are too different from each other.
The chemical properties of the components of a mixture are too similar to each other.
A chemical property involves a chemical change so that you no longer have what you had.
Chemical properties are not as apparent as are physical properties.

Explanation

Question 136 of 150

1

The following image represents which kind of matter?

Select one of the following:

a compound
an element
a mixture
none of the above
all of the above

Explanation

Question 137 of 150

1

The following image represents which kind of matter?

Select one of the following:

an element
a mixture
a compound
none of the above
all of the above

Explanation

Question 138 of 150

1

Which of the following solutions is the most concentrated?

Select one of the following:

0.1 liter of water with 1 gram of sugar
0.5 liter of water with 50 grams of sugar
2 liters of water with 0.2 gram of sugar
3 liters of water with 30 grams of sugar
They all have the same concentration.

Explanation

Question 139 of 150

1

Is the air in your house a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture?

Select one of the following:

heterogeneous because of the dust particles it contains
homogeneous because it is all at the same temperature
homogeneous because it is mixed very well
heterogeneous because it consists of different types of molecules

Explanation

Question 140 of 150

1

What is the first step in treating raw sewage?

Select one of the following:

removal of sludge
removal of grit by settling
filtration of solids
disinfection
removal of fine particles by settling

Explanation

Question 141 of 150

1

Which has the most atoms?

Select one of the following:

a mole of helium
a mole of gold
a mole of lead
All of the above have the same number of atoms.
none of the above

Explanation

Question 142 of 150

1

Which of the following would be considered a heterogeneous mixture?

Select one of the following:

water
milk
vinegar
vegetable oil
salad dressing

Explanation

Question 143 of 150

1

In a solution made from one teaspoon of sugar and one liter of water, which is the solute?

Select one of the following:

sugar
the teaspoon
water
both sugar and water
none of the above

Explanation

Question 144 of 150

1

Which of the following is a mixture?

Select one of the following:

helium
iron
air
gold
salt

Explanation

Question 145 of 150

1

What is the purpose of treating water with chlorine gas or ozone during water purification?

Select one of the following:

to improve taste
to kill bacteria
to improve color
to remove solids
none of the above

Explanation

Question 146 of 150

1

How is the solubility of a gas affected by temperature?

Select one of the following:

As temperature goes up, the solubility goes up.
As temperature goes up, the solubility stays the same.
As temperature goes down, the solubility goes down.
As temperature goes down, the solubility goes up.
Both: As temperature goes up, the solubility goes up....And: As temperature goes up, the solubility stays the same.

Explanation

Question 147 of 150

1

How is the solubility of a solid affected by temperature?

Select one of the following:

As temperature goes up, the solubility goes up.
As temperature goes down, the solubility goes down.
As temperature goes down, the solubility goes up.
As temperature goes up, the solubility goes down.
Both: As temperature goes up, the solubility goes up. ....And: As temperature goes down, the solubility goes down.

Explanation

Question 148 of 150

1

Which of the following accurately describes osmosis?

Select one of the following:

The less concentrated solution gets more dilute.
The more concentrated solution absorbs water from the less concentrated solution.
The less concentrated solution absorbs water from the more concentrated solution.
The ions migrate from the more concentrated solution to the less concentrated.
none of the above

Explanation

Question 149 of 150

1

How would you classify the following material?

coffee (with milk)

Select one of the following:

an element
a compound
a suspension
a heterogeneous mixture
a solution

Explanation

Question 150 of 150

1

Which of the following would be considered a homogeneous mixture?

Select one of the following:

hydrogen cyanide
wine
pretzel
rusty iron
sugar

	Created by Emelina Solorzano about 8 years ago

Physical Science II-Exams 1-4

Phys Scie II- Final Exam Review (Exam 4, Exam 1, & Exam 2)

Question 1 of 150

The first minerals to crystallize are those with the

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 150

The last minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have a

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 150

The protective shells that many sea organisms grow are not minerals because they

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 150

The silicates are the largest mineral group because silicon and oxygen are

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 5 of 150

Minerals are formed by the process of

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 150

The first minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have a

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 150

Minerals are composed of

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 150

The melting point of silicate minerals is strongly dependent on the amount of silica it contains. The first minerals to melt are those with

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 150

The most common mineral in Earth's crust is ________, and the second most common mineral is ________.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 150

The last minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have the

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 11 of 150

Silica has a relatively

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 150

The Mohorovicic discontinuity occurs because of a

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 150

In comparison to P-waves, S-waves

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 150

The Earth's magnetic field is attributed to the

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 15 of 150

The asthenosphere is part of the

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 150

The speed of a seismic wave depends on

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 150

Which seismic waves produce a wave shadow?

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 150

The Mohorovicic discontinuity marks the change in rock density elasticity between the

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 150

The Earth's layer with plastic-like behavior is the

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 150

The lithosphere includes

The most common mineral in Earth's crust is , and the second most common mineral is .