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Dental plaque 2

Question 1 of 30

1

Dental plaque is mostly composed of...

Select one of the following:

  • Intracellular water

  • Extracellular water

  • Dry residue

Explanation

Question 2 of 30

1

Dental plaque's chemical composition is mostly...

Select one of the following:

  • Intracellular protein

  • Lipids

  • Extracellular mineral

Explanation

Question 3 of 30

1

Bacteria store glucose intracellularly as...

Select one of the following:

  • Glycogen

  • Sucrose

  • Levan

  • Dextran

Explanation

Question 4 of 30

1

Which enzyme breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose and produces Glucan/Dextran?

Select one of the following:

  • Glucosyltransferase

  • Fructosyltransferase

  • Invertase

Explanation

Question 5 of 30

1

Which enzyme breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose and produces Fructan/Levan?

Select one of the following:

  • Fructosyltransferase

  • Glucosyltransferase

  • Invertase

Explanation

Question 6 of 30

1

What bonds are found in fructan?

Select one of the following:

  • Beta 1-2

  • Beta 1-4

  • Alpha 1-6

Explanation

Question 7 of 30

1

What bonds are found in glucan?

Select one of the following:

  • Alpha 1-6

  • Beta 1-2

  • Beta 1-4

Explanation

Question 8 of 30

1

The ability of bacteria to form plaque is directly related to their ability to synthesise extracellular polymers

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 30

1

What soluble glucan is known as...

Select one of the following:

  • Dextran

  • Levan

  • Fructan

Explanation

Question 10 of 30

1

Resting plaque pH is around...

Select one of the following:

  • 6.5-7

  • 6

  • 5

  • 7-8

Explanation

Question 11 of 30

1

It takes at most 20 minutes for the pH of the mouth to return to normal after rinsing with a sugar solution.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 30

1

The majority of acid produced by plaque bacteria is..

Select one of the following:

  • Lactic acid

  • Acetic acid

  • Propionic acid

Explanation

Question 13 of 30

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The critical pH of the mouth is . Below this value enamel begins to .

Explanation

Question 14 of 30

1

Sucrose intake leads to early plaque containing high numbers of bacteria capable of synthesising glucans

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 30

1

Plaque is less bulky with sucrose rich diets

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 30

1

Which option is the least cariogenic?

Select one of the following:

  • Xylitol

  • Starch

  • Sorbitol

  • Sucrose

Explanation

Question 17 of 30

1

What acid(s) have the highest concentration in plaque?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Propionic

  • Acetic

  • Lactic

Explanation

Question 18 of 30

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Plaque pH drops dramatically after sugar consumption. This is thought to be because of diffusing into the plaque and ions diffusing out of it.

Explanation

Question 19 of 30

1

What are the main buffering systems in saliva?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Phosphate

  • Hydrogen carbonate

  • Hydrogen ion

Explanation

Question 20 of 30

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

In periods of starvation, plaque metabolises urea into . It does this by breaking urea down into amino acids then into . This causes an in pH

Explanation

Question 21 of 30

1

Which components are important in host tissue destruction?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Enzymes

  • Exotoxins

  • Endotoxins

Explanation

Question 22 of 30

1

Which components are important in host tissue inflammation?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Endotoxins

  • Exotoxins

  • Enzymes

Explanation

Question 23 of 30

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

For calculus to form, seeding agents must be present. These are usually dying bacteria, lipids and g. crystals form and these are derived from saliva (become incorporated in plaque). These crystals merge together on the seeding agents to form a large mass of calculus.

Explanation

Question 24 of 30

1

Bacteria accelerate plaque mineralisation by...

Select one or more of the following:

  • Removing calcification inhibitors such as statherin / pyrophosphate

  • Splitting calcium binding proteins

  • Decreasing the local pH

  • Decreasing local ion concentrations

Explanation

Question 25 of 30

1

Compared to supragingival calculus, subgingival calculus has...

Select one of the following:

  • More gram negative bacteria

  • More gram positive bacteria

Explanation

Question 26 of 30

1

Which has higher mineral content?

Select one of the following:

  • Supragingival calculus

  • Subgingival calculus

Explanation

Question 27 of 30

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The surface of calculus is r and p.

Explanation

Question 28 of 30

1

The predominant flora of outer layer of calculus consists of...

Select one or more of the following:

  • Filaments

  • Cocci

  • Rods

  • Spirochaetes

Explanation

Question 29 of 30

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Bacteria near the enamel surface of calculus tend to have a reduced cytoplasm to cell wall . This is because they are metabolically .

Explanation

Question 30 of 30

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The effect of bacteria in calculus is due to filaments orientating themselves at angles to the enamel surface

Explanation

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