Krisha Johnson
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Philosophy Quiz on Ethics Test 2 Study Guide, created by Krisha Johnson on 02/10/2016.

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Ethics Test 2 Study Guide

Question 1 of 41

1

Kant’s view is like rule utilitarianism in that

Select one of the following:

  • both believe that human happiness is an essential component of what is morally right or wrong

  • both believe that the formulation of rules is an important part of moral reasoning

  • both believe we can be certain about the moral rules we use

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 2 of 41

1

According to Kant, it is always wrong to treat a person as a means

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 3 of 41

1

On Kant’s view, telling a person the truth sometimes treats that person merely as a means if the truth is hurtful

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 41

1

Treating a person better than he or she deserves treats that person as an end by recognizing the intrinsic value of that person

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 41

1

Which of the following is a correct formulation of Kant’s Categorical Imperative?

Select one of the following:

  • Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time desire that it become a universal law

  • So act as to treat humanity, whether yourself or others, in every case as an end withal, never as a means.

  • People always act on the maxim they can at the same time will that they should become a universal law

  • All of the above

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 6 of 41

1

On Kant’s view:

Select one of the following:

  • we know that lying promises are wrong because of our universal experience of the pain such things bring

  • we know that lying promises are wrong but future experience might prove us wrong

  • all moral imperatives are hypothetical imperatives

  • All of the above

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 7 of 41

1

Kant’s view is an abolitionist view

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 41

1

One of the problems for Kant’s view is that a moral absolute such as “Always tell the truth” might conflict with the moral absolute, “Always preserve innocent life.” If morals are absolutes and absolutes can conflict, there may be no correct answer as to what to do in some cases.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 41

1

If a person does what is right out of love for humanity, that person’s act has great moral worth, according to Kant

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 41

1

If a person does the right thing because reason says to do it, the act has no moral worth unless the person is motivated by love of humanity

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 41

1

The object of On Liberty is to assert one very simple principle, according to Mill. What is that principle?

Select one of the following:

  • The Principle of Utility

  • The Categorical Imperative

  • The Harm Principle

  • The Liberty Principle

Explanation

Question 12 of 41

1

According to the principle defended in On Liberty,

Select one of the following:

  • We are never allowed to interfere in a person’s liberty

  • We are permitted to interfere with a person’s liberty on paternalistic grounds

  • We are never allowed to interfere with an individual’s liberty on paternalistic grounds

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 13 of 41

1

Mill argues that the reason we are free is that we are born with inalienable rights, one of them being the right to liberty

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 41

1

What does Mill mean by “utility” in On Liberty?

Select one of the following:

  • Utility in its lowest sense, consisting only in the total quantity of pleasure for all affected.

  • Utility in its largest sense, grounded on the permanent interests of man as a progressive being

  • He means that we are born with inalienable natural rights

Explanation

Question 15 of 41

1

If a controversial view is true and the majority believes that the contrary view is false, the controversial view should not be allowed because it will make the majority unhappy, according to Mill.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 16 of 41

1

If a view is false and offensive to the greatest number, it should not be allowed because of the pain it will produce

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 41

1

Which of the following is true regarding Mill’s view on the liberty of action?

Select one of the following:

  • We are free to do only those actions that promote the greatest good for the greatest number

  • We are free to do anything at all we want to do

  • We are free to do anything we choose so long as it does not harm others

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 18 of 41

1

Does Mill think we should be able to do things that hurt ourselves if they only hurt ourselves?

Select one of the following:

  • Yes, because Mill hated people and hoped they would kill themselves

  • No, because when persons hurt themselves, even if they hurt only themselves, the amount of pain in the world increases.

  • Yes, because allowing people to choose for themselves in an indispensable element in utility in the largest sense grounded on the permanent interests of man as a progressive being

  • None of the above

Explanation

Question 19 of 41

1

What is Mill’s view of what he calls “experiments in living?

Select one of the following:

  • They should be allowed only if they provide the greatest good for the greatest number

  • They should be allowed (if people want to try them) so that we can progress

  • Experience has shown that new ways of living produce more harm than good

Explanation

Question 20 of 41

1

According to Mill, unless a view is defended fully, frequently, and fearlessly

Select one of the following:

  • it will be held as a dead dogma, not as a living truth

  • it will be held in the manner of a prejudice with little comprehension or feeling of its rational grounds

  • the meaning of the doctrine itself will be in danger of being lost, or enfeebled, and deprived of its vital effect on the character and conduct

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 21 of 41

1

Mill argues that in every conceivable case, utility is maximized by allowing a view to be promoted rather than by suppressing that view. How many conceivable cases are there?

Select one of the following:

  • 1

  • 2

  • 3

  • There are an infinite number of cases.

Explanation

Question 22 of 41

1

One of the problems raised against utilitarianism concerns justice. What is the problem?

Select one of the following:

  • It is well known that utilitarians are unjust by nature

  • Actions don’t have consequences after all

  • If an unjust act promotes more utility than a just act, utilitarianism seems to say the unjust act is the right act

  • It is not just for people to be happy

Explanation

Question 23 of 41

1

According to rule utilitarianism, the government ought to rule its people harshly to promote the greater good

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 24 of 41

1

Which of the following are raised as objections to utilitarianism?

Select one of the following:

  • Violating a person’s rights might promote the greatest good for the greatest number

  • Enslaving a small minority might promote the greatest good for the greatest number

  • Punishing the innocent might promote the greatest good for the greatest number

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 25 of 41

1

Act utilitarianism is sometimes called indirect utilitarianism because actions have consequences only indirectly

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 26 of 41

1

According to rule utilitarianism:

Select one of the following:

  • We ought to promote the greatest good for the greatest number with each act we do

  • We ought to rule over those who care about self-interest alone

  • We ought to obey the rule that would promote the greatest good for the greatest number

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 27 of 41

1

How are we to choose which rules are best, according to rule utilitarianism?

Select one of the following:

  • Rules should be selected from holy books

  • Rules should be selected by reason alone

  • Rules should be selected by experience

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 28 of 41

1

According to rule utilitarianism, moral rules are intrinsically valuable

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 29 of 41

1

We concluded in class that rule utilitarianism can meet important objections raised against act utilitarianism

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 30 of 41

1

Unlike ethical relativism, which has found little favor among philosophers, many philosophers have thought utilitarianism a plausible theory.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 31 of 41

1

According to Rule Utilitarianism, justice is intrinsically valuable

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 32 of 41

1

Kant’s view is a rationalist view. That means Kant believes that all moral knowledge comes through experience?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 33 of 41

1

On Kant’s view, moral truths can be known with certainty?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 34 of 41

1

Kant’s view is deontological. That means that it is rooted in religious duty rather than consequences?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 35 of 41

1

Which of the following is an imperative?

Select one of the following:

  • People always act on the maxim they can will to be a universal law

  • Treating humanity, whether yourself or others, always as an end and never as a means only is right

  • Act only on the maxim you could will to be a universal law

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 36 of 41

1

According to Kant, the only thing good in itself is

Select one of the following:

  • Pleasure

  • Happiness

  • The Good Will

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 37 of 41

1

A will is a good will if and only if it sincerely desires to do the right thing and always acts according to that desire

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 38 of 41

1

If a person does the right thing by keeping a promise, that act has no moral worth if it is done solely out of love for the person, on Kant’s view

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 39 of 41

1

A hypothetical imperative is in the form, “If you want X, then do Y!”

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 40 of 41

1

Kant thought moral imperatives are hypothetical imperatives?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 41 of 41

1

A good will, according to Kant, is the will that chooses according to reason and is not swayed by desire.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

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