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Arthrology, Myology - Part 1 (b)

Question 51 of 53 Question 1 of 53

1

The pulse of the femoral artery is best felt at which superficial reference point?

Select one of the following:

  • Mid-thigh

  • Right lateral portion of the hypogastrium

  • Popliteal fossa

  • Anterior to the ankle joint

  • Femoral triangle

Explanation

Question 3 of 53 Question 2 of 53

1

At which site could one expect to enter the femoral vein with a simple percutaneous (through the skin) introduction of an instrument?

Select one of the following:

  • Medial to the pubic tubercle

  • Lateral to the femoral arterial pulse

  • Medial to the femoral arterial pulse

  • Above the middle of the inguinal ligament

  • Lateral to the pubic tubercle

Explanation

Question 25 of 53 Question 3 of 53

1

What anterior thigh muscle must be retracted to expose the adductor canal and its contents?

Select one of the following:

  • Vastus intermedius

  • Sartorius

  • Rectus femoris

  • Gracilis

  • Adductor magnus

Explanation

Question 29 of 53 Question 4 of 53

1

An obturator hernia that compresses the obturator nerve in the obturator canal may affect the function of all of the following muscles EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • Adductor longus

  • Pectineus

  • Adductor brevis

  • Gracilis

Explanation

Question 21 of 53 Question 5 of 53

1

Which of the following is NOT located within the adductor canal?

Select one of the following:

  • Femoral vein

  • Deep femoral artery

  • Saphenous nerve

  • Nerve to vastus medialis

  • Femoral artery

Explanation

Question 36 of 53 Question 6 of 53

1

Inability to extend the knee and loss of cutaneous sensation over the anterior surface of the thigh would indicate a lesion or compression of the:

Select one of the following:

  • Femoral nerve

  • Sciatic nerve

  • Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

  • Obturator nerve

  • Superior gluteal nerve

Explanation

Question 13 of 53 Question 7 of 53

1

Which statement is true?

Select one of the following:

  • The femoral artery lies medial to the femoral vein

  • The femoral vein lies medial to the femoral artery

  • The external iliac veins join to form the inferior vena cava

  • The inferior vena cava cannot be imaged radiographically

  • A and C

Explanation

Question 40 of 53 Question 8 of 53

1

The femoral artery enters the popliteal fossa (becoming the popliteal artery) by passing through the:

Select one of the following:

  • Saphenous opening

  • Femoral sheath

  • Femoral canal

  • Femoral triangle

  • Adductor hiatus

Explanation

Question 10 of 53 Question 9 of 53

1

When the femur is fractured, the broken distal end often turns posteriorly to enter the popliteal fossa due to muscle traction. Because of its position deepest in the fossa, which structure is most vulnerable to laceration?

Select one of the following:

  • Common fibular n.

  • Popliteal v.

  • Lesser saphenous v.

  • Popliteal a.

  • Tibial n.

Explanation

Question 38 of 53 Question 10 of 53

1

The deep femoral artery is the principle blood source for the muscles in which compartment of the thigh?

Select one of the following:

  • Medial (adductor)

  • Posterior (hamstring)

  • Anterior

  • Lateral (gluteal)

Explanation

Question 6 of 53 Question 11 of 53

1

A fracture of the ishial tuberosity might be expected to most directly affect the muscles that produce which lower limb movement?

Select one of the following:

  • Adduction at the hip

  • Flexion at the hip

  • Flexion at the knee

  • Abduction at the hip

  • Extension at the knee

Explanation

Question 46 of 53 Question 12 of 53

1

An elderly patient complains of difficulty in walking up stairs. Tests by her doctor reveal weakness in extension at her hip, but no change in hip flexion, or flexion or extension of the knee. Based upon these results, what muscle is most likely not functioning properly.

Select one of the following:

  • Iliopsoas

  • Semitendinosus

  • Gluteus medius

  • Adductor magnus

  • Gluteus maximus

Explanation

Question 33 of 53 Question 13 of 53

1

Weakness in climbing stairs or jumping would indicate a lesion of which nerve?

Select one of the following:

  • Tibial

  • Obturator

  • Inferior gluteal

  • Superior gluteal

  • Femoral

Explanation

Question 32 of 53 Question 14 of 53

1

The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve comes from the:

Select one of the following:

  • Medial cord nerve

  • Musculocutaneous nerve

  • Radial nerve

  • Ulnar nerve

  • Axillary nerve

Explanation

Question 43 of 53 Question 15 of 53

1

In withdrawing a blood sample from the median cubital vein the needle passes slightly deep and medial; which nerve might possibly be injured?

Select one of the following:

  • Medial antebrachial cutaneous

  • Posterior antebrachial cutaneous

  • Lateral antebrachial cutaneous

  • Superficial radial

  • Dorsal ulnar cutaneous

Explanation

Question 52 of 53 Question 16 of 53

1

The vein of choice for withdrawing blood is the:

Select one of the following:

  • Median cubital

  • Caphalic

  • Median antebrachial

  • Basilic

Explanation

Question 8 of 53 Question 17 of 53

1

Which of the following statements for knee joint is true:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Medial meniscus gets 10 times more frequently injured.

  • Can only do flexion and extension

  • Is synovial joint:

  • Possesses synovial pockets called bursae

  • The knee cap (patella) takes part in this joint

Explanation

Question 28 of 53 Question 18 of 53

1

The following nerves are directly related to the humerus

Select one or more of the following:

  • The axillary (circumflex) nerve

  • The ulnar nerve

  • The musculocutaneous nerve.

  • The radial nerve

  • The median nerve

Explanation

Question 35 of 53 Question 19 of 53

1

The shaft of the humerus

Select one or more of the following:

  • Has the brachialis muscle attached to its anterior surface

  • Has a nutrient foramen directed downwards

  • Has the radial nerve posterior to it

  • Has the lateral head of the triceps muscle attached to its upper posterior part

  • In the adult contains red bone marrow

Explanation

Question 31 of 53 Question 20 of 53

1

The basilic vein

Select one or more of the following:

  • Begins on the medial side of the back of the wrist

  • Ends after piercing the clavipectoral fascia.

  • Is medial to the biceps muscle in the upper arm

  • Ends by joining the subclavian

  • Becomes deep about the middle of the upper arm

Explanation

Question 30 of 53 Question 21 of 53

1

The upper end of the humerus

Select one or more of the following:

  • Has the teres major muscle attached to the floor of the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)

  • Has the capsular ligament of the glenohumeral attached to the whole of the anatomical neck.

  • Has three epiphyses which fuse separately with the shaft

  • Has the subscapularis muscle attached to the greater tuberosity

  • Is the growing end of the humerus

Explanation

Question 48 of 53 Question 22 of 53

1

The cephalic vein

Select one or more of the following:

  • At the elbow is deep to the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

  • Is medial to the biceps muscle in the upper arm

  • Ends by joining the brachial vein

  • Begins in the region of the anatomical snuff box

  • Has no valves

Explanation

Question 49 of 53 Question 23 of 53

1

The medial cord of the brachial plexus

Select one or more of the following:

  • Gives a branch to the pectoralis major muscle

  • Lies medial to the axillary artery

  • Forms part of the median nerve

  • Gives origin to the ulnar nerve

  • Contains fibres of the fifth cervical spinal nerve

Explanation

Question 19 of 53 Question 24 of 53

1

The axillary nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • Passes backwards inferior to the teres major muscle

  • Supplies the deltoid and teres minor muscles

  • Contains fibres from the fifth and sixth cervical spinal nerves

  • Has no cutaneous branches

  • Is medial to the long head of the triceps muscle.

Explanation

Question 14 of 53 Question 25 of 53

1

The pectoralis major muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is attached to the floor of the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)

  • Is a lateral rotator of the upper arm at the glenohumeral joint

  • Is used in climbing a rope by means of the upper limbs

  • Is involved in flexion of the upper arm at the glenohumeral joint

  • Is supplied by branches of the three cords of the brachial plexus

Explanation

Question 16 of 53 Question 26 of 53

1

The posterior cord of the brachial plexus

Select one or more of the following:

  • Contains fibres which supply the muscles on the back of the forearm.

  • Gives off branches which supply the subscapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles

  • Contains fibres from only the seventh and eight cervical spinal nerves

  • Is posterior to the axillary artery

  • Gives off a branch which joins the median nerve

Explanation

Question 7 of 53 Question 27 of 53

1

The deltoid muscle (or part of it) can be used in

Select one or more of the following:

  • Lateral rotation of the upper arm at the glenohumeral joint

  • Flexion of the upper arm at the glenohumeral joint.

  • Adduction of the upper arm at the glenohumeral joint

  • Abduction of the upper arm at the glenohumeral joint

  • Medial rotation of the upper arm at the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

Explanation

Question 17 of 53 Question 28 of 53

1

The lower end of the humerus

Select one or more of the following:

  • Has part of the supinator muscle attached to it

  • Usually has its four separate epiphyses by 12 years

  • Fuses with the shaft before the upper end fuses with the shaft

  • Has the ulnar nerve running posterior to its lateral part

  • Has part of the pronator teres muscle attached to it.

Explanation

Question 39 of 53 Question 29 of 53

1

Flexion of the upper limb at the shoulder through 180' from the anatomical position

Select one or more of the following:

  • Involves a muscle supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve

  • Involves the contraction of the serratus anterior muscle

  • Involves the contraction of the anterior part of the deltoid muscle

  • Involves muscles supplied mainly by the eight cervical spinal nerve

  • Requires the contraction of the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major muscle

Explanation

Question 23 of 53 Question 30 of 53

1

In the cubital (antecubital) fossa

Select one or more of the following:

  • The ulnar nerve is on the medial side

  • The radial nerve is on the lateral side

  • The brachial artery is lateral to the tendon of the biceps muscles.

  • The median nerve passes downwards on the lateral side of the brachial artery

  • All the superficial veins are deep to the cutaneous nerves

Explanation

Question 34 of 53 Question 31 of 53

1

The deltoid muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is supplied solely by the sixth and seventh cervical spinal nerves

  • Is attached to the humerus just distal to the lesser tuberosity.

  • Is attached to the posterior surface of the clavicle

  • Is supplied solely by the axillary (circumflex) nerve

  • Is associated with contraction of the supraspinatus muscle in abduction of the upper arm at the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

Explanation

Question 42 of 53 Question 32 of 53

1

The femoral vein in the femoral triangle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Directly receives the profunda femoris vein.

  • Is medial to the femoral artery

  • Directly receives the greater (long) saphenous vein

  • Directly receives the superficial epigastric vein

  • Is lateral to the femoral canal

Explanation

Question 4 of 53 Question 33 of 53

1

The following muscles are inserted into the greater trochanter of femur EXCEPT:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Gluteus medius

  • Obturator externus

  • Piriformis

  • Gluteus maximus

  • Gluteus minimus

Explanation

Question 9 of 53 Question 34 of 53

1

The adductor (subsartorial) canal

Select one or more of the following:

  • Contains a large arterial branch which takes part in the anastomosis round the knee joint

  • Is bounded laterally by the vastus lateralis muscle

  • Contains the saphenous nerve

  • Contains the profunda femoris vessels

  • Contains the nerve to the vastus medialis muscle

Explanation

Question 41 of 53 Question 35 of 53

1

The femoral canal

Select one or more of the following:

  • Contains the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve

  • Contains some lymph vessels

  • At the proximal end is medial to the femoral vein

  • Is the lateral compartment of the femoral sheath

  • At its proximal end its posterior to the inguinal ligament

Explanation

Question 44 of 53 Question 36 of 53

1

The obturator nerve:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Has a posterior branch which supplies the obturator externus muscle

  • Has no cutaneous branches

  • Supplies both the hip and knee joints

  • Has an anterior branch which is anterior to the adductor longus muscle

  • Is lateral to the ureter in the pelvis

Explanation

Question 11 of 53 Question 37 of 53

1

The piriformis muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is a lateral rotator of the thigh at the hip

  • Is attached to the greater trochanter

  • Has the sciatic nerve emerging inferior to its lower border

  • Emerges from the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen

  • Is inferior to the gluteus medius in the buttock

Explanation

Question 18 of 53 Question 38 of 53

1

The femoral nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • Supplies the pectineus muscle

  • Supplies the obturator externus muscle

  • Supplies the iliacus

  • Continues as a cutaneous branch which runs along the lateral border of the foot

  • Lies within the femoral sheath

Explanation

Question 15 of 53 Question 39 of 53

1

The deep fascia of the thigh

Select one or more of the following:

  • Transmits only veins

  • Is deep to the great (long) saphenous vein

  • Is attached to the inguinal ligament

  • Contains the saphenous opening which is situated 3cm below and medial to the pubic tubercle.

  • Receives the insertion of the whole of the tensor fasciae latae muscle

Explanation

Question 12 of 53 Question 40 of 53

1

The biceps femoris muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is entirely innervated by the common peroneal (lateral popliteal) nerve

  • Is superficial to the common peroneal nerve

  • Has a common origin with the semitendinosus muscle from the ischial tuberosity

  • Has a short head which is attached to the femur medial to the attached of the adductor magnus muscle

  • Is a lateral rotator of the leg on the thigh when the leg is fully extended at the knee joint

Explanation

Question 1 of 53 Question 41 of 53

1

With regard to the quadriceps femoris muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • The lowermost fibres of the vastus medialis are vertically arranged

  • The vastus intermedius is attached to the medial surface of the femur

  • Its nerve supply comes from the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves.

  • The rectus femoris has one attachment to the hip bone.

  • The vastus lateralis has fleshy fibres extending more distally than those of the vastus medialis

  • None of the above (option not included on the test)

Explanation

Question 20 of 53 Question 42 of 53

1

The gluteus maximus muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Contracts during normal walking on flat ground

  • Is attached to the introchanteric line of the femur

  • Is an extensor of the trunk on the lower limb

  • Contracts during normal walking upstairs.

  • Is attached to the iliotibial tract

Explanation

Question 27 of 53 Question 43 of 53

1

The femoral nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • Gives off the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

  • Gives branches to the quadriceps femoris muscle

  • Gives directly or indirectly branches to the hip and knee joints

  • Lies between the psoas and iliacus muscle external to the fascia iliiaca

  • Originates from the second, third and fourth lumbar spinal nerves

Explanation

Question 45 of 53 Question 44 of 53

1

The popliteal artery

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is lateral to the semimembranosus muscle

  • Is anterior to the tibial (medial popliteal nerve)

  • Is anterior to the popliteal vein

  • Divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries at the lower border of the popliteus muscle

  • Is anterior to the popliteus muscle

Explanation

Question 24 of 53 Question 45 of 53

1

The psoas major muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is innervated by the anterior primary rami of the first three lumbar spinal nerves

  • In its upper part is posteromedial to the ureter.

  • Is an extensor of the thigh at the hip

  • Is attached to the lesser trochanter

  • Is lateral to the femoral nerve

Explanation

Question 26 of 53 Question 46 of 53

1

The femoral triangle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Has a floor formed by the iliacus muscle, the psoas major tendon, the pectineus muscle and adductor longus muscle

  • Is roofed over by the fascia lata of the thigh

  • Contains the obturator nerve

  • Contains the femoral vessels with the femoral nerve medial to them

  • Is bounded below and medially by the adductor brevis muscle

Explanation

Question 47 of 53 Question 47 of 53

1

The right gluteus medius muscle

Select one or more of the following:

  • Is usually contracted when standing on the right lower limb.

  • Is essential for normal walking on flat ground

  • Is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve

  • Is attached to the lateral side of the greater trochanter

  • Is an abductor of the thigh at the hip

Explanation

Question 50 of 53 Question 48 of 53

1

The femoral artery

Select one or more of the following:

  • Lies behind psoas major on the capsule of the hip joint

  • Has no branches in the adductor canal

  • Is deep to the adductor brevis muscle

  • Passes through the adductor longus muscle

  • Is anterior to the femoral vein in the upper part of the adductor (subsartorial) canal

Explanation

Question 22 of 53 Question 49 of 53

1

The obturator nerve

Select one or more of the following:

  • Supplies the gracilis muscle

  • Lies above the obturator vessels on the lateral wall of the pelvis

  • Arises from the second, third and fourth lumbar nerves

  • Supplies the obturator internus muscle

  • Has no sensory branches

Explanation

Question 5 of 53 Question 50 of 53

1

The deltoid

Select one or more of the following:

  • Together with the head of humerus, it is responsible for the characteristic roundness of the shoulder

  • Is supplied by the radial nerve

  • Inserts into a rough elevation on lateral aspect of humerus

  • Has an extensive range of action because it is multipennate

  • Initiates abduction of the shoulder

Explanation

Question 2 of 53 Question 51 of 53

1

The axillary artery

Select one or more of the following:

  • Begins at the upper border of the clavicle

  • Terminates as it crosses the inferior border of pectoralis minor

  • Has the median nerve anterior to its proximal third

  • Has the radial nerve behind its distal third

  • Is contained in the axillary sheath

Explanation

Question 37 of 53 Question 52 of 53

1

The biceps brachii:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Both supinates and pronates the forearm

  • Tendon of long head is partially enclosed in synovial membrane

  • Flexes both the shoulder and the elbow joints

  • Short head arises from clavicle

  • Is supplied by the median nerve

Explanation

Question 53 of 53 Question 53 of 53

1

In the adult vertebral column

Select one or more of the following:

  • There is more rotation about a longitudinal axis in the thoracic region than in the lumbar region

  • There is more flexion and extension in the lumbar region than in the thoracic region

  • The shape of the intervertebral discs contributes to the secondary curves

  • The primary curves are in the thoracic and sacral region.

  • The transverse processes are posterior to the articular processes in all the vertebrae

Explanation

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