What percentage of Americans are either overweight or obese?
67%
70%
74%
54%
A test that estimates body composition by measuring subcutaneous fat is ________.
the skinfold test
the air displacement test
a waist-to-hip ratio
hydrostatic weighing
Men tend to store body fat below the abdomen, whereas women tend to store body fat around the abdomen.
The phenomenon of fat storage around the waist, most common in men, is known as the ________ pattern of obesity.
android
gynoid
adipose
subcutaneous
Body composition refers to the relative amounts of fat and ________ in the body.
muscle and bone
muscle
fat-free mass
lean muscle
A woman with over 35% of body fat is classified as ________.
normal weight
overweight
underweight
obese
Being underweight is a risk factor for which of the following diseases?
type 2 diabetes
osteoporosis
arthritis
sleep apnea
The optimal body fat percentage for men is estimated to be ________.
5-10%
8-19%
20-35%
20-25%
Men carry a greater percentage of essential body fat than women.
Type 2 diabetes is greatly associated with poor nutritional choices and lack of physical exercise.
Which of the following should make up most of the carbohydrates in a healthy diet?
simple carbs
fructose
amino acids
complex carbs
Which form of carbohydrate is the only one used by the body in its natural form?
lactose
glucose
maltose
Which of the following comes from animal sources and is solid at room temperature?
vegetable oil
saturated fats
starches
unsaturated fats
The primary function of protein in the diet is to serve as ________.
structural units to build tissue
form of energy storage
enzymes for biochemical reactions
nerve chemcials
Both fat and protein contain approximately 4 kcal per gram.
A well-balanced diet should consist of approximately 58% carbohydrates, 30% fat, and 12% protein.
Low-intensity prolonged exercise burns primarily fat calories.
Energy balance can best be explained as ________.
energy intake = energy expenditure
energy intake > energy expenditure
energy intake < energy expenditure
energy intake รท energy expenditure
When a person is losing body fat, most fat loss occurs in body areas with the highest fat storage.
Resting metabolic rate is the combination of ________ and energy required to perform sedentary activities such as sitting, reading, typing, and digesting food.
basal metabolic rate
total metabolic rate
exercise metabolic rate
daily expenditure
Which of the following is not a factor that affects resting metabolic rate?
height
gender
age
lean muscle mass
Which hormone triggers nerve signals running from the gut to the brain causing hunger?
estrogen
insulin
ghrelin
leptin