Eunho Lee
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Professional Child Psychopathology Quiz on Child Psychopathology Test C, created by Eunho Lee on 15/01/2016.

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Child Psychopathology Test C

Question 1 of 25

1

A 7-year-old boy in second grade displays significant delays in his ability to reason, solve problems, and learn from his experiences. He has been slow to develop reading, writing, and mathematics skills in school. All through development,
these skills lagged behind peers, although he is making slow progress. These deficits significantly impair his ability to play in an age-appropriate manner with peers and to begin to acquire independent skills at home. He requires ongoing assistance with basic skills (dressing, feeding, and bathing himself; doing any type of schoolwork) on a daily basis. What is the appropriate severity rating for this patient’s current presentation?

Select one of the following:

  • Mild

  • Moderate

  • Severe

  • Profound

  • Cannot be determined without an IQ score.

Explanation

Question 2 of 25

1

Which of the following is not a diagnostic feature of intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder)?

Select one of the following:

  • A full-scale IQ of less than 70.

  • Inability to perform complex daily living tasks (e.g., money management, medical decision making) without support.

  • Gullibility, with naiveté in social situations and a tendency to be easily led by others.

  • Lack of age-appropriate communication skills for social and interpersonal functioning.

Explanation

Question 3 of 25

1

Which of the following statements about the developmental course of intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) is true?

Select one of the following:

  • Delayed motor, language, and social milestones are not identifiable until after the first 2 years of life.

  • Intellectual disability caused by an illness (e.g., encephalitis) or by head trauma occurring during the developmental period would be diagnosed as a neurocognitive disorder, not as intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder).

  • Intellectual disability is always nonprogressive.

  • Major neurocognitive disorder may co-occur with intellectual developmental disorder.

  • Even if early and ongoing interventions throughout childhood and adulthood lead to improved adaptive and intellectual functioning, the diagnosis of intellectual disability would continue to apply.

Explanation

Question 4 of 25

1

In which of the following situations would a diagnosis of global developmental delay be inappropriate?

Select one of the following:

  • The patient is a child who is too young to fully manifest specific symptoms or to complete requisite assessments.

  • The patient, a 7-year-old boy, has a full-scale IQ of 65 and severe impairment in adaptive functioning.

  • The patient’s scores on psychometric tests suggest intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder), but there is insufficient information about the patient’s adaptive functional skills.

  • The patient’s impaired adaptive functioning suggests intellectual developmental disorder, but there is insufficient information about the level of cognitive impairment measured by standardized instruments.

  • The patient’s cognitive and adaptive impairments suggest intellectual developmental
    disorder, but there is insufficient information about age at onset of the condition.

Explanation

Question 5 of 25

1

A 5-year-old boy has difficulty making friends and problems with initiating and sustaining back-and-forth conversation; reading social cues; and sharing his feelings with others. He makes good eye contact, has normal speech intonation,
displays facial gestures, and has a range of affect that generally seems appropriate to the situation. He demonstrates an interest in trains that seems abnormal in intensity and focus, and he engages in little imaginative or symbolic play. Which of the following diagnostic requirements for autism spectrum disorder are not met in this case?

Select one of the following:

  • Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity.

  • Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction.

  • Deficits in developing and maintaining relationships.

  • Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities as manifested by symptoms in two of the specified four categories.

  • Symptoms with onset in early childhood that cause clinically significant impairment.

Explanation

Question 6 of 25

1

A 7-year-old girl presents with a history of normal language skills (vocabulary
and grammar intact) but is unable to use language in a socially pragmatic manner
to share ideas and feelings. She has never made good eye contact, and she
has difficulty reading social cues. Consequently, she has had difficulty making
friends, which is further complicated by her being somewhat obsessed with
cartoon characters, which she repetitively scripts. She tends to excessively smell objects. Because she insists on wearing the same shirt and shorts every day, regardless of the season, getting dressed is a difficult activity. These symptoms date from early childhood and cause significant impairment in her functioning. What diagnosis best fits this child’s presentation?

Select one of the following:

  • Asperger’s disorder.

  • Autism spectrum disorder.

  • Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).

  • Social (pragmatic) communication disorder.

  • Rett syndrome.

Explanation

Question 7 of 25

1

A 25-year-old man presents with long-standing nonverbal communication deficits, inability to have a back-and-forth conversation or share interests in an appropriate fashion, and a complete lack of interest in having relationships with others. His speech reflects awkward phrasing and intonation and is mechanical in nature. He has a history of sequential fixations and obsessions with various games and objects throughout childhood; however, this is not currently a major issue for him. This patient meets criteria for autism spectrum disorder; true or false?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 8 of 25

1

Which of the following is not a specifier included in the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder?

Select one of the following:

  • With or without accompanying intellectual impairment.

  • With or without associated dementia.

  • With or without accompanying language impairment.

  • Associated with a known medical or genetic condition or environmental
    factor.

  • Associated with another neurodevelopmental, mental, or behavioral disorder.

Explanation

Question 9 of 25

1

Which of the following is not representative of the typical developmental course for autism spectrum disorder?

Select one of the following:

  • Lack of degenerative course.

  • Behavioral deterioration during adolescence.

  • Continued learning and compensation throughout life.

  • Marked presence of symptoms in early childhood and early school years, with developmental gains in later childhood in areas such as social interaction.

  • Good psychosocial functioning in adulthood, as indexed by independent
    living and gainful employment.

Explanation

Question 10 of 25

1

Which of the following disorders is generally not comorbid with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Select one of the following:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

  • Rett syndrome.

  • Selective mutism.

  • Intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder).

  • Stereotypic movement disorder.

Explanation

Question 11 of 25

1

A 7-year-old boy is having behavioral and social difficulties in his second grade class. Although he seems to be able to attend and is doing “well” from an academic standpoint (though seemingly not what he is capable of), he is constantly interrupting, fidgeting, talking excessively, and getting out of his seat. He has friends, but he sometimes annoys his peers because of his difficulty sharing and taking turns and the fact that he is constantly talking over them. Although he seeks out play dates, his friends tire of him because he wants to play sports nonstop. At home, he can barely stay in his seat for a meal and is unable to play quietly. Although he shows remorse when the consequences of his behavior are pointed out to him, he can become angry in response and seems nevertheless unable to inhibit himself. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Bipolar disorder.

  • Autism spectrum disorder.

  • Generalized anxiety disorder.

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, predominantly hyperactive/impulsive.

  • Specific learning disorder.

Explanation

Question 12 of 25

1

What is the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children?

Select one of the following:

  • 8%.

  • 10%.

  • 2%.

  • 0.5%.

  • 5%.

Explanation

Question 13 of 25

1

Which of the following is a biological finding in individuals with attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Select one of the following:

  • Decreased slow-wave activity on electroencephalograms.

  • Reduced total brain volume on magnetic resonance imaging.

  • Early posterior to anterior cortical maturation.

  • Reduced thalamic volume.

  • Increased parietal lobe volume

Explanation

Question 14 of 25

1

A 15-year-old boy has developed concentration problems in school that have been associated with a significant decline in grades. When interviewed, he explains that his mind is occupied with worrying about his mother, who has a serious
autoimmune disease. As his grades falter, he becomes increasingly demoralized and sad, and he notices that his energy level drops, further compromising his ability to pay attention in school. At the same time, he complains of feeling restless and unable to sleep. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Bipolar disorder.

  • Specific learning disorder.

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

  • Adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood.

  • Separation anxiety disorder.

Explanation

Question 15 of 25

1

Specific learning disorder is defined by persistent difficulties in learning academic skills, with onset during the developmental period. Which of the following statements about this disorder is true?

Select one of the following:

  • It is part of a more general learning impairment as manifested in intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder).

  • It can usually be attributed to a sensory, physical, or neurological disorder.

  • It involves pervasive and wide-ranging deficits across multiple domains of information processing.

  • It can be caused by external factors such as economic disadvantage or lack of education.

  • It replaces the DSM-IV diagnoses of reading disorder, mathematics disorder, disorder of written expression, and learning disorder not otherwise specified.

Explanation

Question 16 of 25

1

Which of the following statements about prevalence rates for specific learning disorder is false?

Select one of the following:

  • Prevalence rates range from 5% to 15% among school-age children across languages and cultures.

  • Prevalence in adults is approximately 4%.

  • Specific learning disorder is equally common among males and females.

  • Prevalence rates vary according to the range of ages in the sample, selection criteria, severity of specific learning disorder, and academic domains investigated.

  • Gender ratios cannot be attributed to factors such as ascertainment bias, definitional or measurement variation, language, race, or socioeconomic status.

Explanation

Question 17 of 25

1

Which of the following statements about developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is true?

Select one of the following:

  • The disorder is usually not diagnosed before the age of 7 years.

  • Symptoms have usually improved significantly at 1-year follow-up.

  • In most cases, symptoms are no longer evident by adolescence.

  • DCD has no clear relationship with prenatal alcohol exposure, preterm birth, or low birth weight.

  • Cerebellar dysfunction is hypothesized to play a role in DCD.

Explanation

Question 18 of 25

1

Which of the following is a DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for Tourette’s disorder?

Select one of the following:

  • Tics occur throughout a period of more than 1 year, and during this period there was never a tic-free period of more than 3 consecutive months.

  • Onset is before age 5 years.

  • The tics may wax and wane in frequency but have persisted for more than 1 year since first tic onset.

  • Motor tics must precede vocal tics.

  • The tics may occur many times a day for at least 4 weeks, but no longer than 12 consecutive months.

Explanation

Question 19 of 25

1

A highly functional 20-year-old college student with a history of anxiety symptoms and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, for which she is prescribed lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), tells her psychiatrist that she has been researching
the side effects of her medication for one of her class projects. In addition, she says that for the past week she has been feeling stressed by her schoolwork, and her friends have been asking her why she intermittently bobs her head up and down multiple times a day. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Provisional tic disorder.

  • Unspecified tic disorder.

  • Unspecified anxiety disorder.

  • Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

  • Unspecified stimulant-induced disorder.

Explanation

Question 20 of 25

1

A mother brings her 4-year-old son to you for an evaluation with concerns that her son has struggled with speech articulation since very young. He has not sustained any head injuries, is otherwise healthy, and has a normal IQ. His preschool teacher reports that she does not always understand what he is saying and that other children tease him by calling him a “baby” due to his difficulty with communication. He does not have trouble relating to other people or understanding nonverbal social cues. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Selective mutism.

  • Global developmental delay.

  • Speech sound disorder.

  • Avoidant personality disorder.

  • Unspecified anxiety disorder.

Explanation

Question 21 of 25

1

A 14-year-old boy in regular education tells you that he thinks a girl in class likes him. His mother is surprised to hear this, because she reports that, since a young age, he has often struggled with making inferences or understanding
nuances from what other people say. The teacher has also noticed that he sometimes misses nonverbal cues. He tends to get along better with adults, perhaps because they are not as likely to be put off by his overly formal speech. When he makes jokes, his peers do not always find the humor appropriate. Although he enjoys spending time with his best friend, he can be talkative and struggles with taking turns in conversation. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • Social (pragmatic) communication disorder.

  • Asperger’s disorder.

  • Autism spectrum disorder.

  • Social anxiety disorder.

  • Language disorder.

Explanation

Question 22 of 25

1

A 7-year-old boy who has speech delays presents with long-standing, repetitive hand waving, arm flapping, and finger wiggling. His mother reports that she first noticed these symptoms when he was a toddler and wonders whether
they are tics. She says that he tends to flap more when he is engrossed in activities, such as while watching his favorite television program, but will stop when called or distracted. Based on the mother’s report, which of the following
conditions would be highest on your list of possible diagnoses?

Select one of the following:

  • Provisional tic disorder.

  • Persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic disorder.

  • Chorea.

  • Dystonia.

  • Motor stereotypies.

Explanation

Question 23 of 25

1

Having a family history of which of the following psychiatric disorders increases an individual’s risk of social (pragmatic) communication disorder?

Select one of the following:

  • Social anxiety disorder (social phobia).

  • Autism spectrum disorder.

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

  • Specific learning disorder.

  • Either Autism spectrum disorder or Specific learning disorder.

Explanation

Question 24 of 25

1

Which of the following psychiatric diagnoses is strongly associated with language disorder?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

  • Developmental coordination disorder.

  • Autism spectrum disorder.

  • Social (pragmatic) communication disorder.

  • Conduct disorder

Explanation

Question 25 of 25

1

Which of the following statements about the development of childhood-onset fluency disorder (stuttering) is true?

Select one of the following:

  • Stuttering occurs by age 6 for 80%–90% of affected individuals.

  • Stuttering always begin abruptly and is noticeable to everyone.

  • Stress and anxiety do not exacerbate disfluency.

  • Motor movements are not associated with this disorder.

  • Adult-onset fluency disorders are included under the subcategory of the neurocognitive disorder in DSM-5.

Explanation

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