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Pulmonary Pathophysiology II

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cskrewson0519
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Clinical Medicine: Pulmonary Pathophysiology II

Question 1 of 23

1

If ventilation is reduced by obstruction, the arterial blood will be the same as venous.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 23

1

Which of the following is true regarding right-to-left shunts?

Select one of the following:

  • Cannot be corrected by supplemental O2

  • Will not have any noticeable effect on blood

  • Can be corrected by high supplemental O2

  • Will result in over-oxygenation and possibly death

Explanation

Question 3 of 23

1

Which of the following is true regarding the transport of O2 & CO2 in the body?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Most O2 is reversibly bound to hemoglobin

  • Most CO2 is reversibly bound to hemoglobin

  • Most CO2 diffuses into red blood cells

  • The binding/release of oxygen to hemoglobin depends on PO2, PCO2, temperature, and plasma pH

  • Most O2 is dissolved into the plasma

Explanation

Question 4 of 23

1

ABG measures which of the following:
(Select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Serum pH

  • HCO3

  • O2

  • CO2

  • RBC

Explanation

Question 5 of 23

1

Which of the following are components of the breathing control system: (select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Central chemoreceptors for H+

  • Peripheral chemoreceptors for O2, CO2, and H+

  • mechanoreceptors in the lungs and joints

  • control centers for breathing in the brain stem (medulla and pons)

  • respiratory muscles, regulated by the brain stem center

Explanation

Question 6 of 23

1

Which of the following is/are true of hypercapnia, under normal conditions: (select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Excess CO2 will easily diffuse into CSF and lower pH

  • Respiratory acidosis will cause excitation of nervous system

  • Will cause hyperventilation

  • Will cause hypoventilation

  • Respiratory acidosis will cause nervous system depression

Explanation

Question 7 of 23

1

Which of the following are accurate:
(select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Yellowish-green, cloudy, thick mucus is often an indication of a bacterial infection

  • Rusty or dark-colored sputum is usually a sign of pneumococcal pneumonia

  • Very large amounts of purulent sputum with foul odor may be associated with bronchiectasis

  • Blood-tinged sputum may result from chronic cough or may also be a sign of TB or a tumor

  • Blood-tinged (bright red) frothy sputum is usually associated with pulmonary edema

Explanation

Question 8 of 23

1

Which of the following are accurate associations between breath sounds and disease states: (select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Rhonchi: acute bronchitis

  • Stridor: cold/flu

  • Vesicular: asthma

  • Rales: pneumonia

  • Wheezing: upper airway obstruction

Explanation

Question 9 of 23

1

Dyspnea may be due to decreased O2 or increased CO2.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 23

1

Orthopnea, in which dyspnea occurs upon lying down, is usually due to pulmonary congestion.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 23

1

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is commonly associated with:

Select one of the following:

  • left-sided congestive heart failure

  • hypersensitivity pneumonitis

  • obstructive sleep apnea

  • cystic fibrosis

Explanation

Question 12 of 23

1

A lobar pneumonia may spread to the pleural cavity and become an empyema.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 23

1

Atypical pneumonia, often associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a type of interstitial pneumonia affecting the areas between the alveoli.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 23

1

Which of the following are true regarding cystic fibrosis? (select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • it is an inherited (genetic) disorder

  • primarily affects lungs and pancreas

  • common infections in these pts include P. aeruginosa and S. aureus

  • it may obstruct bile ducts

  • may obstruct vas deferens (in males) and cervix (in females)

  • sweat may contain high salt content

Explanation

Question 15 of 23

1

Malabsorption, steatorrhea, abdominal distention, and frequent respiratory infections are all indicative of what disease?

Select one of the following:

  • Goodpasture's syndrome

  • COPD

  • Cystic fibrosis

  • TB

  • Wegener's granulomatous

Explanation

Question 16 of 23

1

The exocrine gland dysfunction associated with cystic fibrosis may result in what sequelae? (select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Diabetes mellitus

  • Biliary cirrhosis

  • Electrolyte imbalance and dehydration

  • Infertility

  • Cor pulmonale

Explanation

Question 17 of 23

1

Adenocarcinomas and bronchoalveolar cell carcinomas are usually found on periphery of lungs.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 18 of 23

1

Aspiration may result in:

Select one of the following:

  • pneumonia

  • respiratory distress syndrome

  • pulmonary abscess

  • A & C only

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 19 of 23

1

Which of the following are contributing factor to emphysema? (select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Genetic deficiency

  • Genetic tendency

  • Cigarette smoking

  • Pathogenic bacteria

  • Viral infection

Explanation

Question 20 of 23

1

Advanced emphysema may cause:
(select all that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • Pneumothorax

  • Pulmonary HTN

  • Cor pulmonale

  • Atelectasis

Explanation

Question 21 of 23

1

Adjacent damaged alveoli may coalesce to form large air spaces and large blebs may rupture causing pneumothorax in this disorder:

Select one of the following:

  • emphysema

  • chronic bronchitis

  • cystic fibrosis

  • wegener's granulomatous

Explanation

Question 22 of 23

1

Fixation of ribs in an respiratory position, increased anterior-posterior diameter of thorax (barrel chest), and a flattened diaphragm (on radiographs) are all signs of:

Select one of the following:

  • emphysema

  • TB

  • cystic fibrosis

  • hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Explanation

Question 23 of 23

1

Chronic ___________ lung disorders may result from long-term exposure to irritating particles, resulting in inflammation and gradual destruction of connective tissue.

Select one of the following:

  • obstructive

  • restrictive

Explanation

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