What ion's concentration gradient is responsible for maintaining resting membrane potential

animal without a respiratory system

space inside hydra

what are the three components neccessary for most excretory systems

what excretory system does not utilize filtration?

annelids have ____type of excretory system

Nephron

Nephritis

bowman's capsule

PCT
(Proximal Convoluted Tubule)

Loop of Henle

DCT
Distil Convoluted Tubule

vasa recta

Peri-tubular capillaries

Glomerular filtration rate
(GFR)

Acedosis

Acidosis
(compensatory mechanisms

urea