Antimicrobial resistence

Question 1 of 77

1

Definition KPC

Klebsiella Pneumoniae carbapenemase

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 2 of 77

1

Beta-lactams don’t work on atypical bacteria, because:
Atypical bacteria lack cell walls and thus are naturally resistant against all beta-lactams
&
because beta-lactams act by preventing the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 3 of 77

1

Which bacteriaare intrinsically resistant to vancomycin (glycopeptide)

Select one of the following:

a) Lactobacillus
b) Erysipelothrix
c) a+b

Explanation

Question 4 of 77

1

Resistance to ❌. is caused by chromosomal mutation in structural genes of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Quinolones

Explanation

Question 5 of 77

1

Which Bacteria can become resistant to Macrolides

Select one or more of the following:

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus

Explanation

Question 6 of 77

1

In gentamicin active efflux of drug in bactericides

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 7 of 77

1

Chloramphenicol is the enzymatic modifcation of acetyltransferase-

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 8 of 77

1

Which resistant bacterias are enzymatic

Select one or more of the following:

PRSA
HLAR
MRSA
ESBL
KPC

Explanation

Question 9 of 77

1

Resistant bacterias witch are NOT enzymatic but have an altered target site

Select one or more of the following:

MLSb
PRSP
MBL
MRSA
VRE

Explanation

Question 10 of 77

1

MRSA ?
❌ ❌ ❌ ❌
resistant against all beta-lactams and inhibitors, excluding 5th generation of cephalosporins

Drag and drop to complete the text.

methicillin

resistant

staphylococcus

aureus

Explanation

Question 11 of 77

1

Which Bacteria are resistant against Beta Lactams

Select one or more of the following:

MBL - Metallobetalactamases
KPC - Klebisella pneumonia carbapanemase / CPE - Carbapanemase producing Enterobacteriaceae
MRSA (with exception to 5th gen cephalosporin)
Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
Chlamydia + VRE - Vancomyocinr resistant enterococcus

Explanation

Question 12 of 77

1

Which of the following phenotypes relate to the enzyme production

Select one or more of the following:

VRE
ESBL - positive
HLAR
PRSP
MBL - positive
NDM - positive

Explanation

Question 13 of 77

1

Which of the following phenotypes relate to the enzyme production

Select one or more of the following:

VRE
ESBL
HLAR
PRSP
MBL
Ch-

Explanation

Question 14 of 77

1

❌: Resistant to narrow penicillin & possibly 3rd gen cephalosporin

Drag and drop to complete the text.

PRSP

MRSA

HLAR

Explanation

Question 15 of 77

1

Which Bacteria are resistant to narrow penicillin

Select one of the following:

a) E.coli
b) PRSP
c) MRSA
d) b+c
e) All of the mentionend

Explanation

Question 16 of 77

1

Which of the following may become resistent (aquired) to tigecycline

1) E.coli
2) P.aeruginosa
3) Acinetobacter baumannii
4) proteus mirabilis
5) K. pneumoniae

Select one of the following:

a) 1,2,3,5
b) 1,3,5
c) 2,3
d) 3,4
e) 4,5

Explanation

Question 17 of 77

1

Modification of an existing PBP´s through recombination indicates

Select one of the following:

a) MRSA
b) VRE
c) NDM+
d) PRSP
e) PRSA

Explanation

Question 18 of 77

1

Which phenotype refers to MSSA

Select one of the following:

a) resistant to all beta-lactams excluding Vth generation of cephalosporin
b) resistant to all beta lactams including Vth generation of cephalosporin
c) resistant to methicillin, susceptible to oxacillin and carbapenems
d) susceptible to all beta lactams, excluding narrow spectrum penicillins
e) susceptible to all beta lactams including narrow spectrum penicillins

Explanation

Question 19 of 77

1

Which of the drugs are pumped out by efflux

Select one of the following:

a) Tetrayclines
b) Vancomycin
c) Tigecycline
d) a+c
e) all of the mentionend

Explanation

Question 20 of 77

1

Choose correct Statement

Select one or more of the following:

The class C beta-lactamases are primarily cephalosporinases and are encoded on bacterial chromosomes
Class B carbapenemases are i.A. New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamases
Colistin binds to the membrane instead of penetrating it
Tigecycline may be affected by efflux or enzymatic modification
Active efflux of gentamycin is commonly observed in Bacteroides fragilis

Explanation

Question 21 of 77

1

Which of the following phenotypes relate to the enzyme production:
1. VRE
2. ESBL-positive
3. HLAR
4. PRSP
5. MBL-positive
6. NDM-positive

Select one of the following:

a) 1,2,3,5
b) 2,4
c) 2,5
d) Only 4
e) 2,3,5,6

Explanation

Question 22 of 77

1

What is an “intrinsic resistance”

❌

definition they want us to write:
Bacteria is born with such a resistance, “comes into the world”

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Natural resistance

Explanation

Question 23 of 77

1

Explain the abbreviation “NDM”: ❌ ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

New Delhi

Metallo-beta lactamase

Explanation

Question 24 of 77

1

Resistance to this drug results from ❌ which catalyzes its acetylation. This characteristic indicates:
Chloramphenicol

Drag and drop to complete the text.

acetyltransferase

Explanation

Question 25 of 77

1

Class B ß-Lactamases:

Select one of the following:

a.) Are Zinc dependent Metalloenzymes
b.) Have Broad spectrum of action
c.) SHV-1 and TEM-1 are Major examples
d.) a+b
e.) None of the above

Explanation

Question 26 of 77

1

Tetracycline resistance develops with which of the following mechanisms?

Select one of the following:

a) Decreased penetration into the bacterial cell
b) Active efflux of the drug
c) Alteration of the ribosomal target site
d) a+c
e) all of the above

Explanation

Question 27 of 77

1

Natural resistance is observed in:

Select one of the following:

a) Pediococcus, Leuconostonc, Erysipelothrix, Lactobacillus
b) E.Coli, Klebsilla
c) Staphylococci
d) a+b
e) none of the above

Explanation

Question 28 of 77

1

Pseudomonoas aeruginosa is intrinsically resistant to:

Select one of the following:

a) Tigecycline
b) Tobramycin
c) Meropenem
d) Ceftazidime
e) Sulphonamides
f) d+e

Explanation

Question 29 of 77

1

Resistance through enzymatic modification of the drug is observed in:

Select one of the following:

a. Clindamycin – Str. Pyogenes
b. ß-Lactams – chlamydia
c. E. coli – glycopeptides
d. Isoniazid – mycobacteria
e. None of the above

Explanation

Question 30 of 77

1

Strict anaerobic bacteria have an intrinsic resistance to:

Select one of the following:

d. Clindamycin
e. None of the above
c. Metronidazole
b. Ampicillin
a. Gentamicin

Explanation

Question 31 of 77

1

Which of the following phenotypes (resistance) matches the description for MRSA

Select one of the following:

a. Penicillin G, ureidopenicillin, imipenem, vancomycin – susceptible
b. Vancomycin, imipenem – susceptible; penicillin, 1st and 2nd Generation cephalosporins – resistant
c. Vancomycin – susceptible; penicillin, Cephalosporin, carbapenem – resistant d. Penicillin – susceptible; vancomycin, carbapenem, cephalosporin – resistant
d) a+b
e) none

Explanation

Question 32 of 77

1

Partial modification of a PBP through recombination in:

Select one of the following:

e. All of the above
d. Klebsiella pneumoniae
c. MRSA-acquisition of new pbp
b. Streptococcus pneumoniae
a. Escherichia Coli

Explanation

Question 33 of 77

1

Which of the following haven an aquired resistance to ß-Lactams

Select one of the following:

a) MRSA
b) PRSP
c) ESBL
d) a+b
e) All of the above

Explanation

Question 34 of 77

1

Strict anaerobic bacteria are resistant to:

Select one of the following:

a) Gentamicin
b) Penicillin
c) Metronidazole

Explanation

Question 35 of 77

1

Which of the following resistance phenotypes are associated with PBP modification

Select one of the following:

a) NDM
b) ESBL
c) PRSP
d) KPC
e) MRSA
f) c+e

Explanation

Question 36 of 77

1

Choose true Statement

Select one of the following:

a) Efflux of aminoglycosides occurs rarely in gram negative bacteria
b) Penicillin G is inactivated with gastric acid
c) Gram negative bacteria rapidly develop resistance against beta lactams by production
d) all of the above

Explanation

Question 37 of 77

1

Intrinsic Resistance to sulphonamides

Select one of the following:

a) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
b) Nocardia
c) Chlamydia
d) B+c

Explanation

Question 38 of 77

1

HLAR - ❌ ❌ ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

high level

aminoglycoside

resistance

Explanation

Question 39 of 77

1

MRSA - ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

methicillin

resistant

staphylococcus

aureus

Explanation

Question 40 of 77

1

Choose true combination of drugs resistance against

Select one of the following:

a) Rifampin – rna polymerase
b) Levofloxacin – mosaic PBP
c) Erythromycin – enzyme modification
d) Penicillin G- enzyme modification
e) a+c+d

Explanation

Question 41 of 77

1

Resistance to this drug with protein production similar to elongation factor that protects 30S ribosomal subunit indicates the resistance to?

Select one of the following:

a) Penicillin
b) Azithromycin
c) Tetracyclines
d) Rifampin

Explanation

Question 42 of 77

1

Acquired resistance to penicillin G is observed in

Select one of the following:

a) Streptococcus pyogenes
b) E.coli
c) Streptococcus pneumonia
d) a+c

Explanation

Question 43 of 77

1

Give two examples of mechanisms of resistance with change of target site?

Select one or more of the following:

PRSP
MRSA

Explanation

Question 44 of 77

1

Give 2 groups of drugs that are elimanted by efflux group

Select one or more of the following:

Quinolones
Tetracycline

Explanation

Question 45 of 77

1

Resistance to aminoglycosides

Select one or more of the following:

Decreased permeability
Enzymatic modification

Explanation

Question 46 of 77

1

Erythomyocin is not active against K.Pneumoniae

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 47 of 77

1

Which of the following resistant phenotypes are associated with aminoglycosides modyfying enzyme production

HLAR

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 48 of 77

1

Choose True sentence

Select one of the following:

a) Bacteria can become resistant to β-lactam antibiotics hydrolysis of the antibiotic by bacterial enzymes
b) Exclusion of B-lactamases in treatment of infection caused by non fermented process also due to decreased permeability of membrane
c) Enterobacteriaceae develop resistance to cephalosporins also due to the enzymes production
d) a+c

Explanation

Question 49 of 77

1

Intrinsic resistance to Linezolid - Escheria

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 50 of 77

1

Resistance to Metronidauole due to

Select one or more of the following:

Rescreased uptake of antibiotic
Elimination of cytotoxic compound before they reach DNA

Explanation

Question 51 of 77

1

Intrinsic resistance to Penicillin G - S pyogenes

- Chlamydia

Select one of the following:

True
False

Explanation

Question 52 of 77

1

Pumped out by efflux pump

Select one or more of the following:

Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides

Explanation

Question 53 of 77

1

Which phenotype refers to MRSA?

Select one of the following:

a.) resistant to all beta lactams including vth generations of cephalosporins
b.) resistant to all beta lactams excluding vth generations of cephalosporins
c.) resistant to methicillin,susceptible to oxacillin and carbapenem
d.) resistant to beta lactams,resistant to vancomycin,susceptible to monobactams
e.) none of the mentioned

Explanation

Question 54 of 77

1

Enterococcus gallinarum and casseliflavus are instrinctly resistant

Select one of the following:

e)all mentioned
d.) a+c
c.) vancomycin contain D-alanine-D-serine terminus
b.)Linezolid
a.) Tigecycline

Explanation

Question 55 of 77

1

Correct Examples

Select one or more of the following:

A class beta- lactamase = SHV-1 penicillinases found in common gram negative rods (and TEM-1)
B class beta - lactamase= New Delhi metallo-ß-lactamases

Explanation

Question 56 of 77

1

Which of the following may become resistant (acquired resistant) to macrolides

Select one or more of the following:

S.pyogenes
K.pneumoniae
S.aureus
Acinetobacter baumannii
P.aeruginosa
E.coli

Explanation

Question 57 of 77

1

Resistance to Aminoglycosides may result from:-

Select one of the following:

e.)all mentioned
d.)a+c
c.)increased expulsion of drug from cell
d.)decrease uptake of drug
a.)mutation of ribosomal target site

Explanation

Question 58 of 77

1

Resistance to this drug results from acetyltransferase which catalyse to acetylation:-this characteristics indicate

Select one of the following:

e.)chloramphenicol
d.)imipenem
c.)penicillin G
b.)ceftriaxone
a.)Sulfamethoxazol

Explanation

Question 59 of 77

1

Intrinsic resistance to tigecyycline is observed in

Select one of the following:

a) Morganella
b) Providencia Proteus and P aeruginosa
c) Pseudomonas
d) b+c
e) all mentioned

Explanation

Question 60 of 77

1

Which of the following is/are enzyme producers:
1.S.pyogenes
2.ESBL +
3.HLAR +
4.PRSP
5.MBL +
6.chlamydia trachomatis

Select one of the following:

1,2,3,5
2,5
2,3,5
only 4
2,3,5,6

Explanation

Question 61 of 77

1

Becomes resistant to aztreonam

Select one or more of the following:

e. faecalis
p.aeruginosa
acinobacter baumanii
s.aureus
s epidermidis
s pygones

Explanation

Question 62 of 77

1

1. Complete information regarding the 3 ways how bacteria can become resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics:

Select one of the following:

Decreased concentration of antibiotic at the cell wall from target site
Decreased binding of antibiotic to the PBP
Enzymatic modification
All
None

Explanation

Question 63 of 77

1

a. ESBL - ❌ ❌ ❌
b. VRE - ❌ ❌ ❌
c. KPC - ❌ ❌ ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Extended

spectrum

beta lactamase

Vancomycin

resistant

enterococci

Klebsiella

Pneumoniae

Carbapenemase

Explanation

Question 64 of 77

1

5. Which of the following resistance mechanism phenotypes stem from the enzymatic modification of the drug:

Select one of the following:

a. PRSA
b. VRE
c. HLAR
d. MBL
e. a+c+d

Explanation

Question 65 of 77

1

7. Which of the following phenotype refers to MBL + P.aeruginosa:

Select one of the following:

a. Susceptible to carbapenems, resistant to beta lactams and its combinations with inhibitors
b. resistant to all beta lactams with exclusion of its combination with inhibitors
c. resistant to all beta lactams with possible exception of aztreonam
d. resistant to all beta lactams with possible exception of monobactams
e. c+d

Explanation

Question 66 of 77

1

a. A class beta lactamases: ❌
b. B class beta lactamases: ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

KPC, SHV-1, TEM-1

MBL, NDM, VIM

Explanation

Question 67 of 77

1

Which of the following may become resistant to Rifampin?

Select one or more of the following:

E.Coli
P. Aeruginosa
Acinebacter Baumanii
S. Auereus
S. Pneumonia
M. Tuberculosis

Explanation

Question 68 of 77

1

10. which of the following may become resistant (acquire resistance) to rifampin:
(1) E.coli
(2) P. aeurigonase
(3) acinetobacter baumanii
(4) S .aureus
(5) K .pneumonia
(6) M. tuberculosis

Select one of the following:

1,2,3,5,6
4,3,5
4,5,6
2,3
4,6

Explanation

Question 69 of 77

1

Choose Correct Statement

Select one or more of the following:

1. Resistance to amikacin can stem from decreased uptake of drug into bacterial cell
2. Bacteroides fragilis is intrinsically resistant to metronidazole
3. Most of gram (+) bacteria is resistant to macrolides

Explanation

Question 70 of 77

1

Which of the follwoing resistance phenotypes refers to MBL P+Aeruginosa

Select one or more of the following:

1. Susceptible to carbapenems, resistant to B-lactams and its combinations
2. Resistant to all B-lactams, with exclusion of its combination with inhibitors
3. Resistant to all B-lactams, with possible exception of azteonem
4. Resistant to all B-lactams, with possible exception of macrolides

Explanation

Question 71 of 77

1

Complete information regarding the ways how bacteria can become resistant to aminoglycosides:

Select one or more of the following:

Target site modification
Decreased membrane permeability
Active efflux
: Enzymatic inactivation of antimicrobial agent

Explanation

Question 72 of 77

1

Choose Correct Statement

Select one or more of the following:

a/ Pseudomonas aeruginosa is intrinsically resistant to trimethoprim.
b/ Overexpression of efflux pumps determines the resistance to ciprofloxacin
c/ Polymyxins are not effective against Gram-positive bacteria due to the lack of outer membrane in these.

Explanation

Question 73 of 77

1

Explain the abbreviations:

PRSP: ❌ ❌
HLAR: ❌ ❌ ❌
NDM: ❌ ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Penicillin resistant

streptococcus pneumoniae

High level

aminoglycoside

resistance

New delhi

metallo-beta-lactamase

Explanation

Question 74 of 77

1

Intrinsic resistance to glycopeptides is observed in:

Select one of the following:

a/ Lactobacillus
b/ Streptococcus pneumoniae
c/Enterococci
d/ E coli
e/ a+d

Explanation

Question 75 of 77

1

Which of the following resistance phenotype refers to MRSA:

Select one of the following:

a/ Resistant to beta-lactams with possible exception of its combinations with inhibitors.
b/ Resistant to all beta-lactams, susceptible to Vth generation of cephalosporins
c/ Resistant to narrow spectrum penicillins, resistant to macrolides and lincosamides.
d/ Resistant to all beta-lactams, with possible exception of monobactams.
e/ c+d

Explanation

Question 76 of 77

1

Resistance to gentamicin in Bacteroides fragilis is due to...❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

.lack of aerobic metabolism

Explanation

Question 77 of 77

1

Which of the following may become resistant (acquire resistance) to tigecycline:

Select one or more of the following:

1. Proteus mirabilis
2. P. aeruginosa
3. Morganella morganii
4. E. faecalis
5. K. pneumoniae
6. Providencia retgerii

	Created by Leon Schwarze 10 months ago

Entry Tests / Final Microbiologoy - PUM Quiz on Antimicrobial resistence, created by Leon Schwarze on 21/02/2024.

Antimicrobial resistence

Question 1 of 77

Definition KPC Klebsiella Pneumoniae carbapenemase

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 2 of 77

Beta-lactams don’t work on atypical bacteria, because: Atypical bacteria lack cell walls and thus are naturally resistant against all beta-lactams & because beta-lactams act by preventing the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 3 of 77

Which bacteriaare intrinsically resistant to vancomycin (glycopeptide)

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 4 of 77

Resistance to ❌. is caused by chromosomal mutation in structural genes of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 5 of 77

Which Bacteria can become resistant to Macrolides

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 6 of 77

In gentamicin active efflux of drug in bactericides

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 7 of 77

Chloramphenicol is the enzymatic modifcation of acetyltransferase-

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 8 of 77

Which resistant bacterias are enzymatic

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 9 of 77

Resistant bacterias witch are NOT enzymatic but have an altered target site

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 10 of 77

MRSA ? ❌ ❌ ❌ ❌ resistant against all beta-lactams and inhibitors, excluding 5th generation of cephalosporins

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 11 of 77

Which Bacteria are resistant against Beta Lactams

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 12 of 77

Which of the following phenotypes relate to the enzyme production

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 13 of 77

Which of the following phenotypes relate to the enzyme production

Select one or more of the following:

Explanation

Question 14 of 77

❌: Resistant to narrow penicillin & possibly 3rd gen cephalosporin

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 15 of 77

Which Bacteria are resistant to narrow penicillin

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 16 of 77

Which of the following may become resistent (aquired) to tigecycline 1) E.coli 2) P.aeruginosa 3) Acinetobacter baumannii 4) proteus mirabilis 5) K. pneumoniae

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 17 of 77

Modification of an existing PBP´s through recombination indicates

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 18 of 77

Which phenotype refers to MSSA

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 19 of 77

Which of the drugs are pumped out by efflux

Select one of the following:

Explanation

Question 20 of 77

Choose correct Statement

Definition KPC

Klebsiella Pneumoniae carbapenemase

Beta-lactams don’t work on atypical bacteria, because:
Atypical bacteria lack cell walls and thus are naturally resistant against all beta-lactams
&
because beta-lactams act by preventing the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

MRSA ?
❌ ❌ ❌ ❌
resistant against all beta-lactams and inhibitors, excluding 5th generation of cephalosporins

Which of the following may become resistent (aquired) to tigecycline

1) E.coli
2) P.aeruginosa
3) Acinetobacter baumannii
4) proteus mirabilis
5) K. pneumoniae

Which of the following phenotypes relate to the enzyme production:
1. VRE
2. ESBL-positive
3. HLAR
4. PRSP
5. MBL-positive
6. NDM-positive

What is an “intrinsic resistance”

❌

definition they want us to write:
Bacteria is born with such a resistance, “comes into the world”

Resistance to this drug results from ❌ which catalyzes its acetylation. This characteristic indicates:
Chloramphenicol