Introduction to pharmacology

Define the term pharmacology

How do substances interact with living things?

Define the term drug

Define the term poison

Define the term toxins

Define the term receptor

Define the term agonist

What is the difference between agonists and antagonists?

What happens when the ligand leaves the receptor?

Define the term partial agonist

Define the term efficacy

Define the term affinity

What sort of affinity do partial agonists have for the receptor? Explain the effects of this

Describe how a partial agonist binds to and activates the receptor

Define the term pharmacologic antagonist

State the names of the four different types of pharmacologic antagonist

How does a competitive antagonist work?

How does a non-competitive antagonist work?

How does a chemical antagonist work?

What is a physiologic antagonist?

What are the two ways drugs can be administered?

What two processes follow the distribution of drugs in the body?

Define the terms enteric and efflux

Define the terms intravascular and extravascular

What do drugs tend to be?

What is the difference between the dissociated and un-dissociated form of a drug?

What is meant by the term 'weak' acid? Use aspirin as an example

What is meant by the term pKa?

What are other terms for fat-soluble and water-soluble?

What is TCA? What sort of acid is it? What are two damaging effects of TCA overdose?

What should be done in the event of TCA overdose?

What is activated charcoal?

How can amphetamine excretion be speeded up?

Explain what is meant by drug specificity

Explain what is meant by drug selectivity

What are receptors responsible for - specificity or selectivity of drug action?

Drugs interact with receptors by means of chemical forces or bonds. What are the four different types? Comment on their relative strength also

What is pharmacodynamics?

What is pharmacokinetics?

Explain the shape of a standard dose response curve

What is half of a maximum response?

What's the difference between the shape of a dose response curve with a competitive and non-competitive antagonist?

What is meant by the term potency?

Explain what is meant by 'spare receptors'

What are two functional benefits of spare receptors?

How are spare receptors useful with competitive antagonists?