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The process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information
The first process in recoding memory
Information must be encoded and ____ so it can be retrieved later
Can store information for only a short period of time
Information is stored in sensory memory for how long?
Memory that typically is forgotten in less than 30 seconds
First stage of memory where information is stored briefly
Information is stored in this by using memory strategies such as chunking
When we reconstruct memories from our past, we tend to remember information in terms of
You have a very vivid memory of the events of September 11, 2001. This is probably a ____ memory
When we sometimes forget because nothing triggers our memory of a specific bit of information
one's recollections of their own life experiences
Memory loss that occurs without other mental difficulties
used when determining a correct answer in a multiple choice question
____ is a memory strategy used to group information whereas, ____ is repeating information over and over
Knowing how to parallel park and the ability to tie your shoes are examples of what kind of memory?
the memory system that holds information while actively manipulating the information
when items presented at the end of a list is remembered best
Linda recalls the car accident that occurred in front of her as she stood waiting for the bus. Linda could say that the details were recalled using ____ memory processing
forgetting that occurs because previous learning conflicted with recalling newer information
In a model of memory using a computer, the computer's hard drive would be similar to the ____ process of memory
The more we think about and analyze something, the more likely we are to be able to ____ it later
Knowledge is stored in ____ networks in mental representations of cluster o interconnected information
Levels-of-processing theory suggests one way to remember something is to
critical step to be able to recall information accurately
term used to describe the ability to remember information on a list and where it is listed on the list
Creating a rhyme to remember the states and capitols
When we cannot quite recall some information, but we once knew it, we are having a failure of
syndrome resulting from chronic consumption of alcohol
results in a gradual decline in cognitive abilities
Memory for factual information, names, faces, dates, and the like is called ____ memory, whereas memory for skills and habits such as riding a bike or hitting a baseball, is called ____ memory
The two parts of this type of explicit memory are episodic and semantic
Automatically completing the steps of doing the laundry involves
organized body of information that helps us to understand a situation, but can also bias our interpretation of a situation
Cue-dependent forgetting occurs where there is a lack of
Overlearning is continuing to study and learn material after it has been
Betty hit her head in a car accident. Since then, she can remember things after the accident, but cannot recall items from before the accident. This is an example of
One way to increase the amount of information that can be retained in short-term memory is to
Occurs when exposure to a concept makes it easier to later recall things that are related to the concept
Term used to describe the fact that Laura could only recall the first items listed on her grocery list
Gill remembered many details about his life prior to a head wound he sustained in the Gulf War. However, he was unable to remember from day to day the new friends he made in the convalescent home or the explanation of his situation by the doctors. This is an example of
Part of working memory that handles information relating to speech
located below the cortex and is important for consolidation of memory
where memories are stored in the brain
can be inaccurate because of the wording of questions
Elaborative rehearsal takes advantage of ____ to increase retention in long-term memory
occurs when individuals have memories for some material but cannot recall where it was encountered
the two parts of ____ memory are episodic and semantic
According to levels-of-processing theory, we are most likely to remember things if we consider
states that the passage of time always increases forgetting
When using the working memory other cognitive functions become ____ aware
____ memories is when an individual are unable to recall the source of a memory, whereas ____ memories is recalling a memory is too traumatic so one pushing the memory into the unconscious
Interference occurs when
involves linking things that you know with things that you want to learn
effective note taking requires
The structures of memory, including the capacity of short and long-term memory are ____ influenced by culture
memories that you are not consciously aware of creating
engrams are
About how long does the consolidation of long-term memories take?
Being unable to recall tour grocery list until you are at the store and see some of the items you need on the shelves Is an example of what type of forgetting?
Ebbinghaus's research on memory may have led to some misunderstandings about memory because
____ memory reliability are highly vulnerable to influence of others during recollection of eyewitness accounts
short-term memory can retain about ____ pieces of information
Long-term recall is helped by this, which involves studying and rehearsing after one has initially mastered the material
cultural differences can be seen in
