The Chemistry of Energy and Life
(Chapter 2)

Covalent Bonds

Strength and stability

Electronegativity

Non-Polar Covalent Bond

Polar Covalent Bond

Hydrogen Bonds

Heat Capacity
(water molecules form multiple hydrogen bonds which contribute to HC)

A lot of heat energy is required to raise the temperature of water, why ?

Heat Vaporization
(water has high HV)

Evaporation has what type of affect?

What does sweating do to the body?

Cohesion
(Hydrogen bonds give water cohesive strength)

Adhesion

What do Cohesion and Adhesion allow in plants?

Surface Tension
(Which allows spiders to walk on water)

Hydrophillic

Hydrophobic

Solvent
(water is solvent in living systems)

What happens when one atoms is much more electronegative than another?

Ions
(result from transfer of electrons)

Cations and Anions

Ionic Attractions

Functional Groups

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Nucleic Acids

Lipids

Polymers
(Most macromolecules)

Condesation

Hydrolysis

What are functions of Carbohydrates?

What are the function of Carbohydrates?
(ctn)

Monosaccharides

Disaccharides

Oglisaccharides

Polysaccharides

Starches

Glycogen

Lipids

What holds lipids together?

What are some functions of Lipids?

Fatty Acids

Glycerol

Triglyceride

Saturated Fatty Acids

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Trigylcerides

Phospholipids

Amphipathic
(Phospholipids are amphi..)

Chemical Reactions

Energy

Potential Energy

Kinetic

Metabolism

What are the 2 types of metabolisms?

Anabolic reactions

What do anabolic reactions require?

Catabolic reactions

What do catabolic reactions do?

Catabolic and anabolic reactions are often linked, why?

Law of Thermodynamics

First Law
(Law of Thermodynamics)

Second Law
(Law of Thermodynamics)

Entropy

done:)