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Pharmacology - Bio 528

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Cholinergics and Anticholinergics

Question 1 of 19

1

ACh is released from the terminal of each of the following neurons EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • sympathetic preganglionic neuron innervating the adrenal medulla

  • sympathetic postganglionic neuron innervating the GI tract

  • parasympathetic postganglionic neuron innervating the pupil of the eye

  • motor nerve innervating skeletal muscle

Explanation

Question 2 of 19

1

Postsynaptic nicotinic receptors are found at each of the following sites EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • adrenal medulla

  • sinoatrial node

  • autonomic ganglia

  • skeletal muscle motor end-plate

Explanation

Question 3 of 19

1

Another name for the sympathetic nervous system outflow is the...

Select one of the following:

  • thoracolumbar outflow

  • craniosacral outflow

  • somatic outflow

  • autonomic outflow

Explanation

Question 4 of 19

1

You would MOST AVOID administering which of the following drugs to the patient taking an MAO inhibitor?

Select one of the following:

  • meperidine

  • ephedrine

  • halothane

  • propranolol

Explanation

Question 5 of 19

1

Release of neurotransmitter requires the entry of what substance into the nerve terminal?

Select one of the following:

  • sodium

  • potassium

  • magnesium

  • calcium

Explanation

Question 6 of 19

1

Which of the following is the correct pairing for sweat glands (division / neurotransmitter)?

Select one of the following:

  • sympathetic - norepinephrine

  • sympathetic - acetylcholine

  • parasympathetic - norepinephrine

  • parasympathetic - acetylcholine

Explanation

Question 7 of 19

1

Side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors include each of the following EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • bradycardia

  • increased salivation

  • bronchoconstriction

  • mydriasis

Explanation

Question 8 of 19

1

You would avoid which agent if the patient w/ glaucoma is being treated with echothiophate?

Select one of the following:

  • remifentanyl

  • thiopental

  • mivacurium

  • edrophonium

Explanation

Question 9 of 19

1

A farmer who one hour ago was spraying his crops with organophosphate insecticide complains of abdominal cramps, muscle weakness, and blurred vision. He is wheezing and bradycardic. Treatment of this condition might reasonably include each of the following agents EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • physiostigmine

  • atropine

  • diazepam

  • pralidoxime

Explanation

Question 10 of 19

1

Nerves that conduct the action potential the fastest are:

Select one of the following:

  • myelinated and have small diameter

  • myelinated and have large diameter

  • unmyelinated and have small diameter

  • unmyelinated and have large diameter

Explanation

Question 11 of 19

1

Signs and symptoms of the anticholinergic syndrome include:

Select one of the following:

  • excessive salivation

  • bradycardia

  • excessive sweating

  • mania and hallucinations

Explanation

Question 12 of 19

1

Which second messenger promotes bronchoconstriction?

Select one of the following:

  • cGMP

  • inositol triphosphate (IP3)

  • cAMP

  • calmodulin

Explanation

Question 13 of 19

1

Which of the following agents produces bronchodilation because of its antimuscarinic actions?

Select one of the following:

  • sodium nitroprusside

  • terbutaline

  • aminophylline

  • ipratropium

Explanation

Question 14 of 19

1

Which of the following agents produces the greatest increase in HR?

Select one of the following:

  • scopolamine

  • glycopyrrolate

  • atropine

  • pilocarpine

Explanation

Question 15 of 19

1

You want to protect the patient from excessive salivation. You also want to PROMOTE sedation. Which drug would be used?

Select one of the following:

  • glycopyrrolate

  • atropine

  • scopolamine

Explanation

Question 16 of 19

1

You want to protect the patient from excessive salivation. You also want to AVOID sedation. Which drug would be used?

Select one of the following:

  • glycopyrrolate

  • atropine

  • scopolamine

Explanation

Question 17 of 19

1

Which antisialogogue is LEAST effective at reducing salivation?

Select one of the following:

  • glycopyrrolate

  • atropine

  • scopolamine

Explanation

Question 18 of 19

1

A farmer who one hour ago was spraying his crops with organophosphate insecticide complains of abdominal cramps, muscle weakness, and blurred vision. He is wheezing and bradycardic. What is he suffering from?

Select one of the following:

  • anticholinergic overdose

  • cholinergic syndrome or cholinergic crisis

  • anticholinergic syndrome

Explanation

Question 19 of 19

1

68-year-old patient was given scopolamine preop and atropine with edrophonium to reverse muscle paralysis at the end of the case. In PACU the patient becomes restless, combative and confused. A rash on the upper body is seen. Tachycardia is also present. What is the condition called?

Select one of the following:

  • anticholinergic syndrome

  • cholinergic syndrome

  • anticholinesterase inhibitor

Explanation

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