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unit 3 multiple choice questions from practice exam

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Principles of Biology I - Unit 3 Quiz

Question 1 of 18

1

An organism’s ________________ is determined by its _________________.

Select one of the following:

  • Genotype; phenotype

  • Phenotype; genotype

  • Allele; phenotype

  • F1 generation; allele

Explanation

Question 2 of 18

1

What are Barr bodies?

Select one of the following:

  • X chromosomes inactivated to prevent over-expression of the alleles found on the X chromosome in females

  • Highly condensed Y chromosomes in males

  • X chromosomes inactivated to allow for expression of the males-specific phenotype

  • Inactive autosomal chromosomes specific to females

Explanation

Question 3 of 18

1

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence ATTGCAT, then the complementary strand will have the sequence

Select one of the following:

  • ATTGCAT

  • TACGTTA

  • TAACGTA

  • GCCTAGC

Explanation

Question 4 of 18

1

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Select one of the following:

  • DNA is the genetic material.

  • Information passes from DNA to protein.

  • Information passes from DNA to RNA to protein

  • One gene encodes only one polypeptide

Explanation

Question 5 of 18

1

Nondisjunction results in

Select one of the following:

  • An improper number of chromosomes

  • aneuploidy

  • None of the above

  • Both a and b above

Explanation

Question 6 of 18

1

The principle that states that two alleles for a gene separate during gamete formation and are rejoined at random, one from each parent during fertilization is called

Select one of the following:

  • Mendel’s second law of heredity

  • The principle of segregation

  • Law of independent assortment

  • Mendel’s third law of heredity

Explanation

Question 7 of 18

1

When more than one gene affects a trait, this is known as ____________ and an example of this can be found with _______________.

Select one of the following:

  • Pleiotropy; eye color

  • Incomplete dominance; hairline

  • Polygenic inheritance; eye color

  • Codominance; sex-linked disorders

Explanation

Question 8 of 18

1

In certain flowers, the heterozygous condition is displayed as an intermediate phenotype between the two homozygous conditions. For example, crossing red snapdragons with white snapdragons produces pink snapdragons. This is an example of:

Select one of the following:

  • Incomplete dominance

  • Codominance

  • Segregation

  • Epistasis

Explanation

Question 9 of 18

1

Nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes is much more likely to occur in women than in men because

Select one of the following:

  • this is not true; nondisjunction occurs equally in men and women

  • Women have two X chromosomes to the one X chromosome in men

  • Women’s eggs have developed prior to birth while men form new sperm cells daily and so the eggs are much older.

  • It is carried on the X chromosome

Explanation

Question 10 of 18

1

If an organism’s DNA is known to be composed of 23% adenine, what percentage of their DNA would be composed of guanine?

Select one of the following:

  • 27%

  • 23%

  • Unable to determine from the data given

  • 46%

Explanation

Question 11 of 18

1

The process in which DNA is used as a template to form another DNA molecule is called

Select one of the following:

  • Transcription

  • Reverse transcription

  • Replication

  • Translation

Explanation

Question 12 of 18

1

In addition to adding bases to the growing DNA strand during replication, DNA polymerase is also responsible for

Select one of the following:

  • Proofreading the new DNA molecule as it is being synthesized

  • Synthesizing RNA

  • Making proteins

  • DNA polymerase has only the one function

Explanation

Question 13 of 18

1

DNA is always synthesized in the __________ direction and because of this, the lagging strand is synthesized ______________, forming Okazaki fragments.

Select one of the following:

  • 3’-5’; discontinuously

  • 3’-5’; continuously

  • 5’-3”; discontinuously

  • 5’-3’; continuously

Explanation

Question 14 of 18

1

Some errors that may occur during DNA replication may be repaired. The type of repair that does not require the presence of light is known as:

Select one of the following:

  • Photorepair

  • Mutagen repair

  • Radiation

  • Excision repair

Explanation

Question 15 of 18

1

What is added to eukaryotic transcripts following transcription

Select one of the following:

  • 5’ cap and a 3’ poly A tail

  • 3’ cap and a 5’ poly A tail

  • 5’ hat and a 3’ poly B tail

  • 3’ bonnet and a 5’ poly A tail

Explanation

Question 16 of 18

1

Where does translation occur in eukaryotes?

Select one of the following:

  • In the nucleus

  • In the golgi apparatus

  • On the ribosomes

  • In a vacuole

Explanation

Question 17 of 18

1

A mutation that alters a single base but does not alter the amino acid that is coded for is called a _________ mutation.

Select one of the following:

  • Missense

  • Silent

  • Nonsense

  • noisy

Explanation

Question 18 of 18

1

Which of the following is a good example of epistasis?

Select one of the following:

  • red and white snapdragons are bred and the offspring are pink

  • Himalayan rabbits produce temperature-sensitive products

  • when mice have one copy of the spinning gene they spin but with two copies, they die.

  • E gene determines fur color of Labrador retrievers and the B gene determines the darkness of the pigment

Explanation

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