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1. List the main causes of chronic liver disease
2. What investigations would you initiate to investigate the underlying cause of chronic liver disease?
3. Which three things suggest decompensated liver function?
4. Up to how many spider naevi can be considered normal on examination of a patient?
5 List the main stigmata of chronic liver disease
6. What are the main feature of decompensated pulmonary fibrosis?
7. What are the main causes of pulmonary fibrosis?
8. What Ix would you initiate for pulmonary fibrosis?
9. Main points to elicit in the Hx of a Bell's palsy?
10. What would you examine to assess a Bell's palsy?
11. What would your Mx plan for a Bell's palsy consist of?
12. What are the functions of the facial nerve?
13What are the muscles of mastication and what is their innervation?
14. Which nerve mediates both the efferent and afferent limb of the jaw jerk?
15. The combination of pes caves, muscle wasting, a high stepping gait and a predominantly motor peripheral neuropathy is characteristic of which condition?
16. What investigations would you request to investigate episodes of collapse of a presumed cardiac origin?
17. After valvular replacement surgery how should a patient ideally be followed up?
18. How do you assess the risk of a prosthetic valve developing thrombus?
19. What are the indications for urgent aortic valve replacement?
20. What are the characteristic features of psoriasis on examination?
21. What are the management options for psoriatic arthropathy?
22. What is the most usual indication for thoracoplasty?
23. What are the causes of bronchiectasis?
24. What would bronchiectasis show on spirometry?
25. What is the differential for a ejection cardiac murmur?
26. What is the differential for a regurgitant systolic cardiac murmur?
27. What are indications for thoracoplasty?
28. What are the three classical signs of Parkinson's disease?
29. What are the classical features of cerebellar syndrome?
30. What is the DDx for expyramidal Sx?
31. What is the differential for hepatomegaly
32. What are the causes of Parkinsonian syndrome?
33. What are the complications of Parkinson's disease?
34. What is the most common organism causing exacerbvation of bronchiectasis?
35. What complications of liver cirrhosis do you know?
36. What might precipitate encephalopathy?
37. How would you Mx a Pt with encephalopathy?
38. What are the clinical signs of coarctation of the aorta?
39. What at the signs of a third nerve palsy?
40. What are common causes of a medical third nerve palsy?
41. What are common causes of a surgical third nerve palsy?
42. What are the contents of the cavernous sinus?
43. What are the typical clinical signs in COPD?
44. What are the signs of cor pulmonale?
45. What is COPD?
46. How would you investigate a possible new diagnosis of COPD seen in clinic?
47. What Tx would you offer a stable COPD Pt seen in clinic?
48. What features of a patient's presentation with COPD would suggest LTOT should be considered?
49. What are the criteria for LTOT?
50. How long does LTOT need to be used for?
51. Are there any risks associated with aminophylline?
52. What dosing regime would you use for aminophylline?
53. How would you manage an exacerbation of COPD?
54. How and why would you initiate NIV?
55. What is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
56. How do you categorise haematological causes of hepatosplenomegaly?
57. How would you CONFIRM a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis?
58. What is the Child Pughs score used for?
60. What features contribute to the Child Pughs score?
61. What is the purpose of the Rockall score?
62. What factors contribute to the Rockall score?
63. What might the examination findings be in a patient with a renal transplant?
64. What are the causes of hepatosplenomegaly?
65. What is your differential for splenomegaly?
66. What are the causes of a massive spleen?
67. What drugs do you know which cause pulmonary fibrosis?
68. What is caplan's syndrome?
69. What would you expect to happen to the second heart sound in cor pulmonale?
70, What investigations would you do to assess acromegaly?
71. What are the important points to check for in taking a Hx of acromegaly?
72. What classes of disease would you consider if asked to examine the hands in PACES?
73. How long would you expect a bioprosthetic versus a mechanical valve replacement to last?
74. What is the mortality rate of a patient with prosthetic valve endocarditis?
75. What are the causes of mitral regurgitation?
76. What are the clinical signs of severity in mitral regurgitation?
77. What are the consequences for group 1 and 2 driving licence holders after an MI?
78. What conditions would be expected to give rise to a pure motor syndrome?
79. What are the complications of coronary angiography?
80. What clotting disorders might be associated with DVT?
81. What would your DDx be for a unilateral swollen arm?
82. What are the main complications of cardiac valve replacement?
83. What is your DDx for spastic paraparesis?
84. What are the radiologic features of osteoarthritis?
85. What are the clinical features of osteoarthritis in the hands?
86. What is your Ddx for pain and swelling in the joints of the hands?
87. How would you distinguish between inflammatory and non-inflammatory causes of pain and swelling in the hands?
88. What is your Ddx for the cause of end stage renal failure?
89. What autoantibodies are seen in lupus?
90. What Ix would you request to investigate the cause of end stage renal disease?
91. What are the stages of kidney failure based on the eGFR levels?
92. What is the frequency of testing and FU required for each of the 5 stages of renal failure?
93. What are the principal side effects of haemodialysis?
94. What pharmacological agent might you use to treat neuropathic pain in diabetic neuropathy?
95. What are the indications for lobectomy?
96. What are some of the complications of lung cancer?
97. What are the possible treatments for NSCLC?
98. What are the possble treatments for SCLC?
99. What form might palliative medical care take in lung malignancy?
100. What is the Abx Tx for pulmonary TB?
101. What is the Tx for extra pulmonary TB?
102. When should latent TB be Tx?
103. What is the Ddx for a new proximal myopathy?
104. How would you distinguish polymyositis from PMR?
105. Which of the following drugs is contraindicated in severe aortic stenosis?... Beta-blockers, furosemide, spironolactone, ACE inhibitors, amiodarone.
106. What are the indications for aortic valve replacement?
107. What are the complications of prothetic cardiac valves?
108. What are the causes of aortic stenosis?
109. What is the difference between an essential tremor and an intention tremor?
110. What is the difference between a stroke and a TIA?
111. What is a consent form 4?
112. What is the differential diagnosis for erythema nodosum?
113. What skin lesions are seen in sarcoid?
114. What are the most common organs affected in sarcoidosis?
115. What investigations would you request in a suspected new presentation of sarcoid?
116. What symptoms should you ask about in sarcoid?
117. What treatment approaches exist for sarcoid?
118. Which joints are commonly affected by RA?
119. What are the causes of anaemia in RA?
120. What is Felty Syndrome?
121. What are the grades of diabetic retinopathy?
122. What is the Tx for background, pre-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy?
123. What are the clinical features of cor pulmonale?
124. What are the consequences for a group 1 driving licence holder who has a seizure?
125. What are the consequences for a group 2 driving licence holder who has a seizure?
126. What are the implications for a group 1 driving licence holder who is diabetic?
127. What are the implications for a group 2 driving licence holder who is diabetic?
128. What is the target HbA1c for a type II diabetic?
129. At what HbA1c would you consider beginning insulin Tx on top of oral Tx for diabetes?
130. What are the second line oral Txs available if diet and metformin fail to achieve glycaemic control?
131. What is your Ddx for binocular diplopia?
132. What is an Adies pupil?
Who gets it typically?
What other sign is commonly present?
133. What does an RAPD generally denote?
134. What is your differential for painful loss of vision?
135. What are the possible components of treatment for hypopituitarism?
136. What are the clinical features of hyperthyroidism?
137. What are the clinical features of Grave's which distinguish it from simple hyperthyroidism?
138. What are the potential complications of thyroid eye disease?
139. What Ix would you undertake for suspected case of Grave's disease?
140. What treatments exist for Grave's disease?
141. What are the salient complications of carbimazole?
142. What are the clinical features of hypothyroidism?
143. What drugs are known to cause hypothyroidism?
144. What are the causes of a Goitre?
145. What is your differential for a mixed sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy?
146. What tool would you use to assess risk in a new presentation of angina or hypertension?
147. What is your differential for haemoptysis?
