The only foods that are cooked in rapidly boiling water are:
Potatoes
Green vegetables
Root vegetables
Eggs
Which of the following statements best describes braising?
Whole piece of meat, no liquid, sealed container
Diced meat, half covered with liquid, open container
Whole piece of meat, half covered with liquid, no lid
Whole piece of meat, half covered with liquid, sealed container
Which of the following items are ideal for poaching?
Fresh fish fillets, duck legs, fresh fruit
Fresh fruit, flank steak, whole lobster
Whole fish, sweetbreads, fresh fruit
Whole poultry, eggs, shellfish
Barding is:
Trimming exterior fat cap of meat to a one-inch thickness
Basting meat with fat while cooking
Covering a lean cut of meat with pork fat
Interior fat that is naturally present in the muscle
Which of the following are all dry-heat cooking methods?
Roasting, baking, braising
Deep frying, baking, grilling
Sautéing, braising, roasting
Baking, roasting, stewing
Which of the following are moist-heat cooking methods?
Steaming, boiling, grilling
Braising, stewing, baking
Poaching, deep frying, braising
Braising, stewing, poaching
To protect delicate foods, like baked custards, in the oven a chef can:
Lower the suggested cooking temperature
Use a bain marie
Cover the bake tray with a lid
Periodically spray water in the oven
Which of the following moist-heat cooking methods best describes a liquid held as close to 100°C, but with NO surface movement:
Steaming
Simmering
Boiling
Poaching
The term sauté means:
To cook quickly in hot, shallow fat
Roast in the oven without browning
Cook covered with a cartouche in a sauté pan with butter
Deep fry
Broiled foods are cooked:
on a flat, solid cooking surface
over an open, charcoal grill
uncovered in a sauté pan with fat
by radiant heat source above the food
The flash point of fat is when it:
cannot reach a high enough temperature to fry because the fat is not formulated
bursts into flames
starts to smoke
breaks down due to excessive moisture from items being cooked
Root vegetables should be started in COLD water to:
Remove undesirable flavours and promote uniform cooking
Dissolve proteins
Avoid excess colour loss
Avoid excessive loss of nutrients
Carry over cooking is:
The most reliable method of determining the doneness of a product
Heat conducting through an item after it's removed from the heat source
Testing a roast with an instant read thermometer
The result of too high a temperature while blanching green vegetables
Infrared heat is:
Intense heat transferred by waves to the item being cooked
Heat circulating in a pot of boiling water
Heat going from one part of an item to another
The energy used to power a microwave
The degree of doneness in grilled meats is best tested by:
Recording the internal temperature with an instant read thermometer
Piercing the meat with a fork and checking the colour of the juices
Observing the time/weigh ratio method, based on the weight of the meat and the temperature of the grill
Using the finger touch test
When food is cooked in a microwave, the cooking process is generated by:
Carry over cooking
Heat conducted through the centre of an item, from friction created by agitating the food's water molecules
Mechanical convection
None of the above
Which of the following does not have it's principal heat source from below:
Grill
Griddle
Broiler
Gas burner
The four fresh herbs used to prepare the mixture "fines herbes" include:
Parsley, basil, tarragon, chervil
Parsley, tarragon, chervil, chive
Chive, tarragon, basil, oregano
Parsley, sage, oregano, chervil
This spice is often used in place of saffron because it produces a yellow colour in the finished item:
cilantro
mustard
cardamom
turmeric
Which of the following spices is used as a flavouring component in an onion clouté
cinnamon
clove
cassia
nutmeg
When garlic is roasted, it:
becomes sweet, but still contains a harshness
becomes totally flavourless
is used for sweets in the bake shop
becomes sweet and looses its harshness and pungency
The bulk of the world's mustard seeds are grown in:
France
Canada
Soviet Union
Germany
Which of the following is considered a multi-purpose herb:
Basil
Rosemary
Sage
Thyme
Which of the following sauces has capers and cornichons as principal flavouring agents:
Tartar sauce
Hollandaise
Béchamel
Salsa
Which of the following have a liquorice flavour
Anise and oregano
Star anise and mace
Nutmeg and basil
Tarragon and anise
What is the correct order of the following stages of sugar boiling?
soft crack, hard boil, caramel, thread
firm ball, caramel thread, soft crack
soft ball, hard ball, caramel, thread
thread, soft ball, firm ball, hard ball
The production or incorporation of gases in a baked product to increase volume and produce shape and texture is called:
leavening
hydrogenation
refining
baking
Salt is used in bread making for flavour. It also affects fermentation by:
killing the yeast
inhibiting the growth of yeast
allowing the product to rise
does not affect fermentation
Double acting baking powder requires __________ & ____________ to react:
moisture & heat
acid & moisture
heat & acid
none of the above
What form of leavening uses specific mixing methods (creaming or foaming) to incorporate air enabling a product to rise:
lamination
chemical
combination
mechanical
This form of leavening comes from the many different layers of fat in the dough (Danish dough or puff pastry)
The most common use for ammonium carbonate (baking ammonia) is:
high ratio cakes
quick breads
crackers
cookies
Yeast is sensitive to temperature. At what temperature does yeast grow best?
34°F (2°C)
60-80°F (17-30°C)
138°F (59°C)
70-130°F (21-54°C)
Working dough to develop gluten is the mixing method:
kneading
cutting or rubbing in
creaming
beating
Incorporating solid fat into dry ingredients until lumps of desired size remain is the mixing method:
blending
folding
The colourless and tasteless sugar glucose is derived from:
molasses
honey
corn syrup
malt sugar
Sugar cane is refined to produce sucrose. What are the stages of sugar production from raw to refined?
Raw sugar, turbinado, sanding, granulated, castor, confectioners
Granulated, castor, confectioners, sanding, castor
Raw sugar, sanding, confectioners, granulated, castor, turbinado
The shelf life of all purpose white flour sorted in a pest proof plastic container in a cool, dry place is:
3-months
6-months
9-months
1-year
Butter is made by changing milk fats into solid particles by churning. It is comprised of:
80% fat, 16% water, 2-4% milk solids
60% fat, 26% water, 12-14% milk solids
2-4% fat, 26% water, 70% milk solids
Where does lard come from?
dairy cows
render and pressed chicken fat
render and pressed pork fat
hydrogenated canola oil
A concentrated liquid made from aromatics is knows as:
a glaze
an essence
deglaze
nappé
When you sweat vegetables they should become:
caramel in colour
soft and dry
soft and translucent (clear)
moist and colourful
A uniform mixture of two un-mixable liquids is known as:
an emulsion
a vinaigrette
a marinade
a mignonette
The ratio for white mirepoix
50% onion, 25% celery, 25% leek
50% onion, 25% celery, 25% carrot
50% onion, 25% carrot, 25% leek
50% onion, 25% celery, 25% turnip
What are the three components required to produce a sandwich?
bread, meat, lettuce
bread, spread, filling
bread, mayo, lettuce
bread, mustard, meat
Roquefort, Gorgonzola, and Cambazola are all from which classification of cheese?
soft
firm
fresh
blue
Cheese can be produced from the following types of milk:
cows, ewes, camels
camels, buffalo, goats
goats, ewes, cows
all of the above
In vegetables the white pigment that stays white when exposed to acid but turn yellow in alkaline or when they are overcooked are called:
carotenoids
chlorophyll
flavones
anthocyanin
In vegetables the red pigments that turn bright red in acid are called:
In vegetables the yellow and orange pigments, carotenoids:
brighten when exposed to acid
dull when exposed to baking soda
are not affected by acid or alkaline
Diakons and potatoes are two examples of what type of vegetable?
flowers and leaves
fruit-vegetables
bulbs
roots and tubers
Broccoli and cauliflower are common examples of:
gourds and squash
pods and seeds
stalks and stems
Apples and pears are examples of what type of fruit?
citrus
tropical
hard
Which of the following are leading or mother sauces?
béchamel, estouffade, hollandaise
tomato, hollandaise, mornay
velouté, hollandaise, creole
béchamel, velouté, espagnol
Demi-glace is produced by reducing a mixture of:
½ tomato and ½ brown stock
½ brown stock and ½ velouté
½ estouffade and ½ espagnole
¾ estouffade and ¾ espagnole
To cook a liquid until the quantity decreases through evaporation, done to concentrate flavour and thicken is known as:
a derivative
a reduction
a sauce
boiling
Which of the following derivative sauces are produced from the mother sauce, Hollandaise:
Cheddar, Mornay, Nantua
Aurora, Poulette, Hungarian
Ivoire, Bercy, Cardinal
Bernaise, Choron, Foyot
Garnishes should:
be edible
add colour
add contrast and texture
Which is not a trait of waxy or new potatoes
white, yellow, blue or purple flesh
high in moisture
high in sugar
high in starch
The term 'mise en place' means:
to swirl a liquid in a pan to dissolve food particles for a sauce
foods cooked to order
a uniform mixture of un-mixable liquids
to put in place - the preparation and assembly of necessary ingredients and equipment
Which of the following is not a seasoning agent:
salt
garlic
cayenne pepper
lemon juice
Starchy potatoes are best used as:
baked potatoes
boiling potatoes
salad potatoes
for soups
What is matignon?
½ onion, bay leaves and cloves
standard mirepoix with smoked bacon or smoked ham and possibly mushrooms
a 9-oz. cut of beef
thyme, bay leaf, peppercorns and parsley stem
Spices come from:
Bark, roots, seeds, buds and berries
leaves, stems and flowers
peppers, capers, lemons and limes
grass, fruit, pods, stems and flowers
A slurry is a mixture of:
cold water and cornstarch
hot water and flour
cold water and a starch, used as a thickening agent
hot water and arrowroot
The ratio of a liaison, the thickening agent that requires tempering is:
2 parts egg : 1 part cream
3 parts egg : 1 part cream
1 part egg : 2 parts heavy cream
1 part egg : 3 parts heavy cream
Parboiled or converted rice has:
less nutrients than regular long grain rice
is steamed to remove impurities
more nutrients than regular long grain rice
requires washing prior to use
Select all options for grains that may be cooked in the same manner as rice are: (check all that apply)
potatoes, bulgur, and corn starch
oatmeal, barley and bulgur
cracked wheat, barley and couscous
What are the basic ingredients required to produce fresh pasta?
eggs, oil and wheat
flour, yolks, salt
liquid, flour and flavouring
How many teaspoons are in a tablespoon?
five
three
ten
four
How many tablespoons are in a pound (1 lb) of butter?
16
32
8
64
One pound is equal to:
343 g
454 g
18 oz
36 oz
The standard portion size for breakfast meats is:
10 oz
6 oz
4 oz
The most common meats served with breakfast are:
bacon, liver and sausage
bacon, ham and cheese
bacon, pork and beef
bacon, ham and sausage
Which methods of cooking eggs requires fresh grade A quality:
poaching and frying
scrambled and boiled
omelettes and boiled
shirred and custard
How many bites in a standard canapé?
10
4
1
2
What is the standard ratio for stock:
100% water, 50% bones, 10% mirepoix
100% bones, 100% water, 10% mirepoix
Which flour is used to produce dried pastas?
All purpose
Cake
Bread
Semolina
What is the temperature danger zone for food?
10-100°F
40-140°F
60-160°F
38-190°F
Beef consommé is classified as this type of soup:
Cream
Clear
Specialty
Thick
The ratio for a basic vinaigrette is:
1 part oil : 1 part vinegar
2 part oil : 1 part vinegar
3 part oil : 1 part vinegar
1 part oil : 2 part vinegar
What is the temperature for cooked sugar at the caramel stage?
236°F (110°C)
246°F (119°C)
300°F (149°C)
338°F (170°C)
Which plant cannot be used in the production of flour?
Bulgur
Wheat
Rice
In order to be classified as whipping cream the butter fat content must be:
higher than 18%
between 10-12%
between 32-40%
higher than 35%
Evaporated milk may be kept in dry stores because it has (check all that apply)
100% of the water content removed
been sterilized and canned
60% of the water content removed
Fortified non-fat milk is:
mainly used for dietary purposes
has a fat content of less than 0.5%
has substances added to increase nutritional value
Buttermilk is:
the liquid portion of coagulated milk
milk with a fat content between 0.9-1.1%
skimmed milk that has been soured by bacteria
milk with a fat content of 3.25%, 8.5% milk solids and 88% water
Whey solids can be used to: (check all that apply)
replace milk solids in baked goods
added to dry mixes and beverages as a nutrient and flavour
reconstituted to produce milk
A convenience product that can replace stock in the production of soup is known as:
chicken or beef base
water
fruit juice
powdered chicken or beef
Which sugar product is made from sugar cane, plants, grains or bees?
liquid sweetener
brown sugar
Select all fats from the list below:
Vegetable oil
Butter
Shortening
Which of the following are categories of custards?
Stirred and baked
Shirred and baked
Cooked and baked
Stove top and bain marie
What is the protein content of bread flour?
7%
9%
11%
12-15%
Which of the following are monounsaturated oils?
Butter and shortening
Vegetable oil and margarine
Olive oil and vegetable oil
Lard and beef suet
The two types of baking powder are:
Single and looking
Double and happy
Single acting and double acting
In respect to gelatin, the word 'bloom' means:
white mould present on the outside of the box
to soften with cold water
to soften in hot water
to ensure all particles have melted
The two forms of chemical leavening are:
Baking soda and baking powder
Creaming method and foaming method
Compressed yeast and active dry yeast
Lamination and mechanical
A standard large egg weighs:
54 g
222 g
78 g
30 g
An American sauce traditionally made with tomatoes, onions, mustard, garlic, brown sugar and vinegar:
coulis
compote
chutney
barbecue
This product comes from the starchy seed of a semiaquatic grass:
potato
rice
beans
flour
Brown rice has:
the bran intact and husk removed
the bran removed
a mushy texture
the bran and husk removed
Which of the following fruits are all types of stone fruit?
Apple, figs and peaches
Cherries, peaches and plums
Bananas, grapes and watermelon
Oranges, lemons and limes
Which of the following fruits oxidize once peeled?
Watermelon, honeydew and pineapple
Apples, pears and bananas
Kiwi, rhubarb and mangoes
What is the shelf life of soft fruit?
2-3 days
2-3 weeks
2-3 years
23 years
Monterey Jack, Cheddar and Havarti are classified as:
hard cheese
soft cheese
blue cheese
firm cheese
The recommended cooking time for beef stock is:
6-8 minutes
6-8 hours
6-8 days
6-8 years
Which of the following cannot be used as a thickening agent?
Roux
Milk
Uniform cuts are used to: (check all that apply)
Ensure even cooking
Increase holding time
Enhance presentation
A semi-liquid coating is known as a:
batter
runner
panner
tempura
Water, mirepoix, flavouring and acid form a poaching liquid known as:
Remouillage
Vegetable
Court bouillon
Reduction
A clear, unthickened liquid flavoured by soluble substances extracted from bones and mirepoix is a:
remouillage
stock
broth
court bouillon
Heavy cream, crayfish butter and paprika added to Béchamel finished with diced crayfish produces the following derivative sauce:
Mornay
Nantua
Cheddar
Poulette
Which of the following are derivatives of the leading sauce, Béchamel:
Nantua, Soubise, Aurora, Poulette
Mornay, Nantua, Cheddar, Soubise
Normandy, Bercy, Cheddar, Poulette
Mushroom, Bercy, Mornay, Cream
A confection that does not contain any chocolate liquor:
dark chocolate
semi-sweet chocolate
white chocolate
The average shelf life for chocolate that is properly stored at a cool, consistent temperature away from strong odours and moisture is:
3 months
6 months
1 year
2 years
Bloom on chocolate:
is the migration of cocoa butter
does affect the flavour and function
is dangerous to eat
The non-alcoholic paste called chocolate liquor contains approximately:
29% cocoa butter
53% cocoa butter
89% cocoa butter
105% cocoa butter
Flavouring oils mixed into water with the aid of an emulsifier are known as:
extracts
imitation flavours
natural flavours
emulsions
The oil in lemon containing the most flavour can be found in:
the pitts/pips
the flesh
the juice
the zest
The purpose of blanching and par cooking is:
to save time
increase holding qualities
remove undesirable flavours
This non-derivative sauce can be made from puréed vegetables or fruit and served hot or cold:
aioli
tartar sauce
The dry powder that remains after cocoa butter has been removed from the chocolate liquor is:
hot chocolate
cocoa powder
milk chocolate
bittersweet chocolate
A marinade must include:
oil, acid and flavourings
stock, vegetables and garlic
salt, sugar and water
fat, wine and flour
In which order would these ingredients be set up at paner station
egg wash, flour, breadcrumb
flour, breadcrumb, egg wash
flour, egg wash, breadcrumb
breadcrumb, egg wash, flour
This type of salt is mined from underground deposits and comes in edible and non-edible forms:
Rock
Sea
Red
Pink
Salt is the most basic seasoning. It is used:
to preserve foods
to enhance flavours
to inhibit the growth of yeast
To cook pasta or vegetables until it gives slight resistance when one bites into it:
au bleu
à la carte
al dente
au sec
To pound or coarsely chop food:
émincé
brunoise
garnish
concasser
Which of the following is not a wild mushroom?
Porcini
Morel
Truffles
Crimini
Mushrooms are found in what category of vegetables:
Fungi
Pods and seeds
Leaves and stems
Roots and tubers
What are the three groups of shapes of pasta?
Ribbons, bows and blankets
Tubes, ribbons and shapes
Diamonds, hearts and spades
Paysanne, triangles and moons
Bok choy, broccoli and brussel sprouts are examples of:
cabbages
fungi
When making consommé, the combination of cold ground meat, egg whites and ground flavourings is known as:
a mess
clearmeat
clear gel
a thickening agent
The only type of salt used to season consommé because it stays clear when dissolved:
table
culinary
kosher
rock
The triple sink method for washing dishes should be set up in the following order:
sanitizer, soap, clean water
rinse water, sanitizer, soapy water
soapy water, sanitizer, clean water
soapy water, clean water, sanitizer
Water icing is a mixture of:
butter and icing sugar
confectioners sugar and liquid
granulated sugar and butter
sanding sugar and water
What does the term docking mean in relation to pastry?
to partially bake before using
to make holes to allow steam to escape
to cut a design
to allow pastry to rest before baking
What are the best type of bones to use in the production of quality fish stock?
salmon
fatty
lean
halibut
Stock should be prepared in a:
large pot
tilt pan
heavy bottom pot
heavy bottom pot with a spigot
What effect does fat have on fermentation?
tenderizes and moistens
slows down the fermentation process
increases volume
This hydrogenated oil is solid, white, tasteless, odourless and used for pâte brisée:
butter
shortening
lard
suet
Broth based soups should be served at:
-120°F
190°F
210°F
4°F
The first step in preparing a puréed soup is to:
boil the stock
sweat the mirepoix
soak the beans
crush the garlic
To increase the shelf life of cream soups, add the cream:
before cooling
before reheating
before service
Eggs may be purchased:
fresh, frozen or dried
whole, yolks or whites
whole with extra yolks