That mammals are dissimilar

That mammals use their limbs for different purposes

That mammals existed in the past

That mammals all share a common mammalian ancestor

The habitats were different on the different islands and selected different traits

Each bird was created separately to survive in different environmental conditions

Different traits that were needed for survival appeared in the birds so that the birds did not go extinct

That all of the birds of Hawaii share a common ancestor

Lampreys live in the water and don´t need as much Hb

Lamprey Hb and human Hb perform different functions

The common ancestor for humans and lampreys is very far in the past

Lampreys and humans are not related

Because biology is the study of species

Because data cannot reliably be collected in more than one place

Because only individuals of the same species in the same place can reproduce

Because individuals of a population may impact each other´s survival

Because some flies ate more food before the food was removed

Because there is variation in the population for starvation resistance

Because some flies needed to live longer without food

Because some flies conserved more energy by flying less

How long can fruit flies survive before starvation?

Evolution is something we can observe

Fruit flies will become starvation resistant when they need to survive

Fruit flies can be bred to live longer before starvation

Because you are selecting for a trait than impacts survival and reproduction

Because you are selecting flies that can reproduce

Because you are selecting flies that have acquired starvation resistance

Because you need to have some flies reproduce

Its genes must be carried by another individual in the population

Only some of its genes will pass into the next generation

None of its genes will pass into the next generation

Its genes will skip a generation

Because they needed to evolve the ability to resist starvation

Because some had genes that allowed them to survive longer without food

Because the flies ate more food in Generation 60 so that they could survive longer without food

Because some had traits that they acquired that allowed them to survive without food

That some individuals were able to pass their genes into the next generation

That some individuals were able to resist the antibacterial soap

That all individuals reproduced successfully

That all were able to resist the antibacterial soap