Loading [MathJax]/jax/output/HTML-CSS/fonts/TeX/fontdata.js
erin cobo
Mind Map by , created more than 1 year ago

OCR 21st century additional science mind map, unit c4.

174
11
0
erin cobo
Created by erin cobo almost 10 years ago
Rate this resource by clicking on the stars below:
1 2 3 4 5 (1)
Ratings (1)
1
0
0
0
0

0 comments

There are no comments, be the first and leave one below:

Close
C4: ChemicalPatternsDevelopment of the periodic tableAlkali Metals and HalogensThe Modern Periodic TableIons and FormulasIonic BondingLab SafetyOxidisingProvides oxygen whichallows other materials toburn more fiercely.ToxicCan cause death either byswallowing, breathing in, orabsorption through the skin.ExplosiveHighly FlammableCorrosiveAttacks and destroys living tissue.1. Dobereiner's Triad'sDobereiner put the elements into groups ofthree based on their chemical properties.The middle elementhad a RAM whichwas average of theother two.2. Newland's OctavesNewlands noticed thatwhen you put element inorder of their relativeatomic mass, every eightelement had similarproperties.But the pattern broke downon the transition metals.Newland's work wasignored by the chemicalsociety because he didn'tleave gaps forundiscovered elements,nor did his groups havesimilar properties.3. MendleevMendleev left gaps and predictednew elements, he noticed thegaps needed to be made in orderfor each vertical group to havesimilar properties.His ideas were confirmed when his predictionswere proved to be correct.puts elements with similar propertiestogether, laid out in increasing protonnumber.Arranging the elements like this meansthat there are repeating patterns in theproperties of elements.If you know the properties of oneelement in the group, you can predictthe properties of other elements.Making predictions about reactivity canbe done because the elements arearranged in this way.Rows= PeriodsColums= groupsRelative atomic mass= sum ofprotons and neutrons288Ions are made when atoms gain or loose electrons.Group 1 become positive ions when theycomplete their outer shell.Group 7 become negative ions when theycomplete their outer shell.Transferring electronsOppositly charged ions are strongly attracted toeach other. They stick to another oppositely chargedion and form an ionic bond.Sodium and ChlorineChlorine (7) picks up sodium's spare electron and becomes anegative ion, as sodium (1) looses this electron it becomespositive. As the two ions are now strongly attracted to eachother, they stick and form an ionic bond.Solid ionic compounds (like sodium chloride) aremade up of giant lattice of ions. Each lattice formsa single crystal.The fact that the molten compounds of metals andnon-metals can conduct electricity is proof thatthey're made up of ions.Some metals, like iron, copper and tin form ions with differentcharges. The number of brackets after the name tells you thepositive charge e.g. iron (II) has a charge of +2, so the ionicformula is Fe2+.The charges on an ionic compound add up to 0.To balance ionic formulas one must put numbers in front of the numbers, like a regularequation..Line SpectrumsDouble click this nodeto edit the textClick and drag this buttonto create a new node