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Pauline Leota
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Lecture 1

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Pauline Leota
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Highway Engineering 1 lecture 1

Question 1 of 30 Question 1 of 30

1

On the Auckland Transport Website how is a road or road reserve defined?

Select one or more of the following:

  • the area from the property boundary on one side of the road to the property boundary on the other side of the road. This includes the berm (grass verge), footpath and carriageway

  • the area from the foot path on one side of the road to the footpath on the other side of the road. This includes the berm (grass verge), footpath and carriageway

  • the berm from one side of the road, the guttering, the road, the opposite guttering to the berm on the other side of the road.

  • the road itself no other items included

Explanation

Question 2 of 30 Question 2 of 30

1

How many types of pavements are there?

Select one of the following:

  • 4

  • 3

  • 2

  • 5

Explanation

Question 3 of 30 Question 3 of 30

6

Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements are rigid pavements. Choose the correct facts about rigid pavement.

Select one or more of the following:

  • May or may not be laid on top of granular materials

  • Expensive to make due to concrete laying machinery

  • Does not flex under loading to accommodate traffic due to their high modulus of Elasticity

  • Are self draining due to porous properties of concrete

  • Do not need any reinforcement due to the concrete colour strength

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 4 of 30 Question 4 of 30

1

Flexible pavement structure flexes to accommodate traffic loads. Choose the correct facts about flexible pavements.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Flexible pavements can be made from wood, steel or glass chips depending on the countries code of practice.

  • Flexible pavements are bituminous pavements and can either be chipseal or asphaltic concrete surfacing.

  • Flexible pavements may or may not incorporate underlying layers of stabilized or unstabilized granular materials on a prepared subgrade.

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 5 of 30 Question 5 of 30

3

Semi-rigid or semi-flexible pavements are a mixture of rigid and flexible options. Choose the correct facts about this pavement type.

Select one or more of the following:

  • An asphalt layer can overlay a PCC pavement when removing or reapiring the old PCC layer is not economical or practical?

  • Semi-rigid designs comprise of cement-asphaltic concrete mixture as the surfacing layer or the courses underneath the surfacing layer can be mixed withe either cement or asphalt to achieve a stronger base

  • Resin modified pavements (RMP) was the original term for cement asphalt composite surfacing due to the use of polymer modified cement grouting material

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 6 of 30 Question 6 of 30

1

Pavement deflection under a vehicle wheel load, tensile stresses occur at the top of the pavement and compressive stresses occur at the bottom.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 7 of 30 Question 7 of 30

1

What are the components of a road pavement in order.

Select one of the following:

  • Hot-mix Asphalt Surface, subgade, subbase(optional), Frost protection (as appropriate) basecourse.

  • Chips, Bitumen, Frost protection (as appropriate) subbase, sub grade, Base course

  • Hot-mix Asphalt Surface, Base Course (maybe stabilized) Subbase (optional) Frost protection (as appropriate) subgrade

Explanation

Question 8 of 30 Question 8 of 30

1

What do we need a road to do? Choose one.

Select one of the following:

  • Safe, comfortable travel of vehicles and non vehicular traffic

  • Consider alternative environmentally sustainable designs

  • Serviceability- suitable for everyday use

  • Amenity- convenient feature accessible

  • Access to all lots

  • links to roading network- local to highways

  • comply with standards and plans - eg AT or NZTA

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 9 of 30 Question 9 of 30

1

There are two different types of road heavy duty (Airport runways, motorways, wharves and container depots) and light duty (temporary roads and haul roads)?

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 30 Question 10 of 30

1

What are the construction types of roads. Choose the correct answers.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Reinforced with Geo-textiles or Geo-grids

  • Asphaltic Concrete (Bituminous bound)

  • Concrete

  • Reinforced Asphalt

  • Lime or Cement Stabilised Bases or Subgrade

  • Unbound Crushed aggregate

  • Block paving

Explanation

Question 11 of 30 Question 11 of 30

1

The mechanistic-Empirical Design approach seeks to explain the relationship between the loads and material properties of the pavement structure which is typically described using a mathematical model

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 30 Question 12 of 30

1

The Empirical Design approach uses data from experience, experimentation or a combination of both.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 13 of 30 Question 13 of 30

1

What are the advantages of a mechanistic-empirical pavement design method?

Select one or more of the following:

  • can be used for both existing pavement rehabilitation and new pavement construction

  • It provides more reliable performance predictions

  • It better defines the role of construction

  • It accommodates environmental and aging effects of materials

  • It can better characterize materials allowing for : better utilization of new materials, Accommodation of new materials and an improved definition of existing layer properties

  • 'it accommodates changing load types

Explanation

Question 14 of 30 Question 14 of 30

1

The benefit of the mechanistic-empirical approach is its ability to accurately characterize insitu material, It eliminates the guess work, can be costly and new data is still developing.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 15 of 30 Question 15 of 30

1

Who is the controlling authority for NZ state highways?

Select one of the following:

  • The New Zealand Transport Authority (NZTA)

  • The New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA)

  • Department of Transport and Main Roads New Zealand (TMRNZ)

  • Australia/New Zealand transport Authority ANZTA

Explanation

Question 16 of 30 Question 16 of 30

1

The local authorities are responsible for local roads. In Auckland the Auckland Transport (AT) controls all local roads. It is a council controlled organization (CCO)

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 17 of 30 Question 17 of 30

1

Choose the correct Road Hierarchy functions:

Select one or more of the following:

  • The hierarchical classification system is regarded as a fundamental tool for urban development and road network design and management

  • roads/streets are designated into different groups or classes according to the type of service each group is intended to provide

  • The conventional road hierarchy classifies roads/streets according to their movement and access functions

Explanation

Question 18 of 30 Question 18 of 30

1

What are the Auckland Hierarchy components for Arterials

Select one of the following:

  • Motorways

  • Strategic Arterials

  • Primary Arterials

  • Secondary Arterials

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 19 of 30 Question 19 of 30

1

What are the Auckland Hierarchy components for Non-arterial roads?

Select one of the following:

  • Collector/connector roads

  • Local streets

  • lanes & service lanes

  • shared space/shared zones

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 20 of 30 Question 20 of 30

1

What are the factors Influencing road design?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Design vehicles, design speed, road user characteristics, functional classifications

  • Money, government policy, how fast the prime minister needs to travel, the need for animals to cross.

  • Traffic volumes by type %heavy commercial vehicles, bus route and network, cycle volumes and network, land use context

  • the amount of bridges per road, how many pedestrian crossings are needed, the lighting systems, toll roads

Explanation

Question 21 of 30 Question 21 of 30

1

Collectors/distributors types of roads collect tolls and traffic fines and distribute amongst the road funding

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 22 of 30 Question 22 of 30

1

Local roads/streets provide vehicle access to developments and residential properties, access for emergency service vehicles, pedestrian and cyclist movements, neighbourhood social interactions, aesthetic values to the neighborhood, speed is kept low i.e 50km/h

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 23 of 30 Question 23 of 30

1

Levels of Temporary Traffic Management (TTM) are: (choose all those that apply)

Select one or more of the following:

  • level 3 - high volume, high speed multi-lane roads Expressways and Motorways (AADT greater than 10, 000 vpd and speed greater than 75km/h)

  • Level LV: low volume roads (AADT less than 500vpd)

  • Level 2 - high volume Roads (AADT greater than 10000 vpd

  • Level 1- low to moderate volume roads(AADT 500 to10,000vpd)

Explanation

Question 24 of 30 Question 24 of 30

1

How a road works: Pressure is exerted via a vehicle load on the surfacing layer. The pressure is distributed through the Basecourse and Subbase layers so the Pressure is reduced to a level that causes minimal subgrade deformation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 25 of 30 Question 25 of 30

1

Choose the correct facts for the Subgrade:

Select one or more of the following:

  • It is the insitu soil beneath the road

  • It has requirements of: strength-to support road loads, Drainage- to shed water, line and level-correct alignment and level for the road, and smooth-no bumps and hollows

  • The layer just below the bituminous surface

  • Subgrade may be soft so options are: thicker sub-base layer, sub-grade improvement by drainage, preloading, lime stabilization, cement stabilization

Explanation

Question 26 of 30 Question 26 of 30

1

the Subbase layer is between the base course and the subgrade and functions primarily as a structural support

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 27 of 30 Question 27 of 30

1

Choose the facts for the subbase layer:

Select one of the following:

  • Minimizes the intrusion of fines from the subgrade into the pavement structure

  • Improves Drainage

  • Minimizes frost action damage

  • provides a working platform for construction

  • Generally consists of lower quality materials than the base course but better than the subgrade soil

  • A subbase course is not always needed or used

  • All of the above

Explanation

Question 28 of 30 Question 28 of 30

1

Basecourse, is the top of pavement, structural support to wheel loads, distributes load to subbase, minimum layer of 100mm and is compacted to "stone mosaic" finish not entirely smooth as needs to connect the surface layer with top of base course

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 29 of 30 Question 29 of 30

1

What is surfacing-chipseal?

Select one of the following:

  • chip encased in binder, first coat seals-grade 4 in lower viscosity bitumen, second coat seals- grade 2 or 43 chip with 180/200 bitumen, Alternative-seal with locking coat (wet or dry)

  • Damaged pieces of road that has "chipped off"

  • Bitumen with M 40 agreggate. Double coated for protection and long lasting coverage.

Explanation

Question 30 of 30 Question 30 of 30

1

what are thicker layers 100 to 150 mm semi rigid pavement,not used much in NZ rural areas as it is too expensive, waterproof, does not need chip seal underneath, tack coat usually used- called?

Select one of the following:

  • surfacing AC

  • Sufacing- BC

  • surfacing-CD

Explanation

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