The differences between ordinary and major depression depend on:
geographic location and gender.
intensity and duration.
when they occur in one's lifetime.
society and diet.
On the average, those with the short form of the ________ transporter gene and a history of stressful experiences reported more than average symptoms of depression.
dopamine
calcium
serotonin
acetylcholine
In contrast to tricyclics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs):
increase action potential velocity.
act on the left hemisphere while tricyclics act on the right.
block the reuptake of only serotonin.
block reuptake of both catecholamines and serotonin.
An example of a "negative symptom" of schizophrenia is:
poor emotional expression.
thought disorder.
hallucinations.
delusions.
Brain damage common to schizophrenia includes:
loss of axons between the substantia nigra and the basal ganglia
a heavier forebrain.
larger than normal cerebral ventricles.
a proliferation of glial cells.
A serious side effect that develops in some people after prolonged use of neuroleptic drugs is:
attention deficit disorder.
saccadic eye movements.
tardive dyskinesia.
seasonal affective disorder.
In most humans, control of language is centered in the:
right hemisphere.
corpus callosum.
left hemisphere
cerebellum
One way to test the hypothesis that people are biologically adapted to learn best during a critical period is to:
determine whether people learn a second language better than a first language.
compare the grammar use of children and adults.
determine whether people learn a second language if they start at various ages.
compare the vocabularies of children and adults.
More typical of dyslexic people than of other people is:
a bilaterally symmetrical cerebral cortex.
a planum temporale that is larger in the left hemisphere than the right hemisphere.
an overresponsive magnocellular pathway in the visual system.
damage to the posterior portion of the corpus callosum.
In many instances, spatial neglect appears to be linked to ________ problems.
Motor
Cognitive
Sensory
Attention
A symptom of right-hemisphere parietal lobe damage is the tendency to ignore the:
ventral areas of the body.
dorsal areas of the body.
contralateral side of the body and world.
ipsilateral side of the body and world.
A person with anomia would have the most difficulty with:
reaching out to touch objects.
speaking rapidly and fluently.
remembering the names of objects.
understanding written, as opposed to spoken, language.
Control of the emotional content of speech depends on
both hemispheres equally.
the right hemisphere.
the left hemisphere.
the corpus callosum.
In Pavlov's experiments he presented a sound followed by meat. Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation. The meat in this experiment was the:
conditioned stimulus.
conditioned response.
unconditioned stimulus.
unconditioned response.
Preventing learning is to ________ as suppressing a response is to ________.
the red nucleus; the lateral interpositus nucleus
the lateral interpositus nucleus; the red nucleus
classical conditioning; operant conditioning
operant conditioning; classical conditioning
HM was able to learn and remember:
how to find his way to a new residence.
events in recent history.
people's names.
skills like mazes and puzzles.
What might prevent many cases of Korsakoff's syndrome?
Alcoholic beverages fortified with thiamine.
Prohibition of the use of herbicides.
Warning labels on cigarettes.
Prohibition of the use of aluminum in cooking pots and pans.
Alzheimer's is associated with brain damage as a result of:
loss of cell bodies in the dorsomedial thalamus.
loss of the fibers connecting the substantia nigra to the basal ganglia.
tangles and plaques in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
an epileptic focus in the temporal lobe of the cortex.
Which of the following is an example of habituation?
After a tone is repeatedly paired with a shock, a person responds more strongly to the tone.
After repeated shocks, a person responds more strongly to the shock.
After a tone occurs many times, a person stops responding to it.
After repeated shocks, a person stops responding to other stimuli.
Blocking NMDA synapses has what effect, if any, on LTP?
There is no effect on LTP.
It prevents the establishment of LTP.
It enhances the establishment of LTP.
In prevents the maintenance of previously established LTP.
Psychologists typically define emotion in terms of the following three components:
actions, cognitions, and emotions.
feelings, actions, and emotions.
cognitions, feelings, and actions.
cognitions, actions, and emotions.
Which evidence is most detrimental to the James-Lange theory?
Changes in arousal are reported as changes in emotions.
Patients with pure autonomic failure experience emotions.
Some people feel stronger emotions than others do.
Sometimes people have trouble reporting what they are feeling.
Impulsive behavior and poor decisions are common symptoms of:
temporal damage.
parietal damage.
occipital damage.
prefrontal damage.
The concentration of 5-HIAA in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine provides an estimate of:
dopamine turnover.
serotonin turnover.
serotonin stores.
dopamine stores.
Suppose you want to DECREASE the aggressive behavior of an animal, and all you are allowed to use is a nutritional supplement. Which might be a good choice?
increase tryptophan
decrease lecithin
increase phenylalanine
decrease thiamine
A startle reflex occurs in response to:
depression.
anxiety.
grief.
an unexpected loud noise.
A combination of benzodiazepines and alcohol should be avoided because:
the combination produces excessive anxiety.
each magnifies the effects of the other.
they react with each other chemically to form a new compound.
each cancels the effects of the other.
Among identical twins, if one of them has PTSD, then the other is also likely to have a:
small hippocampus.
small adrenal gland.
large adrenal gland.
large hippocampus.
The ________, which is so important for emotional processing, is essential for the extreme emotional impact that produces PTSD.
thalamus
hippocampus
amygdala
cingulate
Are you ready for the Final?
