flash cards/ revision notes for nearly all topics in the F211 syllabus. still not completed yet, i have other things yet to add. OCR EXAM BOARD SPECIFICATION
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what is the maximum resolution of the light microscope and the electron microscope?
what is the maximum magnification of the light, TEM and SEM microscopes?
actual size=
magnification=
define resolution?
define magnification?
outline the roles of the cytoskeleton?
outline the process of cilia and goblet cells in removal of waste?
role of vesicles?
structure of nucleus?
role of nucleus?
structure of RER?
structure of SER?
role of vesicles?
role of SER?
structure and role of Golgi?
structure and role of mitochondria?
structure and role of chloroplasts?
structure and role of lysosomes?
structure and role of ribosomes?
structure and role of centrioles?
outline the process of protein synthesis
outline roles of membranes
outline the structure of a phospholipid membrane
define cell signalling?
define diffusion?
define active transport?
what effects the rate of diffusion?
outline facilitated diffusion using channel proteins
-give an example
outline facilitated diffusion using carrier proteins
-give an example
outline bulk transport
what are the passive processes?
what are the active processes?
define osmosis?
what happens to animal cells in a solution with high water potential?
what happens to plant cells in a solution with high water potential?
what happens to animal cells in a solution with a low water potential?
what happens to plant cells in a solution with low water potential?
outline the phases of mitosis
what is a diploid cell
what is a haploid cell
role of RER?
at what phase in mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the centre of the cell?
what are the 2 end products called from successful mitosis
what is the process where the cell splits in cell division called?
what are the only plant cells able to divide called?
what prevents plant cells from dividing like mammal cells?
define clone?
what is an advantage of having genetically identical crops?
what are the dis-advantages of having genetically identical crops?
pros of plants being able to reproduce asexually?
multicellular organisms need transport systems why?
define differentiation?
how can cells adapt to become differentiated?
role of neutrophils in body?
define tissues?
define organ?
define organ systems?
outline the xylem tissue structure
outline the phloem tissue structure
give 2 examples of epithelial tissues
give 2 examples of connective tissues
list requirements for photosynthesis
how are leaves adapted for photosynthesis?
why do plants need water in their leaves?
why is it important that products of photosynthesis is transported up & down plant?
how does SA:VOL ratio effect diffusion?
define exchange surface?
why do large organisms need special exchange surfaces?
what makes an exchange surface efficient?
list the things that make up the gas exchange system
role of cartilage?
role of smooth muscle?
role of elastic fibres?
define tidal volume?
define vital capacity?
define residual volume?
define inpiratory reserve volume
define expiratory reserve volume
what is a double circulatory system?
list features of a good transport system?
what is an open circulatory system?
what is a closed circulatory system?
which side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood away form the heart?
which side of the heart pumps blood to the rest of the body?
in what section of the heart is the atrioventricular valves located?
what makes up the artery?
what makes up the vein?
what makes up the capillary?
role of elastic tissue?
role of tissue fluid?
when haemoglobin binds to oxygen it becomes?
how are hydrogen carbonate ions formed?
what is the Bohr effect?
what is the appoplast pathway?
what is the symplast pathway?
what is the vacuolar pathway?
how does water travel up the stem?
how does H2O leave the leaf?
what does evaporation cause?
define transpiration?
