What is the difference between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics?
Pharmacodynamics studies drug mechanisms of action. Pharmacokinetics studies the movement of a drug through the body over time.
Pharmacokinetics studies the movement of a drug through the body over time. Pharmacodynamics studies drug mechanisms of action.
What does ADME stand for?
Absorption Distribution Metabolism Elimination
Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion
Why is the intravenous route of administration more beneficial than other routes of administration? Why is it less beneficial?
The intravenous route of administration results in complete absorption of API. It is better for large volumes or APIs that may irritate the skin. It can be used in emergencies for immediate action. However, adverse events are more likely since the entire dose reaches systemic circulation and it is not suitable for oily or poorly soluble solutions.
Intravenous is most convenient.
Why is the subcutaneous route of administration beneficial? Why is it not beneficial?
The subcutaneous route of administration is absorbed quickly for aqueous solutions but can be slow and sustained for poorly soluble suspensions. However it is not suitable for large volumes of API and pain or necrosis at the site of injections is possible.
Subcutaneous is the most convenient route of administration.
Why is the intramuscular route of administration beneficial? Why is it not beneficial?
The intramuscular route of administration is absorbed quickly if the API is aqueous. It is suitable for moderate volumes, oily vehicles, or APIs that may cause irritation on the skin. However, it can interfere with the interpretation of some lab tests (i.e. creatinine kinase levels).
Intramuscular is the most convenient route of administraiton.
Why is the oral route of administration beneficial? Why is is not beneficial?
The oral route of administration is the most convenient and economical. However, it requires patient compliance and bioavailability can be potentially incomplete and variable.
The oral route of administration is not convenient.
