Disturbances of Circulation - L3-5

Question 1 of 22

1

Hyperaemiam

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Increased blood in vascular bed

Dilation of arterioles

increased erythrocytes = more redness

Well oxygenated blood

ACTIVE process

e.g. blushing

Explanation

Question 2 of 22

1

Congestion

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Increased blood in terminal vascular bed

impeded outflow

Type 1 = localised

Type 2 = Generalised

Type 3 = Hypostatic

Explanation

Question 3 of 22

1

Ishaemia

Define: ❌ ❌

Consequences: ❌, ❌, ❌

Causes: ❌, ❌, ❌, C❌, ❌

E.g.: ❌, ❌, ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Inadequare blood supply of tissue

relative to its needs

Hypoxia

Malunutrition

Build up of waste products

Cardiac arrest

Arterial obstruction

Venous obstruction

apillary damage

Shock

Heart attack

Arteritis

Bed sores

Explanation

Question 4 of 22

1

Effects of Congestion

Gradual onset - ❌ ❌
Chronic congestion - ❌ = ❌
e.g ❌, ❌, ❌

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collateral circulation can develop so

effects are minimised

continues for long time

serious effects

Odema

Hypoxia

Haemorrhage

Explanation

Question 5 of 22

1

Ischaemia - ❌ ❌
Infarction - ❌ ❌
Hypoxia - ❌ ❌

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Inadequate blood supply of a tissue

relative to its needs

Localised area of necrosis

caused by ischemia

Deficiency in the amount of oxygen

reaching the tissue

Explanation

Question 6 of 22

1

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Acute infarct -

Colour:

Shape:

Explanation

Question 7 of 22

1

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Sub-acute infarct - tissue

What happens:
out of area
decreases
Area becomes
Line of

Explanation

Question 8 of 22

1

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Chronic infarct - to fibrosis

Fibrosis -

Explanation

Question 9 of 22

1

Thrombus - ❌ within the ❌ ❌
Thrombosis - ❌
Embolus - ❌ stream
Embolism - ❌ a vessel

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Arrest of a circulating mass within

Abnormal mass circulating in the blood

Process by which a thrombus forms

Blood clot/solid structure that forms

flowing blood stream from the normal

constituents of blood during life

Explanation

Question 10 of 22

1

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Three Components of Virchow's Triad
1.
2.
3. /

Explanation

Question 11 of 22

1

Virchow's Triad

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Most important

Influences thrombus progression

Influences thrombus progression (3rd)

Explanation

Question 12 of 22

1

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Different types of embolus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Explanation

Question 13 of 22

1

Diapedesis - ❌ ❌ ❌
Haematoma - ❌, ❌
Petechiae - ❌
Ecchymoses - ❌
Bruising - ❌

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Subcutaneous haemorrhage

Slightly larger foci of haemorrhage

Very small haemorrhagic spots

Local accumulation of blood

usually clotted

Small momentary spurting losses of blood

occur between endothelial cell

of otherwise normal capillaries

Explanation

Question 14 of 22

1

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Haemorrhage Compensatory Mechanisms
1.
2.
3.

Explanation

Question 15 of 22

1

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Classifications of Shock
1. shock
2. () shock
3. shock

Explanation

Question 16 of 22

1

Oedema - ❌
Anasarca - ❌
Ascites - ❌
Hydropericardium - ❌
Hydrothorax - ❌

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Fluid in pleural cavity

Fluid in pericardical sac

Fluid in abdomen

Generalised subcutaneous oedema

Excessive accumulation of tissue fluid

Explanation

Question 17 of 22

1

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Starling's Equilibrium

Filtration Pressure = in plasma and tissues - in plasma and tissues

Movement of between and compartments depends on the balance between and

Explanation

Question 18 of 22

1

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Increased hydrostatic pressure

Results from:
within vessels which overcomes the of leading to a net increase in that is not matched by or by

Explanation

Question 19 of 22

1

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Decreased plasma oncotic (osmotic) pressure

A reduction in
is the most protein and most
Hypoalbuminaemia = of decreased osmotic pressure

Explanation

Question 20 of 22

1

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Lymphatic Blockage

Seen if there is an of a regional node OR
if

Explanation

Question 21 of 22

1

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Increased vascular permeability

Most commonly results from
Increase in vascular permeability by between
Causes an increase in the loss of , and

Explanation

Question 22 of 22

1

	Created by Hannah-Marie Rhodes over 4 years ago

Pathology Quiz on Disturbances of Circulation - L3-5, created by Hannah-Marie Rhodes on 08/02/2020.

Disturbances of Circulation - L3-5

Question 1 of 22

Hyperaemiam

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 2 of 22

Congestion

Drag an answer into the correct orange point.

Explanation

Question 3 of 22

Ishaemia Define: ❌ ❌ Consequences: ❌, ❌, ❌ Causes: ❌, ❌, ❌, C❌, ❌ E.g.: ❌, ❌, ❌

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 4 of 22

Effects of Congestion Gradual onset - ❌ ❌ Chronic congestion - ❌ = ❌ e.g ❌, ❌, ❌

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Explanation

Question 5 of 22

Ischaemia - ❌ ❌ Infarction - ❌ ❌ Hypoxia - ❌ ❌

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Explanation

Question 6 of 22

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Acute infarct - Colour: Shape:

Explanation

Question 7 of 22

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Sub-acute infarct - tissue What happens: out of area decreases Area becomes Line of

Explanation

Question 8 of 22

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Chronic infarct - to fibrosis Fibrosis -

Explanation

Question 9 of 22

Thrombus - ❌ within the ❌ ❌ Thrombosis - ❌ Embolus - ❌ stream Embolism - ❌ a vessel

Drag and drop to complete the text.

Explanation

Question 10 of 22

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Three Components of Virchow's Triad 1. 2. 3. /

Explanation

Question 11 of 22

Virchow's Triad

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Explanation

Question 12 of 22

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Different types of embolus 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Explanation

Question 13 of 22

Diapedesis - ❌ ❌ ❌ Haematoma - ❌, ❌ Petechiae - ❌ Ecchymoses - ❌ Bruising - ❌

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Explanation

Question 14 of 22

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Haemorrhage Compensatory Mechanisms 1. 2. 3.

Explanation

Question 15 of 22

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Classifications of Shock 1. shock 2. () shock 3. shock

Explanation

Question 16 of 22

Oedema - ❌ Anasarca - ❌ Ascites - ❌ Hydropericardium - ❌ Hydrothorax - ❌

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Explanation

Question 17 of 22

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Starling's Equilibrium Filtration Pressure = in plasma and tissues - in plasma and tissues Movement of between and compartments depends on the balance between and

Explanation

Question 18 of 22

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Increased hydrostatic pressure Results from: within vessels which overcomes the of leading to a net increase in that is not matched by or by

Explanation

Question 19 of 22

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Decreased plasma oncotic (osmotic) pressure A reduction in is the most protein and most Hypoalbuminaemia = of decreased osmotic pressure

Explanation

Question 20 of 22

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Ishaemia

Define: ❌ ❌

Consequences: ❌, ❌, ❌

Causes: ❌, ❌, ❌, C❌, ❌

E.g.: ❌, ❌, ❌

Effects of Congestion

Gradual onset - ❌ ❌
Chronic congestion - ❌ = ❌
e.g ❌, ❌, ❌

Ischaemia - ❌ ❌
Infarction - ❌ ❌
Hypoxia - ❌ ❌

Acute infarct -

Colour:

Shape:

Sub-acute infarct - tissue

What happens:
out of area
decreases
Area becomes
Line of

Chronic infarct - to fibrosis

Fibrosis -

Thrombus - ❌ within the ❌ ❌
Thrombosis - ❌
Embolus - ❌ stream
Embolism - ❌ a vessel

Three Components of Virchow's Triad
1.
2.
3. /

Different types of embolus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Diapedesis - ❌ ❌ ❌
Haematoma - ❌, ❌
Petechiae - ❌
Ecchymoses - ❌
Bruising - ❌

Haemorrhage Compensatory Mechanisms
1.
2.
3.

Classifications of Shock
1. shock
2. () shock
3. shock

Oedema - ❌
Anasarca - ❌
Ascites - ❌
Hydropericardium - ❌
Hydrothorax - ❌

Starling's Equilibrium

Filtration Pressure = in plasma and tissues - in plasma and tissues

Movement of between and compartments depends on the balance between and

Increased hydrostatic pressure

Results from:
within vessels which overcomes the of leading to a net increase in that is not matched by or by

Decreased plasma oncotic (osmotic) pressure

A reduction in
is the most protein and most
Hypoalbuminaemia = of decreased osmotic pressure

Lymphatic Blockage

Seen if there is an of a regional node OR
if

Increased vascular permeability

Most commonly results from
Increase in vascular permeability by between
Causes an increase in the loss of , and

Examples of Oedema

Pulmonary oedema
rise in causes into the of the lung

Cerebral oedema
Oedema of the