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Brief notes on topic 2 - motion and forces for edexcel physics higher tier students

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GCSE Edexcel Physics - Motion and ForcesA scalar has a magnitude but no directionA vector has a magnitude and a directionVelocity is speed in a stated directionSpeed = distance / timeOn a distance time graph, the gradient is the speedAcceleration = change in velocity / timeOn a velocity time graph, the gradient is accelerationOn a velocity time graph, the area under the graph is the distanceAcceleration in free fall is 10ms^-2 due to gravityNewtons first law - where the resultant force is 0, the object will remain stationary / at a constant velocityNewton's second law - Force = mass xaccelerationWeight = mass x gravityWeight can be measured using a newton meterThe higher the weight of a body, the higher it's gravitational field strengthAn object moving in a circular motion has a constant speed but a changing velocity as it changes directionFor circular motion there must be a centripetal force towards the centre of the circleWalking - 1.4m/sRunning - 3m/sCycling - 5.5 m/sCars (built up) - 13m/sCars (motorway) -31m/sPlanes - 250m/sTrains - 55m/sWind - 5-20m/sSound in air - 340m/sFerries - 15m/sWeight is the force acting on an object due to gravity1) Record the mass of the trolley, unit masses and hanging hook2) Mark a line on the ramp before the first light gate so thetrolley moves the same distance3) Attach the trolley to the hanging mass and let go of it at thestart line4) Each light gate records the time that the trolley passesthrough and the speed of it at that time5) Acceleration can be calculated by using the initial speed (1stgate), final speed (last gate) and the time taken to movebetween themDouble click this nodeto edit the textClick and drag this buttonto create a new node