Mer Scott
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PHCY310 Quiz on L39 Insulins for optimal therapy, created by Mer Scott on 19/05/2019.

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L39 Insulins for optimal therapy

Question 1 of 12

1

The goal of all insulin treatment is to mimic the healthy pancreas’ way of secreting insulin to the blood stream.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 2 of 12

1

Which of these is not a limitation of regular human insulin?

Select one of the following:

  • Slower onset of activity that requires injections to be given 30 to 45 minutes before meals

  • Patient inconvenience

  • Safety concerns if the meal is not eaten when scheduled

  • Difficult to culture and produce

Explanation

Question 3 of 12

1

Insulins are first injected as hexamers, but become dimers and monomers which can enter the blood.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 4 of 12

1

Insulins are categorized first by length of action.
1. Rapid-Fast acting Insulin: begins to work approximately min after injection, peaks in about 1 hour, and continues to work for 2 to 4 hour.
This is usually taken directly prior to a and in addition to a -acting insulin.
2. Short-Regular acting Insulin: reaches the bloodstream min to an hour after injection, peaks anywhere from 2 to 3 hours after Injection, and is effective for approximately 6-8 hours.
It is usually given before a meal and in addition to a long-acting
insulin.
3. Intermediate acting Insulin: generally reaches the bloodstream about hours after injection, peaks 4 to 8 hours later and is effective for about 12 to 18 hours.
It is usually taken a day and in addition to a acting insulin.
4. Long acting Insulin: starts working several hours after injection and works for approximately hours.
If necessary, it is often used in combination with rapid- or short acting insulin.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    15
    meal
    long
    30
    2 to 4
    twice
    rapid- or short
    24

Explanation

Question 5 of 12

1

Choose the incorrect statement.

Select one of the following:

  • Being in a hot environment or having a temperature will increase the speed of insulin absorption.

  • An abdominal injection will be absorbed slower than a thigh injection if both are subcut.

  • The absorption from the buttocks is slower that the abdomen, but faster than the thigh, if all are subcut.

  • Massage of the injection site will increase the speed of insulin absorption.

  • A thicker layer of subcutaneous fat gives a slower absorption of insulin.

Explanation

Question 6 of 12

1

Rapid insulins are lispro, aspart, and glulisine.
• Lispro - a human analogue which works quickly than soluble human insulin because the insulin molecule has been changed slightly. Through DNA technology, the final lysine and proline residues on the C-terminal end of the -chain are reversed. This modification does not alter receptor binding, but blocks the re-formation of insulin . It is sold under the brand name .
• Aspart - a human analogue which also works than soluble human insulin because of a substitution which reduces the tendency of the
insulin to form . Sold under the brand name .

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    more
    recombinant
    B
    dimer and hexamers
    Humalog
    faster
    hexamers
    Novolog

Explanation

Question 7 of 12

1

Which of these is not a short acting regular human insulin brand?

Select one of the following:

  • Actrapid

  • Humulin R

  • Actshort

Explanation

Question 8 of 12

1

Humulin N and Novolin N are the most common brands of NPH insulin, which is intermediate acting.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 9 of 12

1

The delayed release of insulin from protamine complexes causes NPH insulin to last longer than soluble human insulin.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 10 of 12

1

Insulin glargine, marketed under the brand name , is a human insulin analogue. After injection, micro- slowly release insulin for about 24
hours. It uses pH reactions to form micro-precipitates under the skin,
which create the time-release action.
Insulin glargine differs from human insulin by replacing asparagine with
in position 21 of the -chain, and by carboxy-terminal extension of
-chain by 2 residues. The arginine amino acids shift the isoelectric point from a pH of 5.4 to 6.7, making the molecule more soluble at an pH and less soluble at pH.
This allows for the subcutaneous injection of a solution with dissolution and absorption for at least 24 hours.

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    Lantus
    crystals
    glycine
    A
    B
    arginine
    acidic
    physiological
    clear
    peakless

Explanation

Question 11 of 12

1

Pre-mix insulin analogues mimic physiological insulin secretion.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 12 of 12

1

Pre-mix insulin analogues are a mixture of short or fast acting insulin and long acting insulins.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation