Catriona Wilds
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Quiz on Memory & Learning, created by Catriona Wilds on 28/02/2019.

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Catriona Wilds
Created by Catriona Wilds almost 6 years ago
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Memory & Learning

Memory & Learning

Question 1 of 15

1

According to Hebb's rule...

Select one of the following:

  • Classical conditioning is a good model for memory and forgetfulness

  • Associative learning is related to the increased response in the post-synaptic neuron after a few high frequency pre-synaptic stimuli

  • Instrumental conditioning can be explained by the balance between different synaptic connections

  • A weak synapse will be strengthened if its activation occurs at the same time that the postsynaptic neuron fires

Explanation

Question 2 of 15

1

The preforant pathway of the entorhinal cortex...

Select one of the following:

  • Interconnects the CA1 and CA3 fields within the hippocampus

  • Is another name for the fornix

  • Interconnects the granule cells ofthe dentate gyrus with the amygdala

  • Leads to the dentate gyrus within the hippocampal formation

Explanation

Question 3 of 15

1

Receptors for which of the following neurotransmitters are usually involved in long-term potentiation?

Select one of the following:

  • Serotonin

  • Dopamine

  • Glutamate

  • GABA

Explanation

Question 4 of 15

1

What normally prevents the calcium channel of the NMDA receptor from opening in response to glutamate only?

Select one of the following:

  • The channel is blocked by magnesium ions

  • The channel is blocked by sodium ions

  • Glutamate requires the presence of GABA in order to open the channel

  • Glutamate requires the presence of glycine in order to open the channel

Explanation

Question 5 of 15

1

The induction of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus would be blocked by...

Select one of the following:

  • A drug such as AP5 that blocks NMDA receptors

  • Using high-frequency pulses

  • A drug that activates NMDA receptors

  • Injection into the postsynaptic cell of a drug that activates calcium ions

Explanation

Question 6 of 15

1

Which of the following is true of long-term depression (LTD)?

Select one of the following:

  • LTD can be produced by high-frequency stimulation of CA1 neurons

  • LTD reflects a gradual strengthening of synaptic connections

  • LTD is associated with a decrease in the number of AMPA receptors in the postsynaptic neuron

  • LTD is associated with an increase in the number of AMPA receptors in the postsynaptic neuron

Explanation

Question 7 of 15

1

The primary function of perceptual learning is to...

Select one of the following:

  • Identify and categorise objects

  • Make an association between two stimuli

  • Learn to adjust behaviour according to its consequences

  • Exhibit a specific system to detect accurately the location of a stimulus

Explanation

Question 8 of 15

1

In a conditioned emotional response study, a tone is paired with an electric shock to your hand. After several trials, the tone alone becomes a conditioned stimulus that can elicit fear in you. Which of the following is true of the anatomy of this fear response?

Select one of the following:

  • Damage to the amygdala facilitates emotional responding

  • Damage to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala impairs the learning of conditioned associations

  • Damage to the visual association cortex would prevent the learning of the conditioned associations in this instance

  • Damage to the lateral nucleus of the pre-frontal cortex impairs the learning of conditioned associations

Explanation

Question 9 of 15

1

Which of the following is NOT true of instrumental (operant) conditioning?

Select one of the following:

  • It involves a simple association between two stimuli

  • It involves learning the relationship between a response to a stimulus and a reward

  • It permits an organism to adjust its behaviour according to the consequences of that behaviour

  • Either punishment or reward can reinforce it

Explanation

Question 10 of 15

1

An instrumental (operatn) response that produces a favourable consequence...

Select one of the following:

  • Will be immediately suppressed

  • Will occur more frequently

  • Weakens adjacent circuits in the brain

  • Is an important component of perceptual learning

Explanation

Question 11 of 15

1

Damage to which of the following structures would be expected to impair instrumental (operant) conditioning?

Select one of the following:

  • Amygdala

  • Hypothalamus

  • Basal ganglia

  • Frontal cortex

Explanation

Question 12 of 15

1

An example of a natural reinforcer is...

Select one of the following:

  • Cocaine

  • Amphetamine

  • Dopamine

  • Food for a hungry person

Explanation

Question 13 of 15

1

Which of the following is important for the acquisition of complex behaviours?

Select one of the following:

  • The behaviour must result in long-term depression of the basal ganglia

  • As the person becomes more proficient in the new behaviour, the transcortical circuits become more active

  • As a person becomes more proficient in the behaviour, the control of the process is transferred to the basal ganglia

  • As a person becomes more proficient in the behaviour, the control of the process is transferred to the transcortical pathways

Explanation

Question 14 of 15

1

A person with amnesia due to Korsakoff's syndrome is most likely to have severe damage in the...

Select one of the following:

  • Hippocampus

  • Fornix

  • Mammillary bodies

  • Cingulate gyrus

Explanation

Question 15 of 15

1

One striking aspect of patient H.M.'s deficit was that he...

Select one of the following:

  • Could learn some new tasks but was unaware of having learned them

  • Reversed word order in repeated sentences

  • Indicated that he remembered things he had never seen

  • Only remembered recent facts

Explanation

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