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Clinical Pathology (401-500) MCQs- Year 4 PMU

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Clinical Pathology (401-500) MCQs- Year 4 PMU

Question 1 of 100

1

Mark the correct statements about papillary cystadenoma of the ovary

Select one or more of the following:

  • malignant tumor

  • has cyst-like and papillary structures

  • histological characteristics include serous and mucinous types

  • it is a physiological change related to menstrual cycle

Explanation

Question 2 of 100

1

‘Linitis plastica’ is a gross subtype of

Select one or more of the following:

  • gastric cancer

  • pancreatic cancer

  • breast cancer

  • uterine cancer

Explanation

Question 3 of 100

1

Grossly adenocarcinoma of the colon can be

Select one or more of the following:

  • polypoid

  • ulcerous

  • nodular

  • all of the listed above

Explanation

Question 4 of 100

1

The terms “early cancer” and “advanced cancer” are used for

Select one or more of the following:

  • gastric adenocarcinoma

  • adenocarcinoma of the endometrium

  • adenocarcinoma of the colon

  • breast cancer

Explanation

Question 5 of 100

1

What kind of sarcoma could be seen in an immune deficiency?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Kaposi sarcoma

  • Ewing sarcoma

  • Rhabdomyosarcoma

  • Chondrosarcoma

Explanation

Question 6 of 100

1

Which of the following sarcomas have the worst prognosis?

Select one or more of the following:

  • liposarcoma

  • ostesarcoma

  • fibrosarcoma

  • leiomysarcoma

Explanation

Question 7 of 100

1

What staining can be used to distinguish leiomyoma uteri from fibroma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Congo red

  • Perls

  • PAS reaction with PAS control

  • Van Gieson

Explanation

Question 8 of 100

1

Point the characteristics of the leiomyosarcoma

Select one or more of the following:

  • polymorphism of cells and nuclei

  • hyper- and polychromasia of nuclei

  • typical mytoses

  • monster cells

Explanation

Question 9 of 100

1

What is hybernoma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • benign tumor of vascular origin

  • benign tumor originating from brown fat tissue

  • benign tumor originating from striated muscles

  • malignant tumor originating from pigment tissue

Explanation

Question 10 of 100

1

What are the signs of the atypia in a nevus?

Select one or more of the following:

  • asymmetry of the lesion, irregular borders

  • dark color, irregular color of the lesion

  • diameter less than 5mm

  • regular borders

Explanation

Question 11 of 100

1

How should a biopsy be done if there’ is a suspicion for the melanoma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • incision biopsy

  • punch biopsy

  • excision biopsy

  • brush biopsy

Explanation

Question 12 of 100

1

Point the most common localizations of the teratomas

Select one or more of the following:

  • ovaries, testis

  • extremities

  • retroperitoneum

  • mediastinum

Explanation

Question 13 of 100

1

Which of the following are organoid teratomas

Select one or more of the following:

  • nephroblastoma

  • cholesteatoma

  • dermoid cyst

  • branchiogenic cyst

Explanation

Question 14 of 100

1

Which of the following is organismoid teratoma

Select one or more of the following:

  • epidermoid cyst

  • teratocarcinoma

  • dermoid cyst

  • nefroblastoma

Explanation

Question 15 of 100

1

What is a nevus pigmentosus?

Select one or more of the following:

  • tumor-like process

  • tumor process

  • microscopically it contains mature melanocytes

  • microscopically it contains cells with signs of severe atypia and some of them contain melanin

Explanation

Question 16 of 100

1

What is a melanoma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • malignant congenital tumor

  • benign tumor composed of melanocytes

  • malignant tumor of pigment origin

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 17 of 100

1

What is an achromatic melanoma?

Select one or more of the following:

  • benign form of melanoma

  • melanoma without melanin in the tumor cells

  • type of melanoma which can be proved with immunohistochemical tests

  • melanoma which is more differentiated

Explanation

Question 18 of 100

1

Point possible localizations of the nevus pigmentosus and melanoma

Select one or more of the following:

  • skin

  • uvea

  • meninges

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 19 of 100

1

Lentigo maligna, nodular, superficial, acral lentigenous are gross forms of

Select one or more of the following:

  • melanoma

  • squamous cell carcinoma of the skin

  • basal cell carcinoma of the skin

  • nevus pigmentosus

Explanation

Question 20 of 100

1

Indicate immunohistochemical stains to prove melanoma

Select one or more of the following:

  • HMB-45

  • Ca-125

  • S-100

  • Cytokeratin

Explanation

Question 21 of 100

1

Which of the following tumors do not have a stroma

Select one or more of the following:

  • choriocarcinoma

  • seminoma

  • nephroblastoma

  • neuroblastoma

Explanation

Question 22 of 100

1

Indicate types of nevus pigmentosus

Select one or more of the following:

  • acquired and congenital

  • junctional, compound, intradermal

  • benign and malignant nevus

  • ectodermal and endodermal nevus

Explanation

Question 23 of 100

1

Squamous cell carcinoma occurs most frequently in

Select one or more of the following:

  • stomach

  • skin

  • bladder

  • larynx

Explanation

Question 24 of 100

1

The term ,,pathognomonic change” means

Select one or more of the following:

  • unexplained change

  • paradoxical change

  • sufficient to identify the diagnosis/lesion

  • diffuse inflammatory change

Explanation

Question 25 of 100

1

Which types of bleeding occur in the digestive system?

Select one or more of the following:

  • hemothorax

  • hemoptysis

  • melena

  • hematemesis

Explanation

Question 26 of 100

1

Left ventricular hypertrophy can develop in

Select one or more of the following:

  • cor pulmonale

  • systemic hypertension

  • mitral stenosis

  • aortic stenosis

Explanation

Question 27 of 100

1

Cancer cells which show no resemblance to the tissue from which the tumor originates are called

Select one or more of the following:

  • undifferentiated carcinoma

  • well-differentiated carcinoma

  • scirrhous type carcinoma

  • histioid cancer

Explanation

Question 28 of 100

1

Which of the following is correct for the mechanical jaundice?

Select one or more of the following:

  • indirect bilirubin prevails in blood

  • elevated urine urobilinogen

  • elevated urine bilirubin

  • stools are hyperpigmented

Explanation

Question 29 of 100

1

Basal cell carcinoma ts localized most frequently on

Select one or more of the following:

  • the skin of the forearm

  • the skin of the lower limbs

  • the skin on the palms

  • skin of the face

Explanation

Question 30 of 100

1

Bilaterally, on the skin of the eyelids of a young woman are seen yellow nodules with the size of a grain of rice. What is it?

Select one or more of the following:

  • xanthelasmas

  • nevus

  • efelides

  • hemosiderin deposition

Explanation

Question 31 of 100

1

How do we call the local depigmentation of the skin?

Select one or more of the following:

  • vitiligo

  • hemosiderosis

  • albinism

  • ohronosis

Explanation

Question 32 of 100

1

Which of the following is correct for the mechanical jaundice

Select one or more of the following:

  • it is parenchymal jaundice

  • there is posthepatic occlusion

  • direct bilirubin Is increased

  • it is also called hemolytic jaundice

Explanation

Question 33 of 100

1

"Mutilation” means

Select one or more of the following:

  • form of biological mutation

  • pendulum movement of the blood

  • zonal hair loss

  • self amputation of phalanges

Explanation

Question 34 of 100

1

In the bronchi and nasal cavity may develop squamous cell carcinoma based on

Select one or more of the following:

  • hypoplasia

  • histological accommodation

  • anaplasia

  • metaplasia

Explanation

Question 35 of 100

1

State which of the following is a macroscopic characteristic of adenocarcinoma

Select one or more of the following:

  • like a "bowl"

  • like a "cauliflower"

  • round non-healing ulcers on the face

  • very dense knot in the face

Explanation

Question 36 of 100

1

The most common localization of lymphangioma is

Select one or more of the following:

  • in sella turcica

  • the face

  • on the phalanges of the toes

  • lips, tongue

Explanation

Question 37 of 100

1

Presence of the lymphocytes and plasma cells in the stroma of tumors is called

Select one or more of the following:

  • reactive inflammation

  • morphological anaplasia

  • stromal reaction

  • sinus histiocytosis

Explanation

Question 38 of 100

1

Carcinoids are

Select one or more of the following:

  • tumor-like process

  • benign tumors

  • malignant tumors

  • hyperplastic process

Explanation

Question 39 of 100

1

How does carcinoma in situ metastasize?

Select one or more of the following:

  • by the lymph flow

  • perineural

  • by the blood flow

  • does not metastasize

Explanation

Question 40 of 100

1

The most frequent localization of neurinoma in the skull is

Select one or more of the following:

  • ponto-cerebellar angle

  • falx cerebri

  • tentorium cerebelli

  • cerebellum

Explanation

Question 41 of 100

1

Signet-ring cells are seen in

Select one or more of the following:

  • in obesity

  • vacuolar degeneration of tubular epithelium in kidney

  • liver steatosis

  • adenocarcinoma accumulating mucus in tumor cells

Explanation

Question 42 of 100

1

Squamous cell carcinoma may develop from

Select one or more of the following:

  • mouth mucosa

  • lining of the bronchi

  • lining of the vaginal part of cervix

  • epithelium of gastric mucosa

Explanation

Question 43 of 100

1

Dermoid cyst is

Select one or more of the following:

  • mature teratoma, which occurs most frequently in the ovary

  • benign tumor of cells of the soft meninges

  • pigmental tumor

  • benign tumor associated with pregnancy

Explanation

Question 44 of 100

1

ULCUS RODENS (rodent ulcer) is a metaphor for macroscopca finding in

Select one or more of the following:

  • adenocarcinoma of the stomach

  • luetic ulcer

  • rodent bites

  • basal cell carcinoma

Explanation

Question 45 of 100

1

The following microscopic description indicates: H-E staining: The lesion consists of nests of normal melanocytes that accumulate different quantity of brown-black pigment. These cells can be found in papillary or reticular derma.of the skin

Select one or more of the following:

  • naevus pigmentosus

  • melanoma malignum

  • skin oedema

  • basal cell carcinoma

Explanation

Question 46 of 100

1

The following clinical features: left-sided heart failure, dyspnoe (shortness of breath), frequent cough with rusty colour expectoration, can be seen in

Select one or more of the following:

  • brown induration of the lungs/hemosiderosis of lungs

  • heart tamponade

  • 1st degree AV-block

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 47 of 100

1

Which heart disease can be described with the following microscopic picture: The cuspid valve when stained with H-E shows loose area - clear and unstained spaces between fibrous structures representing interstitional mucoid oedema)swelling. Fibroblasts are seen around this clear zone and in the periphery of the cuspid valve (sign of fibrosis). The valve contains many newly formed capillaries (the process is called vascularization)

Select one of the following:

  • acute endocarditis

  • subacute endocarditis

  • age-related degeneration of the valve

  • rheumatism

Explanation

Question 48 of 100

1

Which answer is correct for the following microscopic description: H-E staining: The liver columns are atrophic, the sinusoids look dilated. The hepatocytes are smaller in size and contain brown-golden pigment granules with perinuclear localization

Select one of the following:

  • nutmeg liver

  • cyanosis hepatis

  • acute hepatitis

  • atrophy of the liver

Explanation

Question 49 of 100

1

The following microscopic description is indicative for: H-E staining: Alveolar spaces are filled with precipitaded homogenous pink fluid. Alveolar septi and capillaries are dilated and filled with erythrocytes. Airy bubbles can be found in the alveolar cavities and in the lumens of bronchi

Select one of the following:

  • hemorrhagic infarction of the lung

  • hemosiderosis pulmonis

  • pulmofibrosis

  • lung edema

Explanation

Question 50 of 100

1

“After Y-shaped opening of the pericardium, the pulmonary artery is cut on 2cm after its beginning. Tweezers are inserted in the vessel and its content is taken out, which looks dry and crumble”.

Select one of the following:

  • massive thromboembolism in the trunk of a. pulmonalis (saddle embolus)

  • air embolism

  • amniotic embolism

  • heart tamponade

Explanation

Question 51 of 100

1

Indicate the cause of death according to the described test:
“After Y-shaped opeing, the pericardial sac is filled with water. After puncture of the right heart ventricle with a sharp knife are seen air bubbles”.

Select one of the following:

  • massive thromboembolism in the trunk of a. pulmonalis (saddle embolus)

  • air embolism

  • amniotic embolism

  • heart tamponade

Explanation

Question 52 of 100

1

The following microscopic description of the kidney is indicative for: H-E staining: On low magnification is seen pinkish area with no nuclei or picnotic nuclei and the cytoplasms of the necrotic cells is granular and eosinophillic. Kidney structures look like shadows. This pinkish area is surrounded by blue rim, of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes and leucocyts) and thin band of erythrocytes (the so called hyperemic-hemorrhagic area).

Select one of the following:

  • acute pyelonephritis

  • anemic infarction of the kidney

  • amyloidosis of the kidney

  • chronic pyelonephritis

Explanation

Question 53 of 100

1

The following microscopic description of the lung indicates for: On H-E staining: Necropsy material taken 24 hours after death. The alveoli are filled with agglutinated and hemolized erythrocytes, the alveolar walls are necrotic. The preserved alveoli are filled with edematous fluid and hemosiderophages. The latest changes are a sign for chronic venous congestion.

Select one of the following:

  • hemorrhagic infarction of the lung and hemosiderosis

  • pneumonia and hemosiderosis

  • small cell cancer and hemosiderosis

  • pneumonia and lung edema

Explanation

Question 54 of 100

1

What is the organ diagnosis if during autopsy are seen the following changes: Complicated atherosclerotic plaques of the aorta and renal arteries with ulceration and thrombosis, small in size right kidney showing depressed area in its middle part, which is 3x4cm in size, with pale color, firm texture and triangular shape.

Select one of the following:

  • chronic pyelonephritis

  • anemic infarction of the kidney

  • chronic glomerulonephritis

  • abscess of the kidney

Explanation

Question 55 of 100

1

The following microscopic description of the heart is indicative for: H-E staining: Among the myocardium are found cavities filled with purulent exudate. In the centre of some of them are seen groups of microorganisms, stained in dark blue. The adjacent cardiomyocytes are with dystrophic changes, multitude neutrophiles are seen in the interstitium

Select one of the following:

  • acute purulent pericarditis

  • acute absceding myocarditis

  • acute viral myocarditis

  • rheumatic myocarditis

Explanation

Question 56 of 100

1

What is the described disease in the liver? H-E staining “Description of the wall of a cyst. Pink slender membrane is pathognomonic for the disease. It represents tick, multilayered acellular band which looks like “cigarette smoke”. There is a fibrous capsule between the membrane and the normal liver tissue, compoused of collagen connective tissue. Single bile ducts and chronic inflammatory cells are included among the collagen fibres."

Select one of the following:

  • actinomycosis

  • amebiasis

  • chronic abscess

  • echinococcus

Explanation

Question 57 of 100

1

Indicate the correct answer for the following description: “Tumor-like process located on the gingiva. Histologically, under the stratified squamous gingival epithelium are found fibroblast-like cells and giant cells looking like osteoclasts, located in optically empty spaces. Light stripe of connective tissue separates the epithelium and the tumor-like process.

Select one of the following:

  • fibroma

  • giant cell epulis

  • adamantinoma

  • cementoma

Explanation

Question 58 of 100

1

Indicate the diagnosis according to the following microscopic description: H-E staining: The thyroid gland is lavishly infiltrated by the lymphocytes and plasma cells. Plenty of lymph follicles are also formed, they are with the wide light centres. The lymphoid infiltration disrupts the lymph follicles; in the preserved ones the colloid is scanty or missing. High cubic eosinophilic cells of Hurtle type can be seen.

Select one of the following:

  • Goiter

  • Riddle thyroiditis

  • Lymphoma in the thyroid gland

  • Hashimoto thyroiditis

Explanation

Question 59 of 100

1

Suggest the correct answer according to the following microscopic description. H-E staining:
The tumor is composed of branches and nests of basal type cells - spindle, with scantycytoplasm and moderate atypia of nuclei. Mitoses are rarely seen. In the solid nests tumor cells have palisade peripheral arrangement The stromal reaction is presented by lymphocytes and plasma cells. The tumor nests infiltrate the deep dermal layers.

Select one of the following:

  • basal cell papilloma of the skin

  • squamous cell carcinoma of the skin

  • pigmented nevus

  • basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Explanation

Question 60 of 100

1

Suggest the correct diagnosis according to the following microscopic description. H-E staining:
Unencapsulated intradermal tumor which is poorly distinguished from the adjacent tissue and covered by the atrophic epidermis. The tumor is composed of the capillary vessels with erythrocytes in their lumena.

Select one of the following:

  • cavernous hemangioma of the skin

  • capillary lymphangioma of the skin

  • capillary hemangioma of the skin

  • hygroma of the skin

Explanation

Question 61 of 100

1

Suggest the diagnosis according to the following microscopic description. H-E staining:
Unencapsulated liver tumor which is well distinguished from the adjacent tissues. It is composed of the large vascular spaces resembling similar vascular structures in the penis. Erythrocytes and hemolyzed blood are seen in the lumina of these large vessels. The walls of these structures represent fibrous Septi covered with one or two lines of endothelial cells.

Select one or more of the following:

  • cavernous hemangioma

  • capillary hemangioma

  • angiosarcoma

  • lymphangioma

Explanation

Question 62 of 100

1

Suggest the diagnosis according to the following microscopic description: H-E staining:
Unencapsulated uterine tumor which Is composed of the spindle cells arranged in bundles. These bundles cross in different directions. Slight tissue atypia is seen, presented by chaotic bundles of spindle cells

Select one of the following:

  • leiomyosarcoma uteri

  • leiomyoma uteri

  • endometrial carcinoma

  • endometrial sarcoma

Explanation

Question 63 of 100

1

Suggest the diagnosis according to the microscopic description. H-E staining: The tumor is composed of highly differentiated tissue elements from the three germinal cell layers mesodermal layer (connective tissue, collagen fibres, fatty tissue, cartilage and others), endodermal layer (glands) and ectodermal layer (skin, columnar epithelium, stratified squamous epithelium, brain substance). They create a variety of the morphological picture. There isn’t any sign of cell atypia. Cystic changes are often seen.

Select one of the following:

  • teratocarcinoma

  • mature teratoma

  • dermoid cyst

  • pleomorphic adenoma

Explanation

Question 64 of 100

1

A resident in surgery is looking for a consultation with regard to a breast nodule in a young woman: can a morphological examination be done prior to surgery? How the specimen should be taken and in what fixative? Which are the other options for a routine examination? What addition morphological methods can be involved?

Select one of the following:

  • complete excision if the tumor is small in size and frozen section during surgery

  • incision biopsy if the tumor is bigger in size followed by frozen section during surgery

  • thin-needle biopsy followed by cytology examination

  • all of the listed above

Explanation

Question 65 of 100

1

52-year old woman with medical history of tonsillitis, developed heart valve defect. She complained of cough, sometimes with rusty expectoration and difficulties in breathing when she is lying in bed. Auscultation revealed small moist noises in both lung bases. What is the cause for all these complains and clinical findings?

Select one of the following:

  • mitral valve stenosis

  • tricuspidal valve stenosis

  • aortic valve stenosis

  • aortic valve insufficiency

Explanation

Question 66 of 100

1

Body of a man with total cachexia is sent for an autopsy. The skin is dark-bronze. The two suprarenal glands are entirely ruined by tuberculosis. Which is the disease?

Select one of the following:

  • Cohn’s disease

  • Addison’s disease

  • Cushing’s syndrome

  • Waterhouse-Fridricksen’s syndrome

Explanation

Question 67 of 100

1

Nodule measuring 2 cm from the parotid gland of a 32 year old male patient was sent are histological examination. Histological result showed jelly-like and at some areas chondroid substance which surrounds glandular structures and strands of flat cylindrical and spindle cells.
Suggest the diagnosis.

Select one of the following:

  • adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland

  • acute syalodenitis

  • pleomorphic adenoma

  • mucinous carcinoma

Explanation

Question 68 of 100

1

A tumor from the left forearm in a 39-year old woman was resected. Grossly it is well circumscribed, with a diameter of 3 cm. On histology: tumor cells are spindle-shaped, grouped in bundles, nuclei form palisade structures.
Set the diagnosis

Select one of the following:

  • fibroma

  • leiomyoma

  • myxoma

  • neurinoma

Explanation

Question 69 of 100

1

An autopsy of a 60-years all man revealed a thickened and soft wall of the stomach with indistinct layers. Cut surface showed presence of the dirty grayish -green pus-like material. What disease is this:

Select one of the following:

  • chronic gastritis

  • phlegmonous gastritis

  • acute gastric ulcer

  • chronic gastric ulcer

Explanation

Question 70 of 100

1

At an autopsy in the temporal lobe of the brain a cyst with a diameter of 2 cm, with smooth walls and clear pale yellow liquid was found.
What can it be:

Select one of the following:

  • abscess of the brain

  • pseudocyst of the brain

  • tumor

  • encephalitis

Explanation

Question 71 of 100

1

A man of 68 years is complaining of severe pain in the muscles of the legs occurring when walking fast, which disappears after a short rest. Indicate the correct diagnosis

Select one of the following:

  • Varicose veins in the lower extremities

  • Intermittent claudication

  • Polio-encephalitis

  • Popliteal vein thrombosis

Explanation

Question 72 of 100

1

During an opera performance a singer suddenly lost consciousness and after a few hours died with the signs of hemorrhagic shock without clear source of bleeding. At the autopsy are found 2.5 L. blood in the abdomen from subcapsular rupture of an unencapsulated tumor formation in the liver, with spongy structure, cherry -red color and size - 15 x 15cm. Which are the causes of death?

Select one or more of the following:

  • ruptured cavernous hemangioma of the liver

  • mesenteric thrombosis and paralytic ileus

  • diffuse peritonitis due to hemorrhage

  • hemorrhagic ‘shock due to blood loss

Explanation

Question 73 of 100

1

The left hemisphere of brain demonstrates a well circumscribed tumor with a diameter of 3cm, greyish- brown color and a thick consistency, attached to the dura mater. The underlying brain tissue shows a compression pit. Point the most likely macroscopic diagnosis

Select one of the following:

  • meningioma

  • astrocytoma

  • neurinoma

  • medulloblastoma

Explanation

Question 74 of 100

1

On the plantar surface of a 35 year old woman there is a bluish-black tumor with lobulated uneven surface covered with bloody crusts. Histology shows epithelioid cells with different shapes and sizes with pigment granules in the cytoplasm. Infiltrative growth in respect to dermis and epidermis is present. Give a diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • nevus pigmentosus

  • efelides

  • melanoma malignum

  • basal cell carcinoma

Explanation

Question 75 of 100

1

At an autopsy in the upper area of the right lung are detected changes including two foci with stone-hard density. The cut-surface is whitish and is grinding like sand. How to explain the presence of these calcium salts?

Select one of the following:

  • calcium gout

  • deposits of uric acid crystals

  • degenerative calcification in old tuberculosis focus

  • metastatic calcification

Explanation

Question 76 of 100

1

68 year-old man complains of a face ulcer with thick edges and black base covered with brownish crusts. Histologically nests of round cells that form peripheral palisade structures are seen. Which is the correct diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • basal cell carcinoma

  • squamous cell carcinoma

  • malignant melanoma

  • nevus pigmentosus

Explanation

Question 77 of 100

1

A man of 62, smoker with obesity, treated in a dermatological clinic due to skin problems, dies suddenly after a severe chest pain. Clinicians set as the final diagnosis the skin disease for which he has been admitted to the hospital. At the autopsy a 3.5 cm clay-like area with irregular shape in the anterior wall of the left ventricle was seen. The descending left coronary artery was almost entirely occluded by atherosclerosis. What is the correct diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • rupture of the heart

  • myocardial infarction

  • acute heart failure

  • cerebral infarction

Explanation

Question 78 of 100

1

The autopsy of a 43 years old man reveals brain meninges covered by the thick yellowish exudate. Meningeal vessels are hyperemic, brain tissue is edematous. What is your diagnosis?

Select one of the following:

  • acute encephalitis

  • polio-encephalitis

  • cerebellar herniation

  • acute purulent meningitis

Explanation

Question 79 of 100

1

A 35 year old man felt his right parotid gland enlarged, with a nodule 2 cm in diameter, well demarcated and dense. Histology shows jelly-like structures and immature cartilage them glandular structures and strands of cubic, cylindrical cells and ducts. Specify the diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland

  • adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland

  • myxoma of parotid gland

  • chondroma of parotid gland

Explanation

Question 80 of 100

1

During the autopsy in the temporal lobe of the brain is found a cyst 2cm in diameter, with smooth walls filled with a clear pale yellow liquid. Indicate what it is:

Select one of the following:

  • brain abscess

  • pseudocyst of the brain

  • tumor

  • encephalitis

Explanation

Question 81 of 100

1

At autopsy, in the abdominal cavity and on appendices epiploice, many “chalky” white spots are Clearly seen. The finding is the same in the pancreas. Point the diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • steatonecrosis in acute pancreatitis

  • fibrino-purulent peritonitis

  • scarcinomatosis of peritoneum

  • serous peritonitis

Explanation

Question 82 of 100

1

28 year old woman a year ago felt a ‘knot’ in the breast 2 centimeters in diameter, well demarcated, painless, mobile, thick. Histology shows concentric connective tissue around the ducts of the breast without compressing and distortion of the ducts.
Specify the exact histologic diagnosis:

Select one of the following:

  • adenocarcinoma

  • pericanalicular fibroadenoma

  • intracanalicular fibroadenoma

  • scirrous cancer

Explanation

Question 83 of 100

1

Bilateral on the skin of the eyelids are seen bulging above the level of the skin nodules yellow color with the size of rice grains. What is it?

Select one of the following:

  • deposition of hemosiderin

  • common mole

  • nevus

  • xantelasmas

Explanation

Question 84 of 100

1

The autopsy of a deceased patient shows swollen and very soft meninges of the temporal area with greyish-green color. Microscopic examination reveals that the meninges are rich of leukocytes. What illness is concerned

Select one of the following:

  • purulent meningitis

  • brain abscess

  • tuberculous meningitis

  • encephalitis

Explanation

Question 85 of 100

1

39 year old female underwent surgery to remove a tumor from her left forearm. The tumor is 3cm in diameter, well demarcated and dense. Histology shows fusiform (spindle) cells which are grouped in bundles, with nuclej arranged in palisades (‘fence wall’ pattern). Set the diagnosis

Select one of the following:

  • fibroma

  • mixoma

  • leiomyoma

  • neurinoma

Explanation

Question 86 of 100

1

At autopsy in the frontal lobe of the brain is found well visible and demarcated area with 3 cm in diameter, with gray-green color, well circumscribed from the surrounding tissue, filled with decaying substance. What illness is described?

Select one of the following:

  • purulent meningitis

  • encephalitis

  • chronic abscess

  • tuberculous meningitis

Explanation

Question 87 of 100

1

Autopsy of a patient suffering from elevation of blood pressure, episodic diarrhea with abdominal pain, flushing, cyanosis, pulmonary stenosis with insufficiency, shows a thickened nodal end of the appendix the size of 2 cm, dense, with a characteristic yellowish color in the submucosa. Histologically the tumor is composed of rounded to polygonal cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The granules do not reduce silver salts. Tumor stroma is hyalinized. Give the histological diagnosis of the tumor:

Select one of the following:

  • gangrenous appendicitis

  • lymphoma of the appendix

  • carcinoid

  • appendicocele

Explanation

Question 88 of 100

1

The autopsy of 65 - year-old woman shows absceding pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis. In the subarachnoid space, and on the surface of the brain is seen an exudate with dense yellowish color. Histology detects the presence of exudate rich in segmented leukocytes and fibrin. Diagnose the process!

Select one of the following:

  • tuberculous meningitis

  • serous meningitis

  • epidemic meningococcal meningitis

  • purulent meningitis

Explanation

Question 89 of 100

1

34 year-old presents with enlarged cervical lymph nodes on the right side of the neck that do not seem to be affected after antibiotic treatment. The biopsy of the lymph nodes shows entirely depleted structure with numerous large mononuclear and binuclear cells, eosinophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes, epithelioid macrophages. Give diagnosis of the pathological process in the lymph nodes!

Select one of the following:

  • Tuberculosis net

  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma

  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

  • Sarcoidosis

Explanation

Question 90 of 100

1

The upper outer quadrant of the breast shows dense node, well delimited and movable to the surrounding tissue and skin. Histological examination establishes proliferated and expanded ducts of the breast with a spherical shape and the surrounding connective tissue that does not deform them. Breast lobules are not seen. Give the diagnosis of the process!

Select one of the following:

  • chronic fibrocystic breasts

  • lipogranuloma

  • lipoma

  • pericanalicular fibroadenoma

Explanation

Question 91 of 100

1

Autopsy of a 67 year-old with cancer of the ascending colon. Skin, mucous membranes and internal organs are pale, the heart is a ‘tiger’ type, the bone marrow of flat bones is hyperplastic and in the long bones it is hyperplastic and ‘red’. Point out the correct diagnosis of the hematopoietic system!

Select one of the following:

  • iron deficiency anemia

  • hemolytic anemia

  • pernicious anemia

  • aplastic anemia

Explanation

Question 92 of 100

1

At an autopsy, a large part of one of the lungs is soft, grey color with an unpleasant odor and the surrounding lung tissue is atelectatic. Histologically is seen necrosis with many microorganisms. No inflammatory reaction is seen. Give the correct diagnosis!

Select one of the following:

  • emphysema

  • lung carcinoma

  • lung abscess

  • lung gangrene

Explanation

Question 93 of 100

1

18-year old girl is with tumor formation in the abdomen. An operation is done and a cystic tumor of the left ovary with the size of 10 cm is removed. Cutting of the tumor shows little protrusion at one pole of the cyst and the contents are fat and hair. Histologically are observed improperly mixed tissues from all three germ layers - ecto - , meso- and endoderm. Determine the type of tumor

Select one of the following:

  • serous cystadenoma

  • papillary cystadenoma

  • mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

  • mature teratoma

Explanation

Question 94 of 100

1

At necropsy the gastric mucosa is strongly hypertrophied. Gastric mucosal folds are large, curved , swollen resembling brain gyri. Which of the following is correct?

Select one of the following:

  • acute gastritis

  • chronic gastritis

  • carcinoma of the stomach

  • hypertrophic gastritis of Menetrier

Explanation

Question 95 of 100

1

Autopsy of 27 - year-old woman finds in the lungs numerous gray-yellowish nodules with the size of millet grain and dense texture. In the subaruchnoid space of the basal surface of the brain, between cruris cerebri around the optic chiasma is seen abundant gelatinous, yellowish exudate and along the blood vessels - nodules with the same characteristic as in the lungs. What is the disease of the nervous system?

Select one of the following:

  • purulent meningitis

  • encephalitis

  • serous meningitis

  • tuberculous meningitis

Explanation

Question 96 of 100

1

An elderly with complaints of severe chest pain that spread to the left arm was admitted in emergency cardiac surgery. A surgical intervention with placement of two bypasses was performed and the patient's life was saved. What disease caused the complaints?

Select one or more of the following:

  • angina pectoris

  • atherosclerosis

  • myoardial infarction

  • prinzmetal angina

Explanation

Question 97 of 100

1

If thrombosis occurs a few days after surgery of popliteal vein and causes death due to massive pulmonary embolism, the main disease is

Select one of the following:

  • what has given rise to surgery

  • the surgical operation

  • thrombosis of v. poplitea

  • massive pulmonary thrombosis

Explanation

Question 98 of 100

1

The autopsy of 27 years old woman revealed numerous grayish yellow nodules in the lungs with size of a grain and dense consistency. On the brain was found gelatinous yellowish exudate mainly on its base, around chiasm and Sylvian fissure. Around the vessels were visible single nodules with the same characteristics as in the lungs. What is the process in the lungs?

Select one of the following:

  • abscessing pneumonia

  • pneumonia crouposa

  • miliary tuberculosis

  • silicosis

Explanation

Question 99 of 100

1

A 50 year old male presents with angina pectoris. Coronary angiography reveals a 75% narrowing of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. Which of the following cells is least likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of his coronary artery lesion?

Select one of the following:

  • monocytes

  • smooth muscle cells

  • platelets

  • neutrophils

Explanation

Question 100 of 100

1

During third trimester of pregnancy, a 28 year old woman discovers a lump in her right breast. It is a circumscribed, 2-cm, freely movable mass beneath the nipple. After delivery of a term infant the mass appears to decrease slightly In size. This breast lesion is most likely to be a (an)

Select one of the following:

  • intraductal papilloma

  • phyllodes tumor

  • fibroadenoma

  • lobular carcinoma in situ

Explanation

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